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1.
Chinese Critical Care Medicine ; (12): 216-220, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1025378

ABSTRACT

The vagus nerve, as an important "guardian" of the body, is involved in the steady-state regulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal digestion and endocrine systems. Recent studies have shown that the vagus nerve plays an important regulatory role in inflammatory response via the inflammatory reflex, which is closely related to the fact that the afferent and efferent fibers of the vagus nerve can sense and regulate inflammation, respectively. The pathophysiological mechanism of sepsis is based on the dysregulation of immune response, and it is often initiated by the excessive inflammatory response of the innate immune system. In recent years, in order to expand intervention strategies for the immune dysregulation of sepsis, researchers have made many efforts on regulating the inflammatory response of the vagus nerve in sepsis. This article focuses on the mechanism of vagus nerve-mediated inflammatory reflex and the regulatory role of vagus nerve in inflammatory response of sepsis, in order to reveal new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of sepsis.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1027580

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the expression and prognosis of B-cell lymphoma 7 protein family member A (BCL7A) in hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the effect and mechanism of BCL7A expression on the invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods:The cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 40 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent radical hepatobiliary resection in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from November 2017 to March 2018 were prospectively collected for protein extraction, including 29 males and 11 females, aged (58.5±10.4) years. The information of 374 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 50 cases of adjacent tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Hep3B and SMMC-7721 were transfected with overexpressing BCL7A plasmid and empty vector plasmid (negative control), respectively. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of BCL7A, and Western blotting was also used to detect the expression of proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (N-cadherin, E-cadherin, snail). Transwell and cell scratch assays were used to detect cell invasion and migration.Results:Compared with adjacent tissues, the mRNA expression of BCL7A in 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in TCGA was significantly increased ( t=13.38, P<0.001). According to the median mRNA expression level of BCL7A, 374 patients were divided into BCL7A high expression group ( n=187) and low expression group ( n=187), and the cumulative survival rate of BCL7A high expression patients was lower than that of low expression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.95, P=0.009). Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of BCL7A protein in cancer tissues, and found it was higher compared to adjacent tissues. Compared with the negative control group, the number of cells invaded by the BCL7A overexpression group of hepatoma cells Hep3B and SMMC-7721 was more than the negative control group respectively, (153.7±1.3) vs (63.7±4.7) and (307.7±25.14) vs (72.3±12.5), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=7.97, 8.38, both P=0.001) .The results of the cell scratch assay were consistent with the results of the Transwell invasion assay. The expressions of N-cadherin and snail in the BCL7A overexpression group were higher than those in the negative control group, and the E-cadherin was lower, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of BCL7A in cancer tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is elevated and is associated with poor prognosis. BCL7A may promote hepatocellular carcinoma cell metastasis and invasion by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1029678

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of end-to-side anastomosis of non-primary perforating vessels carried by free anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) in reconstruction of soft tissue of limb.Methods:Between February 2020 and July 2021, 14 patients with soft tissue defect of limb were admitted in the Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College. The patients were 12 males and 2 females, aged between 30 and 69 years old, with a median age of 52 years old. One defect was found in left hand, 7 in left foot and ankle and 6 in right foot and ankle. Wound sizes were 7 cm×7 cm-9 cm×22 cm, all accompanied with exposed tendons, nerves or bone tissue. The size of flaps ranged from 8 cm×8 cm to 10 cm×23 cm. ALTPFs carrying non-primary source vessels were applied in reconstruction of soft tissue defects. The non-primary perforating vessels of ALTPF was anastomosed with the artery in recipient site in an end-to-side fashion and the vein of ALTPF was end-to-end anastomosed with the accompanying vein of the recipient artery. All donor sites were sutured directly. The follow-up was conducted by online reviews via WeChat or by visit of outpatient clinics. Appearance of flap and donor site were observed and the aesthetic satisfaction of the patients recipient sites were assessed subjectively using Likert scale.Results:All 14 ALTPFs survived uneventfully. Wound exudation occurred in 1 flap, and healed after dressing change and drainage. All patients received 9-18 (mean 12.6) months of follow-up. The ALTPFs were in good texture and shape. According to the Likert scale, appearance were excellent in 4 flaps, good in 8 flaps and fair in 2 flaps.Conclusion:Application of free ALTPF of non-primary source vessels with end-to-side anastomosis is not only effective in the reconstruction of limb defects, but also has advantages of reliable blood perfusion and cosmetic appearance.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1003773

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo identify the prototypical components and metabolites absorbed into blood and cerebrospinal fluid of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus(SCF) based on sequential metabolism combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. MethodBlood and cerebrospinal fluid samples of integrated metabolism, intestinal metabolism and hepatic metabolism were collected from male SD rats after gavage and in situ intestinal perfusion administration, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS) was used to analyze and compare the differences in the spectra of SCF extract, blank plasma, administered plasma, blank cerebrospinal fluid and administered cerebrospinal fluid with ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 µm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile(A)-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(B) for gradient elution(0-7 min, 95%B; 7-12 min, 95%-35%B; 12-17 min, 35%-15%B; 17-20 min, 15%-12%B; 20-22 min, 12%-5%B; 22-23 min, 5%B; 23-25 min, 5%-95%B; 25-28 min, 95%B). And heated electrospray ionization(HESI) was used with positive and negative ion modes, the scanning range was m/z 100-1 500. The prototypical constituents and their metabolites absorbed into blood and cerebrospinal fluid of SCF were identified according to the retention time, characteristic fragments, molecular formulae and the information of reference substances. ResultA total of 42 chemical components were identified in the extract of SCF, including lignans, flavonoids, amino acids, tannins, and others, of which lignans were the main ones. A total of 27 prototypical components and 14 metabolites were identified in plasma samples from different sites. A total of 15 prototypical components and 9 metabolites were identified in cerebrospinal fluid. The main metabolic reactions involved in the formation of metabolites were mainly demethylation, methylation, demethoxylation and hydroxylation. ConclusionThrough the systematic identification of the prototypical components and metabolites of SCF in rats, it provides data support for further better exploring the material basis of SCF in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

5.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1021541

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Achilles tendon adhesion after Achilles tendon injury can lead to decreased biomechanical properties,weakened healing ability,and ultrastructural changes of Achilles tendon,which further affects patients'daily life and work ability.Therefore,how to effectively deal with and prevent Achilles tendon adhesion has become a hot and difficult problem in clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effects of biological amniotic membranes on postoperative Achilles tendon adhesion,biomechanics,and ultrastructural changes in rats with Achilles tendon rupture. METHODS:Sixty 6-week-old SD rats were selected to establish bilateral Achilles tendon rupture models and divided into two groups(n=30 per group)by the random number table method.In the model group,the severed end of the tendon was sutured directly.In the amniotic membrane group,the biological amniotic membrane was wrapped around the broken anastomosis and fixed by a suture.The adhesion,biomechanics,morphology,and structure of the Achilles tendon and the expression of p38 and ERK1/2 protein were evaluated 1,2,and 4 weeks after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)1 week after operation,the Achilles tendon and peritendinous tissues of the two groups were mildly edema,and the adhesion of the Achilles tendon tissues in the model group was more obvious.2 weeks after the intervention,the Achilles tendon and peritendinous tissues of the model group still had edema,and the adhesion degree between the Achilles tendon and the surrounding tissues was heavier than that of the amniotic membrane group.4 weeks after operation,there was no edema around the Achilles tendon in both groups,and the healing was well.The adhesion degree of the Achilles tendon in the amniotic membrane group was less than that in the model group.The maximum tension of Achilles tendons in the amniotic membrane group was higher than that in the model group at 2 and 4 weeks after operation(P<0.001).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy revealed that 1 week after operation,the tendon structure of rats of the two groups was disordered and the collagen fibers were sparsely arranged,in which the model group demonstrated obvious inflammatory reaction and adhesion to the Achilles tendon.Two weeks after operation,the model group still demonstrated obvious inflammatory response,adhesion of Achilles tendon,and irregular ordering of collagen fibers.The amniotic membrane group exhibited an orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum of fibroblasts.At 4 weeks after operation,the collagen fibers of the Achilles tendon in the model group were thickened and disordered,and the rough endoplasmic reticulum was less in the fibroblasts,while the collagen fibers in the amniotic membrane group were ordered and thin,and the fibroblasts contained a large number of rough endoplasmic reticulum.(3)Four weeks after operation,western blot assay exhibited that the expressions of p38 and ERK1/2 protein in the Achilles tendon tissue of rats in the amniotic membrane group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).(4)The results confirm that the biologic amniotic membrane can promote the healing and inhibit the adhesion of Achilles tendon after the operation of the ruptured Achilles tendon,which may be associated with the regulation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

6.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964939

ABSTRACT

Astrocytes are important nerve cells in the central nervous system (CNS), which mainly play a key role in nutrition and support. Astrocytes and neurons undergo close energy coupling and substance coupling, which are closely related and interact with each other. In recent years, many studies have shown that the astrocyte-neuron coupling imbalance plays a central role in the occurrence and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and serves as an important therapeutic target receiving increasing attention. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, the main pathogenesis of AD is kidney deficiency and marrow inadequacy, and in clinical medication, kidney-tonifying and marrow-filling TCM prescriptions are often employed with satisfactory results achieved. As reported, many kidney-tonifying and marrow-filling prescriptions exhibit regulatory and protective effects on the imbalance of astrocyte-neuron coupling, suggesting that the effect of kidney-tonifying and marrow-filling prescriptions in treating AD may have some internal relationship with its regulation of the imbalance of astrocyte-neuron coupling. This article reviewed the underlying internal relationship between the imbalance of astrocyte-neuron coupling and the pathogenesis of kidney deficiency and marrow inadequacy in AD and the research progress in the intervention mechanism of TCM for tonifying the kidney and filling the marrow.

7.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964940

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi in improving astrocyte injury and glycolysis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice via regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, thereby improving the cognitive function of AD mice. MethodForty male APP/PS1 transgenic mice aged four months were randomly divided into a model group and a model + Dihuang Yinzi (0.25 g·kg-1) group, with 20 mice in each group. Forty C57BL/6J mice with the same background and same age were randomly divided into a control group and a control + Dihuang Yinzi (0.25 g·kg-1) group, with 20 mice in each group. The mice in the control + Dihuang Yinzi group and the model + Dihuang Yinzi group were administered with Dihuang Yinzi by gavage, and those in the control group and the model group received an equal volume of sterilized normal saline, once a day for 150 days. Morris water maze test was performed to test the ability of navigation and space exploration of mice. The protein expression of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), and aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member B2 (ALDH3B2) in mouse brain tissues was measured by Western blot. An immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect astrocyte morphology and the expression level of ALDH3B2. ResultAs compared with the control group, the model group showed prolonged escape latency during the 2nd to 5th days of the location-based navigation (P<0.05, P<0.01), reduced number of times crossing the target area of the platform, shortened residence time in the target quadrant (P<0.05, P<0.01), prolonged residence time in the opposite quadrant (P<0.05), increased surface area of the cell body and total length of cell protrusions of astrocytes (P<0.05, P<0.01), and down-regulated protein expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, ALDH3B2, and PFK-1 (P<0.01), while the above experimental indexes were not significantly different in the control + Dihuang Yinzi group. Compared with the model group, the model + Dihuang Yinzi group showed shortened escape latency of APP/PS1 mice during the 2nd to 5th days of the location-based navigation (P<0.05, P<0.01), increased number of times crossing the platform, prolonged target quadrant residence time (P<0.05, P<0.01), shortened residence time in the opposite quadrant (P<0.05), reduced surface area of the cell body and total length of cell protrusions of astrocytes (P<0.05), and up-regulated protein expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt, ALDH3B2, and PFK-1 (P<0.01). ConclusionDihuang Yinzi can improve the learning and memory ability of AD mice by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and up-regulating the protein expression of PFK-1 and ALDH3B2 to protect against astrocyte injury in brain tissues and improve glycolysis.

8.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964941

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi (DHYZ)in improving astrocyte injury in the brain and regulating energy metabolism and autophagy disorder in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice. MethodForty male APP/PS1 transgenic mice aged four months were randomly divided into a model group and a model + DHYZ group (2.5 g·kg-1), with 20 mice in each group. Forty C57BL/6J mice with the same background and same age were randomly divided into a control group and a control + DHYZ group (2.5 g·kg-1), with 20 mice in each group. The mice in the control group and the model group were administered with an equal volume of sterilized normal saline by gavage, once a day for 150 days. Novel object recognition test and step-down test were performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability of mice. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in brain tissues of mice, and the data obtained were used to calculate energy charge (EC) levels. The phosphorylation levels of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1, microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, and p62 in mouse brain were measured by Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group, the model group showed decreased novel object recognition index, shortened retention latency, increased error times in the step-down test, up-regulated protein expression of GFAP, decreased content of ATP, ADP, and EC in brain tissues, elevated AMP , increased levels of p-AMPK, p-LKB1, and p-mTOR, and protein expression of p62 , and down-regulated p-ULK1 level and protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ(P<0.01), while the above experimental indexes were not significantly different in the control + DHYZ group. Compared with the model group, the model + DHYZ group showed increased novel object recognition index(P<0.05), prolonged retention latency(P<0.01), decreased error times(P<0.01) in the step-down test, reduced protein expression of GFAP(P<0.05), increased content of ATP, ADP, and EC in brain tissues (P<0.05, P<0.01), decreased AMP content(P<0.05), reduced p-AMPK, p-LKB1, and p-mTOR levels and protein expression of p62, and up-regulated p-ULK1 level and protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ(P<0.01). ConclusionBy protecting astrocytes, DHYZ can improve energy metabolism and autophagy disorder in AD mice to improve the learning and memory ability of model mice.

9.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964942

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi in improving astrocyte injury and protecting synaptic structure and function in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. MethodForty male APP/PS1 transgenic mice aged four months were randomly divided into a model group and a model + Dihuang Yinzi (0.25 g·kg-1) group, with 20 mice in each group. Forty C57BL/6J mice with the same background and same age were randomly divided into a control group and a control + Dihuang Yinzi (0.25 g·kg-1) group, with 20 mice in each group. The mice in the control + Dihuang Yinzi group and the model + Dihuang Yinzi group were administered with Dihuang Yinzi by gavage, and those in the control group and the model group received an equal volume of sterilized normal saline, once a day for 150 days. The learning and memory ability of mice was tested by the light-dark box test and Y-maze spontaneous alternation test. The content of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Long-term potentiation (LTP) assay was used to detect synaptic plasticity in brain tissues. The protein expression levels of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), postsynaptic density protein95 (PSD95), and synaptophysin (SYN) in brain tissues were measured by Western blot. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the localization and expression of EAAT2. Colorimetry was performed to detect Na+-K+ ATPase activity in mouse brain tissues. ResultAs compared with the control group, the model group showed shortened residence latency (P<0.01), increased number of errors (P<0.01) in the light-dark box test, reduced spontaneous alternation behaviors (P<0.01), no significant difference in the total number of arm entries in the Y-maze spontaneous alternation test, down-regulated expression of EAAT2, PSD95, and SYN (P<0.01), blunted activity of Na+-K+ ATPase (P<0.01), up-regulated Glu level (P<0.01), down-regulated Gln level (P<0.01), and reduced relative population spike (PS) amplitude and the slope of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the above experimental indexes were not significantly different in the control + Dihuang Yinzi group. Compared with the model group, the model + Dihuang Yinzi group displayed prolonged residence latency (P<0.05), decreased number of errors (P<0.01) in the light-dark box test, increased spontaneous alternation behaviors (P<0.01), no significant difference in the total number of arm entries in the Y-maze spontaneous alternation test, up-regulated expression of EAAT2, PSD95, and SYN (P<0.01), potentiated activity of Na+-K+ ATPase (P<0.01), reduced Glu level (P<0.01), up-regulated Gln level (P<0.01), and increased PS amplitude and EPSP slope (P<0.01). ConclusionDihuang Yinzi can improve cognitive dysfunction in AD mice by protecting astrocytes, increasing Glu uptake to reduce its abnormal accumulation, and protecting synaptic structure and function.

10.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; (12): 320-329, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-965719

ABSTRACT

Developmental changes in children can affect drug disposition and clinical effects. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model is a mathematical model that can be used to predict blood drug concentrations in children and gain insight into age-dependent physiological differences in drug disposition impact. Pediatric PBPK (P-PBPK) models have attracted attention over the past decade. With the concerted efforts of academia, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory agencies, there are more and more examples of pediatric clinical studies using PBPK models. Nevertheless, the number of P-PBPK models and their predictive performance still lag behind adult models. By referring to the literature, we study the process of children adapting to adult absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters and analyze the general principles of P-PBPK model establishment. In addition, we summarize the functions and application examples of commonly used P-PBPK modeling software to provide a basis for the rational application of modeling software.

11.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969836

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the household secondary attack rates of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and the associated factors. Methods: A COVID-19 outbreak caused by the Delta variant occurred in Nanjing in July 2021. A total of 235 cases with current addresses in Nanjing were reported from 171 households. The subjects in this study were selected from household close contact(s) of infected cases. The information on household index cases and their contacts were collected, and the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) and the risk factors were analyzed by the multi-factor logistic regression model. Results: A total of 234 cases of household close contacts and 64 household secondary cases were reported from 103 households, and the HSAR was 27.4% (64/234, 95%CI:22.0% to 33.4%). The proportions of household size for 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 9 were 64.1% (66), 26.2% (27) and 9.7% (10), respectively. A total of 35 cases of household cluster outbreaks were reported (35/103, 34.0%). The number of the first case in the household (FCH) was 103 and males accounted for 27.2% (28 cases), with the median age (Q1, Q3) of 49 (9, 56). The number of household close contacts was 234 and males accounted for 59.0% (138 cases), with the median age (Q1, Q3) of 42 (20, 55) and the median exposure period (Q1, Q3) of 3 (1, 3) days. The multi-factor logistic regression model showed that the higher HSAR was observed in the FCH with the features of airport staff (OR=2.913, 95%CI:1.469-5.774), detection from home quarantine screening (OR=6.795, 95%CI:1.761-26.219) and detection from mass screening (OR=4.239, 95%CI:1.098-16.368). Meanwhile, higher HSAR was observed in cases with longer household exposure (OR=1.221, 95%CI:1.040-1.432), non-vaccination (OR=2.963, 95%CI:1.288-6.813) and incomplete vaccinations (OR=2.842, 95%CI:0.925-8.731). Conclusion: The generation interval of the Delta variant is shortened, and the ability of transmission within the household is enhanced. In the outbreak in Nanjing, the associated factors of HSAR are occupation, detection route, vaccination and exposure period.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiology , Incidence , Family Characteristics
12.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969884

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the prevalence trend of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years in China from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Students aged 7-17 years were selected from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health from 2010 to 2019. High normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure were determined according to the "Reference of screening for elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years" (WS/T 610-2018). The Chi-square test was performed to determine whether there was a difference in the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure by gender, residence and age group. Results: In 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years was 15.3% (29 855/195 625), which was higher in boys (20.2%, 19 779/97 847) and rural areas (15.4%, 15 066/97 567) than that in girls (10.3%, 10 076/97 778) and urban areas (15.1%, 14 789/98 058), respectively (all P<0.05). The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 13.0% (25 377/195 625), which was higher in girls (13.2%, 12 925/97 778) and rural areas (14.1%, 13 753/97 567) than that in boys (12.7%, 12 452/97 847) and urban areas (11.9%, 11 624/98 058) (all P<0.05). From 2010 to 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure showed an increasing trend, with an annual average growth rate from 1.14% to 3.18%. The overall prevalence of elevated blood pressure also showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2019 but decreased in 2014. The annual average growth rate of elevated blood pressure was-1.07% from 2010 to 2014 and 9.33% from 2014 to 2019. About 17 provinces had an increasing trend in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure from 2010 to 2014, and 22 provinces with an increasing trend from 2014 to 2019. There were obvious regional differences in the annual average growth rate of the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure. The regions with the highest annual average growth rate of the prevalence of high normal blood pressure were the Northeast (5.47%) from 2010 to 2014 and the Western region (5.21%) from 2014 to 2019. For elevated blood pressure, the Northeast had the highest annual average growth rate from 2010 to 2014 (12.35%), while the Central (15.79%) and Western (12.87%) had the highest growth rate from 2014 to 2019. Conclusion: From 2010 to 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 shows an increasing trend, with regional disparities.

13.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969886

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze and predict the epidemic trend of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019. Methods: Data were collected from the Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019 with the sample size of 409 945, 204 931, 209 209, 234 420, 215 317, 214 353, and 212 711, respectively. Overweight and obesity were evaluated according to the "classification standard of the weight index value of overweight and obesity screening for Chinese school-age children and adolescents" of the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). The detection rate and average annual growth rate of overweight and obesity, and single obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were calculated, and ArcGis10.6 software was used to analyze the difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in different regions in 2019. Polynomial regression function was used to fit the prevalence and average annual growth rate of overweight and obesity, and single obesity among children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019, and to predict the prevalence of overweight and obesity and single obesity among children and adolescents in China. Results: In 2019, the total prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China was 23.4%, and the prevalence of single obesity was 9.6%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban children and adolescents was higher than that in rural areas (25.4% vs. 21.5%), and the prevalence in boys was higher than that in girls (28.4% vs. 18.4%) (both P values<0.001). In 2019, there was a large regional disparity in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in different provinces, with the lowest in Guangdong (12.2%) and the highest in Shandong (38.9%), and the high epidemic areas were mainly concentrated in North China and Northeast China. From 1985 to 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China increased from 1.2% to 23.4%, with an increase of 18.1 times, while the prevalence of obesity alone increased from 0.1% to 9.6%, with an increase of 75.6 times. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban boys, urban girls, rural boys and rural girls increased from 1.3%, 1.5%, 0.5%, and 1.6% in 1985 to 31.2%, 19.4%, 25.6%, and 17.4% in 2019, with an increase of 22.3, 11.7, 54.2, and 10.1 times, respectively. According to the prediction model, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China will increase from 23.4% in 2019 to 32.7% in 2030, and the prevalence of obesity alone will increase from 9.6% in 2019 to 15.1% in 2030. The growth of rural children and adolescents is obvious. By 2025, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among rural children and adolescents in China will comprehensively exceed that of urban, and there will be an "urban-rural reversal" phenomenon. At the same time, the prevalence of children's obesity in China's low, medium and high epidemic areas will also continue to increase. By 2035, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in medium epidemic areas will exceed that in high epidemic areas, and there will be a "provincial reversal" phenomenon. Conclusion: From 1985 to 2019, the overweight and obesity of children and adolescents in China will continue to grow rapidly with large regional differences.

14.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi ; (12): 150-155, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970199

ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine the value of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) for excimer laser ablation (ELA) combined with drug-coated balloon (DCB) in treating lower limb arteriosclerotic obliterans (ASO). Methods: As a prospective case series study, patients who underwent ELA combined with DCB for lower limb ASO with the guidance of IVUS from September 2021 to March 2022 at Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were enrolled prospectively. Lesion characteristics, procedure-related outcomes and complications were collected. The therapy outcomes were compared with baseline data by paired t test. Results: There were 8 males and 2 females, aged (72.0±5.9) years (range: 61 to 81 years). Of all the 11 lesions, there were 8 lesions in superficial femoral artery and 3 in popliteal artery. The lesion length was (7.0±2.4) cm (range: 3.2 to 9.8 cm). There were 4 chronic totally occlusion and 7 severe stenosis. All patients underwent the operation successfully. The technical success rate was 10/11. Bailout stenting was performed in one lesion because of flow-limiting dissection. Four lesions were grade 3 to 4 in peripheral artery calcium score system, and 9 lesions with calcification arc≥180°. Larger diameter drug-coated balloons were selected in 5 lesions after measurement of intravascular ultrasound. The follow-up time was (6.0±1.9) months (range: 3 to 9 months). The ankle-brachial index of the patient was significantly improved immediately after surgery (0.97±0.13 vs. 0.48±0.18, t=-7.60, P<0.01) and at 3 months after surgery (0.95±0.12 vs. 0.48±0.18, t=-7.17, P<0.01). The 3-month primary patency rate was 11/11, the target lesion reintervention was 0 and ulcer healing rate was 3/4. Conclusion: IVUS assisted ELA in the treatment of lower limb artery lesions is safe and effective in early stage.


Subject(s)
Female , Male , Humans , Laser Therapy , Lower Extremity , Ultrasonography , Femoral Artery , Ultrasonography, Interventional
15.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 300-310, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970466

ABSTRACT

As one of the most frequent complications of diabetes, diabetic neuropathy often involves peripheral and central nervous systems. Neuroinflammation is the key pathogenic factor of secondary nerve injury in diabetes. NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome is a group of subcellular multiprotein complexes, including NLRP3, apoptosis associated speck-like protein(ASC), and pro-cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1(pro-caspase-1). NLRP3 inflammasome is an inducer of innate immune responses. Its activation stimulates the inflammatory cascade reaction, promotes the release of inflammatory mediators, triggers cell death and uncontrolled autophagy, activates glial cells, facilitates peripheral immune cell infiltration, and initiates amyoid β(Aβ)-tau cascade reactions. As a result, it contributes to the central nerve, somatic nerve, autonomic nerve, and retinal nerve cell damage secondary to diabetes. Therefore, due to its key role in the neuroinflammation responses of the body, NLRP3 inflammasome may provide new targets for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. With multi-target and low-toxicity advantages, traditional Chinese medicine plays a vital role in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Accumulating evidence has shown that traditional Chinese medicine exerts curative effects on diabetic neuropathy possibly through regulating NLRP3 inflammasome. Although the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetes and related complications has been investigated in the literature, systematical studies on drugs and mechanism analysis for secondary neuropathy are still lacking. In this article, the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic neuropathy was explored, and the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy through NLRP3 inflammasome was reviewed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Inflammasomes/metabolism , NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism , Diabetic Neuropathies/drug therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Neuroinflammatory Diseases , Inflammation , Diabetes Mellitus
16.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971106

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of mTOR inhibitors everolimus (EVE) and gemcitabine (GEM) on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell line U2932, and further explore the molecular mechanisms, so as to provide new ideas and experimental basis for the clinical treatment of DLBCL.@*METHODS@#The effect of EVE and GEM on the proliferation of U2932 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay, the IC50 of the two drugs was calculated, and the combination index (CI=) of the two drugs was calculated by CompuSyn software. The effect of EVE and GEM on apoptosis of U2932 cells was detected by flow cytometry with AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining. Flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to detect the effect of EVE and GEM on the cell cycle of U2932 cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the effects of EVE and GEM on the channel proteins p-mTOR and p-4EBP1, the anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1 and Survivin, and the cell cycle protein Cyclin D1.@*RESULTS@#Both EVE and GEM could significantly inhitbit the proliferation of U2932 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner (r=0.465, 0.848; 0.555, 0.796). According to the calculation of CompuSyn software, EVE combined with GEM inhibited the proliferation of U2932 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h with CI=<1, which had a synergistic effect. After treated U2932 cells with 10 nmol/L EVE, 250 nmol/L GEM alone and in combination for 48 h, both EVE and GEM induced apoptosis, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate was significantly enhanced after EVE in combination with GEM compared with single-agent (P<0.05). Both EVE and GEM alone and in combination significantly increased the proportion of cells in G1 phase compared with the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of cells in G1 phase was significantly increased when the two drugs were combined (P<0.05). The expression of p-mTOR and effector protein p-4EBP1 was significantly downregulated in the EVE combined with GEM group, the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1, Survivin and cell cycle protein cyclin D1 was downregulated too (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EVE combined with GEM can synergistically inhibit the proliferation of U2932 cells, and the mechanism may be that they can synergistically induce apoptosis by downregulating the expression of MCL-1 and Survivin proteins and block the cell cycle progression by downregulating the expression of Cyclin D1.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gemcitabine , Everolimus/pharmacology , Survivin/pharmacology , Cyclin D1/pharmacology , Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases , Apoptosis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins , Cell Cycle Proteins , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
17.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1038393

ABSTRACT

Objective @#To develop an endoscopic automatic detection system in early gastric cancer (EGC) based on a region-based convolutional neural network ( Mask R-CNN) .@*Methods @# A total of 3 579 and 892 white light images (WLI) of EGC were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for training and testing,respectively.Then,10 WLI videos were obtained prospectively to test dynamic performance of the RCNN system.In addition,400 WLI images were randomly selected for comparison with the Mask R-CNN system and endoscopists.Diagnostic ability was assessed by accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value ( PPV) , and negative predictive value (NPV) . @*Results @# The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of the Mask R-CNN system in diagnosing EGC in WLI images were 90. 25% ,91. 06% and 89. 01% ,respectively,and there was no significant statistical difference with the results of pathological diagnosis.Among WLI real-time videos,the diagnostic accuracy was 90. 27%.The speed of test videos was up to 35 frames / s in real time.In the controlled experiment, the sensitivity of Maks R-CNN system was higher than that of the experts (93. 00% vs 80. 20% ,χ2 = 7. 059,P < 0. 001) ,and the specificity was higher than that of the juniors (82. 67% vs 71. 87% ,χ2 = 9. 955,P<0. 001) , and the overall accuracy rate was higher than that of the seniors (85. 25% vs 78. 00% ,χ2 = 7. 009,P<0. 001) . @*Conclusion@#The Mask R-CNN system has excellent performance for detection of EGC under WLI,which has great potential for practical clinical application.

18.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; (12): 3321-3329, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-999074

ABSTRACT

Magnolol, a hydroquinone containing an allyl side chain, is one of the major active components of magnolia for antioxidation and anti-aging. To enhance the anti-aging activity and improve the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of magnolol, magnolol was reacted with cinnamic acid to obtain 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol by esterification. The anti-aging activity of magnolol 2-O-cinnamate was investigated based on Caenorhabditis elegans model. The results showed that 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol can reduce lipofuscin accumulation in the nematode body, and the effect is better than that of magnolol. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol can extend nematode lifespan, reduce ROS levels in nematodes during normal aging and oxidative stress and improve nematode stress resistance under heat stress and oxidative stress. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol could induce DAF-16 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and upregulate the expression of the sod-3 gene encoding superoxide dismutase in the nematode TJ356 expressing DAF-16 fused with GFP. 2-O-Cinnamic acid magnolol did not improve the survival rate of hsp-16.2 gene deficient nematodes under oxidative stress, indicating that 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol improves stress resistance of nematodes under oxidative stress may be associated with sod-3 and hsp-16.2. Moreover, 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol did not extend the lifespan of daf-16 and age-1 mutants, indicating that age-1 and daf-16 are required for 2-O-cinnamic acid magnolol to delay aging. It showed that magnolol 2-O-cinnamic acid has the potential to improve antioxidant capacity and delay aging, and the mechanism may be related to the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway.

19.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; (12): 2111-2119, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-999117

ABSTRACT

There are more than 60 million alcoholic liver disease (ALD) patients in China, which has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored. Moreover, the social problem of "alcohol culture" is still hardly to solve, so that safe and effective prevention and treatment for ALD are in urgent need clinically. Previous studies on ALD have focused on the direct damaging effects of alcohol and its toxic metabolites, while recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of ALD also include alcohol metabolic reprogramming and endogenous metabolites disorder. Although the endogenous metabolites have no direct toxicity, its long-term effect should not be ignored. These endogenous metabolites could change epigenetic modifications, cause widespread and persistent abnormal gene expression and signal pathway activation abnormally to promote metabolic reprogramming and stamp it as "metabolic memory", which manifest pathological changes and promote ALD, especially liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and liver cancer. Based on this, the article reviews the important epigenetic modifications caused by related metabolites in ALD and their associated effects. The role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients in regulating epigenetics was also analyzed. The results suggest that regulation of epigenetics and alteration of "metabolic memory" may be a novel mechanism of TCM in the prevention and treatment of ALD.

20.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1028923

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of excimer laser ablation (ELA) combined with drug-coated balloon (DCB) for the below-the-knee (BTK) artery lesions.Methods:From Jun 2019 to Nov 2022, 22 patients receiving ELA combined with DCB in atherosclerotic lesions of BTK artery at these two centers were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In these 22 patients there were 3 (13.6%) suffering from stenosis and 19 (86.4%) from chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions. The mean length of lesion was (25.6±5.7) cm. The technical success rate was 95.5%. Flow-limiting dissection was found in 1 (4.5%) patient and a bailout stent was deployed. The mean ankle-brachial index (ABI) significantly improved during the follow-up period compared with that before the treatment. The median follow-up time was 21.5 months. The 1-year primary patency rate was 80.3%Conclusion:ELA combined with DCB was safe and effective in the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions of BTK artery, improving the primary patency.

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