Expression of IGHG1 in pancreatic cancer and its effect on cell biological function / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (IGHG1) in pancreatic cancer and its effects on proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1.Methods:From Jun. 2018 to Dec. 2020, 65 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent surgical treatment at Xiang Yang No.1 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine were selected. The tumor tissue and normal adjacent tissues were removed, and the expression level of IGHG1 mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) . The correlation between IGHG1 expression and clinicopathological features of pancreatic cancer was analyzed. PANC-1 cells were divided into control group, IGHG1 negative control group (si-NC) and interference IGHG1 expression group (si-IGHG1) . IGHG1 mRNA expression, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of PANC-1 cells, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -related proteins E-cadherin and N-cadherin, Vimentin and Bax, Bcl-2, caspase3 protein expression were detected.Results:The expression level of IGHG1 mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissue was 2.47±0.23, significantly higher than 1.03±0.12 in adjacent tissues ( P<0.05) . the expression of IGHG1 was correlated with tumor differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis ( P<0.05) . Compared with the control group and si-NC group, the apoptosis rate of PANC-1 cells in the si-IGHG1 group was [ (5.34±0.65) %, (5.54±0.81) % vs (45.62±2.84) %]. Bax[0.34 ±0.05, 0.32±0.04 vs 1.13±0.12], caspase3 [0.43±0.05, 0.45±0.06 vs 1.22±0.13], and E-cadherin [0.78±0.12, 0.81±0.11 vs 1.34±0.08] protein expression levels increased significantly ( P<0.05) . The protein expression level was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , the expression level of IGHG1 mRNA [2.67±0.23, 2.61±0.21 vs 0.87±0.11] and protein [0.97±0.11, 1.01±0.10 vs 0.51±0.04], cell survival rate [ (98.21±0.56) %, (97.89±0.67) % vs (46.67±1.23) %], migration [ (76.12±2.72) %, (74.23±3.41) % vs (28.55±2.63) %] and invasion [ (85.32±3.71) %, 83.27±3.45) % vs (37.58±2.63) %] ability, and N-cadherin[1.12±0.13, 1.04±0.11 vs 0.61±0.08%], Vimentin[1.03±0.11, 0.97± 0.09 vs 0.49±0.07], and Bcl-2[0.87±0.08, 0.89±0.09 vs 0.62±0.07] protein expression levels were significantly reduced ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The expression of IGHG1 is increased in pancreatic cancer, which is related to the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer. Interference with IGHG1 expression can inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of pancreatic cancer cells.

Biological functions of CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor in metabolism and cell growth / 生理学报

Nutrient overload-caused deregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism leads to insulin resistance and metabolic disorders, which increases the risk of several types of cancers. CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor (CREBZF), a novel transcription factor of the ATF/CREB family, has emerged as a critical mechanism bridging the gap between metabolism and cell growth. CREBZF forms a heterodimer with other proteins and functions as a coregulator for gene expression. CREBZF deficiency in the liver attenuates hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, while the expression levels of CREBZF are increased in the livers of obese mice and humans with hepatic steatosis. Intriguingly, CREBZF also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis via interaction with several transcription factors including STAT3, p53 and HCF-1. Knockout of CREBZF in hepatocytes results in enhanced cell cycle progression and proliferation capacity in mice. Here we highlight how the CREBZF signaling network contributes to the deregulation of metabolism and cell growth, and discuss the potential of targeting these molecules for the treatment of insulin resistance, diabetes, fatty liver disease and cancer.

Olecranon osteotomy vs. triceps-sparing for open reduction and internal fixation in treatment of distal humerus intercondylar fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) was a standard treatment approach for fracture at distal humerus intercondylar, whereas the optimal way before ORIF remains inconclusive. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of olecranon osteotomy vs. triceps-sparing approach for patients with distal humerus intercondylar fracture.@*METHODS@#The electronic searches were systematically performed in PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from initial inception till December 2019. The primary endpoint was the incidence of excellent/good elbow function, and the secondary endpoints included Mayo elbow performance score, duration of operation, blood loss, and complications.@*RESULTS@#Nine studies involving a total of 637 patients were selected for meta-analysis. There were no significant differences between olecranon osteotomy and triceps-sparing approach for the incidence of excellent/good elbow function (odds ratio [OR]: 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69-2.75; P = 0.371), Mayo elbow performance score (weight mean difference [WMD]: 0.17; 95% CI: -2.56 to 2.89; P = 0.904), duration of operation (WMD: 4.04; 95% CI: -28.60 to 36.69; P = 0.808), blood loss (WMD: 33.61; 95% CI: -18.35 to 85.58; P = 0.205), and complications (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 0.49-7.60; P = 0.349). Sensitivity analyses found olecranon osteotomy might be associated with higher incidence of excellent/good elbow function, longer duration of operation, greater blood loss, and higher incidence of complications as compared with triceps-sparing approach.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study found olecranon osteotomy did not yield additional benefit on the incidence of excellent/good elbow function, while the duration of operation, blood loss, and complications in patients treated with olecranon osteotomy might be inferior than triceps-sparing approach.

Identification of key genes for type 1 diabetes mellitus by network-based guilt by association

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE This study aimed to propose a co-expression-network (CEN) based gene functional inference by extending the "Guilt by Association" (GBA) principle to predict candidate gene functions for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS Firstly, transcriptome data of T1DM were retrieved from the genomics data repository for differentially expressed gene (DEGs) analysis, and a weighted differential CEN was generated. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was chosen to determine the performance metric for each Gene Ontology (GO) term. Differential expression analysis identified 325 DEGs in T1DM, and co-expression analysis generated a differential CEN of edge weight > 0.8. RESULTS A total of 282 GO annotations with DEGs > 20 remained for functional inference. By calculating the multifunctionality score of genes, gene function inference was performed to identify the optimal gene functions for T1DM based on the optimal ranking gene list. Considering an AUC > 0.7, six optimal gene functions for T1DM were identified, such as regulation of immune system process and receptor activity. CONCLUSIONS CEN-based gene functional inference by extending the GBA principle predicted 6 optimal gene functions for T1DM. The results may be potential paths for therapeutic or preventive treatments of T1DM.

RESUMO OBJETIVO O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma inferência funcional genética baseada na rede de coexpressão (CEN), expandindo o escopo do princípio de "Culpa por Associação" (GBA - Guilt by Association) para prever as funções genéticas do diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (T1DM). MÉTODOS Primeiro, os dados transcritos do T1DM foram recuperados do repositório de dados genômicos para a análise dos genes diferenciais (DEGs), e foi gerada uma CEN diferencial ponderada. A área sob a curva ROC (AUC) foi escolhida para determinar a métrica de desempenho para cada termo de Ontologia Genética (GO). A análise da expressão diferencial identificou 325 DEGs no T1DM, e a análise de coexpressão gerou uma CEN diferencial com aresta de peso >0,8. RESULTADOS Um total de 282 anotações de GO com DEGs >20 foram mantidas para inferência funcional. Ao calcular a pontuação de multifuncionalidade dos genes, a inferência da função genética foi realizada para identificar as funções genéticas ideais para T1DM com base na lista de classificação genética ideal. Considerando um valor de AUC >0,7, foram identificadas seis funções genéticas ideais para a T1DM, tais como a regulação do processo imunológico e da atividade dos receptores. CONCLUSÕES A inferência funcional genética baseada em CEN, ao expandir o princípio de GBA, previu seis funções genéticas ideais para o T1DM. Os resultados podem ser caminhos potenciais para tratamentos terapêuticos ou preventivos do T1DM.

Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fracture with incomplete lower limb paralysis in a patient with COVID-19 / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Since December 2019, COVID-19, an acute infectious disease, has gradually become a global threat. We report a case of thoracolumbar fractures (T and L) and incomplete lower limb paralysis in a patient with COVID-19. After a series of conservative treatment which did not work at all, posterior open reduction and pedicle screw internal fixation of the thoracolumbar fracture were performed in Wuhan Union Hospital. Three weeks later, the patient could stand up and the pneumonia is almost cured. We successfully performed a surgery in a COVID-19 patient, and to our knowledge it is the first operation for a COVID-19 patient ever reported.

Progress on diagnosis and treatment of low transcondylar fractures of distal humerus / 中国骨伤

Low transcondylar fractures of the distal humerus in adults is rarely seen and reported in literatures. It has a bimodal distribution in terms of age, affecting the elderly and younger patients. The fracture is characterized by a very low transverse intra-capsular and extra-articular fracture lines extending from the level of lateral epicondyle to medial epicondyle. Standard elbow plain films and CT scans are crucial and indispensable for diagnosis. Conservative treatment is suitable for undisplaced fractures, patients who are intolerant of anesthesia, or people with advanced dementia. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is preferred. Parallel and orthogonal plate fixation are widely adopted while some researchers preferred crisscross-type screw fixation or bicolumnar 90-90 plating. In addition, some customized posterolateral plates are specially designed to be able to insert a transverse screw, functioning as lateral support. However, most of the recent researches conducted on low transcondylar fractures of the distal humerus are retrospective studies with relatively lower level of evidence compared to prospective and randomized controlled ones which remain a vacancy in this field. Therefore, further studies comparing the biomechanical properties and clinical prognosis of different configurations of internal fixation or total elbow arthroplasty for the treatment of low transcondylar fractures are needed in the future.

Effects of cluster needling at the scalp points on the expression of ChAT and AchE of hippocampus in rats with Alzheimer's disease / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of cluster needling at the scalp points on the expression of choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) and choline cholinesterase (AchE).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 Wistar rats were randomized into a sham-operation group, a model group, a medication group and a cluster needling group, 15 rats in each one. In the model group, the medication group and the cluster needling group, the models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were established by the orienteering injection with Aβ1-42 in the bilateral hippocampal CA1 in the rats. In the sham-operation group, the distilled water was injected in bilateral hippocampus of rats. In the medication group, the lavage with aricept was adopted for the basic treatment, once a day, for 4 weeks consecutively. In the cluster needling group, on the base of the treatment as the medication group, the cluster needling at the scalp points was adopted, once a day, 6 times a week, for 4 weeks totally. In the sham-operation group and the model group, the normal feeding was provided. After intervention, the learning and memory ability was measured with Morris water maze in the rats of each group. The changes in the hippocampal gross structure were observed with HE staining. The changes in the positive expressions of hippocampal ChAT and AchE were determined with the immunohistochemical method.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham-operation group, the escape latency was prolonged and the percentage of the second quadrant and the frequency of platform leaping were reduced in the rats of the model group (all 0.05) and the expression of AchE was reduced (<0.05) in the medication group; the expression of ChAT was increased (<0.05) and that of AchE decreased (<0.01) in the cluster needling group. Compared with the medication group, the expression of ChAT was increased and that of AchE decreased in the cluster needling group (both <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The effect mechanism of cluster needling at the scalp points on AD could be related to the up-regulation of ChAT expression and down-regulation of AchE expression in the hippocampus. The combined treatment with the cluster needling and aricept achieves the better therapeutic effect on AD.

Risk assessments for osteoporotic fracture and refracture / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and degenerative changes in the microstructure of bone tissue, leading to increased bone brittleness and fracture risk. Bone fracture after osteoporosis is the most common and serious complication, which often leads to serious consequences in cases of inadequate prevention and late diagnosis. Therefore, more attention should be paid to prevention of osteoporosis and risk assessment of fracture and refracture after osteoporosis. This paper reviews the research progress in risk assessment of fracture and refracture after osteoporosis from the aspects of imaging, clinical manifestations and laboratory examination indexes. In recent years, the imaging methods have developed from dual-energy X-ray absorption, trabecular bone scoring and CT to high resolution peripheral quantitative CT; concern for their clinical manifestations has developed from independent risk factors to fracture risk assessment tools; the laboratory tests have developed from bone turnover markers and serotonin to microRNA. Although these developments have consistently increased the sensitivity of risk assessment for fracture and refracture after osteoporosis, problems still exist and need to be resolved.

Risk assessments for osteoporotic fracture and refracture / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and degenerative changes in the microstructure of bone tissue,leading to increased bone brittleness and fracture risk.Bone fracture after osteoporosis is the most common and serious complication,which often leads to serious consequences in cases of inadequate prevention and late diagnosis.Therefore,more attention should be paid to prevention of osteoporosis and risk assessment of fracture and refracture after osteoporosis.This paper reviews the research progress in risk assessment of fracture and refracture after osteoporosis from the aspects of imaging,clinical manifestations and laboratory examination indexes.In recent years,the imaging methods have developed from dual-energy X-ray absorption,trabecular bone scoring and CT to high resolution peripheral quantitative CT;concern for their clinical manifestations has developed from independent risk factors to fracture risk assessment tools;the laboratory tests have developed from bone turnover markers and serotonin to microRNA.Although these developments have consistently increased the sensitivity of risk assessment for fracture and refracture after osteoporosis,problems still exist and need to be resolved.

Lung Involvement Is an Early Clue to Severe Dengue / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the differences of lung involvement between dengue and severe dengue.【Methods】227 dengue patients admitted in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2014 to October 2018 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics，treatment and outcome of the patients were analyzed to explore the differences of lung involvement between dengue and severe dengue （SD）. 【Results】 The rate of old age ，smoking ，hypertension，diabetes and cerebrovascular disease was higher in dengue with lung involvement group（DWLI）than dengue without lung involvement group（DWOLI）（χ2 were 25.146，3.847，10.326，7.177，and 5.355，P was 0.050 for smoking，the others were < 0.05）. The rate of cough and breathlessness was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 11.465 and 6.068，P were 0.001 and 0.014），as well as in SD subgroup（χ2 were 4.585 and 6.717，P were 0.032 and 0.010）. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were increased in DWLI（Z were - 2.591 and - 3.033，P were 0.010 and 0.002）. The rate of pleural effusion was higher in SD subgroup（χ2 = 4.987，P = 0.026）. Bilateral lung infiltration was correlated with SD（χ2 = 5.910，P =0.015）. The rate of acute liver injury，acute kidney injury and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome（MODS）was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 7.044，7.059，and 11.315，P were 0.008，0.008 and 0.001）. The rate of anti-virus，anti-bacteria and combined therapy was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 13.156，32.845，and 12.684，P all were < 0.001）.【Conclusion】Dengue patients who were with old age，smoking，or suffered from underlying disease of hypertension，diabetes and cerebrovascular disease were vulnerable to lung involvement. Cough，breathlessness，pleural effusion and bilateral lung infiltration were signs of severe dengue. Attention should be paid to dengue with lung involvement.

Development of a Molecular Marker for Fruiting Body Pattern in Auricularia auricula-judae

The fruiting body pattern is an important agronomic trait of the edible fungus Auricularia auricula-judae, and an important breeding target. There are two types of fruiting body pattern: the cluster type and the chrysanthemum type. We identified the fruiting body pattern of 26 test strains, and then constructed two different near-isogenic pools. Then, we developed sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) molecular markers associated with the fruiting body pattern based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Ten different bands (189–522 bp) were amplified using 153 pairs of SRAP primers. The SCAR marker “SCL-18” consisted of a single 522-bp band amplified from the cluster-type strains, but not the chrysanthemum strains. This SCAR marker was closely associated with the cluster-type fruiting body trait of A. auricula-judae. These results lay the foundation for further research to locate and clone genes controlling the fruiting body pattern of A. auricula-judae.

The Research of Effects of Applying Cataplasm of Paris Polyphylla Smith Var. Yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz on Acute Gouty Arthritis and Inflammation / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective This study is designed to improve topical medication in the Department of Orthopedics in Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine by applying cataplasm made from the active ingredient (polyphyllin) of Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz ("Dian Chonglou"in Chinese) and to study the mechanism of anti-inflammation. Methods SD male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and treatment group. The rats in two groups were all injected 50ul 5% sodium urate suspension into tibiotarsal joint cavity to duplicate the model of acute gouty arthritis.The rats in the control group were applied with cataplasm without polyphyllin, whereas those in the treatment group applied with cataplasm of polyphyllin. After 4,24,48,72 hours,the ankle diameter and circumference were measured. ELISA was used to test the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) andtumor necrosis factor (TNF) in peripheral blood. Western blotting was applied to detect the changes in TLR4 expression of monocyte.Results Compared with the control group, the added value of the diameter and circumference of ankle decreased significantly in the treatment group 4, 24,48 and 72 h after the treatment.IL-1β in the treatment group was lowered at 4,24 and 72 h. TLR4in the treatment group decreased at 48 h. Conclusion Cataplasm with polyphyllin can alleviate the acute inflammatory reaction in gouty joint of rat by reducing the expression of IL-1βand TLR4.

Preparation and identification of rabbit anti-marmoset IgG-HRP conjugate antibody / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To purify marmoset serum IgG, prepare and identify the antiserum and the rabbit anti-marmoset antibody IgG-HRP (horseradish peroxidase). Methods Using SDS-PAGE analysis to identify the serum IgG from HiTrapTM Protein G. The antiserum titer was determined by double immunodiffusion assay. The rabbit anti-marmoset IgG was labeled with HRP by improved sodium periodate method. ELISA and western blotting were used to evaluate the concentration and specificity of rabbit anti-marmoset IgG-HRP. Results The purity of purified marmoset serum IgG determined by SDS-PAGE was higher than 95% , and the anti-serum titer of the anti-marmoset IgG polyclonal antibody was 1∶64. The concentration of rabbit anti-marmoset IgG-HRP identified by direct ELISA was 1∶256 000, and that by western-blotting was 1∶15 000, with a strong specificity. Conclusions The IgG-HRP marker antibody is prepared and the specificity and concentration are identified by ELISA and western blotting. It reserves the resources for the detection system of marmoset pathogens and the molecular immunological testing system.

Effects of transport and storage conditions on the nucleic acid detection for three kinds of mouse RNA viral samples / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of transport and storage conditions on the detection of pathogenic nucleic acid MHV, Reo-3, MNV in laboratory mouse cecal contents samples. Methods MHV, Reo-3 and MNV were mixed with mouse cecal contents and used as reference samples,respectively. They were placed in the lysis buffer of RNA extraction reagent(buffer AVL)or normal saline, and stored at 4℃ and room temperature(22℃-25℃). RNA of these samples was extracted at 1,2,3,7,and 14 days. Then the amount of nucleic acid in samples was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results A greater decrease of the amount of nucleic acid was observed when the samples were placed in normal saline than that kept in buffer AVL. The amount of nucleic acid in samples stored at 4℃ was found to be higher than that stored at 25℃ room temperature. The amount of nucleic acid in the samples which were kept in buffer AVL at 4℃ for 3 days was higher than 50%,still detectable in the samples kept for 7 days,and undetectable at 14 days. Conclusions Mouse cecal content samples are preferably stored in the lysis buffer of RNA extraction reagent and transported at 4℃ for the detection of MHV, Reo-3, and MNV nucleic acid. It is better to complete the detection test within 3 days.

Chemical constituent cluster of decoction of Sanguisorbae Radix by HPLC-IT-TOF/MS / 中草药

Objective: To analyze the chemical constituent cluster of decoction of Sanguisorba Radix systemically by HPLC-IT-TOF/MS. Methods: The samples were scanned by broad spectrum of DAD detector and ionized in negative and positive environment of electron spray ionization. Results: A total of 82 chemical constituents (include isomers) were identified based on exact molecular mass, fragment, ultraviolet spectrum as well as the combination of the database. The chemical constituent cluster was composed of 69 phenolics, 8 triterpenes, 3 flavonoids, an organic acid, and a monoterpene glycoside, of which citric acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester-5-O-sulfate, isorhamnetin-sulfate, and methylellagic acid-sulfate, et al were firstly found in Sanguisorba Radix. Conclusion: The systemical analysis of the chemical constituent cluster of decoction of Sanguisorba Radix was able to supply a clear material basis for the further study of efficacy and pharmaceutical metabolism of Sanguisorba Radix.

Monitoring and analysis of malignant tumor in Haishu / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the incidence and death of malignant tumors in Haishu District during 2011 to 2016, and to provide reference for the formulation and adjustment of prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods From the chronic disease monitoring system of Zhejiang Province, the data of the death report of residents in Haishu district and the monitoring report of chronic disease were obtained for 2011 to 2016 years. The mortality of malignant tumor, incidence of malignant tumor, and survival rate of malignant tumor in residents were statistically analyzed. Results The mortality of malignant tumor in Haishu district from 2011 to 2016 was 182.00/100, 000 to 215.43/100, 000, however the malignant tumor mortality rate of males were significantly higher than females (P<0.01) . Malignant tumor was the first death cause of residents in Haishu district, and the death rate of malignant tumor accounted for over 30％ of all deaths. The average life expectancy loss of residents was 4.36 years due to cancer. The incidence of malignant tumor increased with age (P<0.01), and males were significantly higher than females in 2011 and 2012 (P<0.05), however there was no significantly difference between male and female after 2012 (P>0.05) . The top five deaths of malignant tumors were lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, and the incidence of these five malignant tumors from high to low was lung cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer. The five year survival rate from high to low was colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, respectively. Conclusion Malignant tumor has become the main cause of threat to the life and health of residents in Haishu district. It is suggested to strengthen the screening of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Pharmaceutical Care of One Case with Pulmonary Infection and Impaired Immune Function / 医药导报

Objective To investigate the mode and effects of clinical pharmacists participating in clinical treatment and providing pharmaceutical care. Methods The clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of the case of thymoma complicated with pulmonary infection in respiratory intensive care unit (RICU),associated with the myasthenia gravis (MG), pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and lower extremity deep vein thrombolysis (LEDVT),through adjustment of drug regimen, observation of curative effect,monitoring blood drug concentration and adverse reaction and interaction monitoring,which could give full play to the professional expertise of pharmacy,and contribute to the clinical rational drug use. Results For patients with impaired immune function complicated with pulmonary infection,the opportunistic infections require special attention,during the initial anti-infective therapy.When the patient was unable to tolerate high doses of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP),the clinical pharmacist recommended to use caspofungin for the combined treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia.When voriconazole and cyclosporine A (CsA) were used at the same time,the blood drug concentration of CsA would be increased,due to drug interactions probably.To solve the problem,clinical pharmacists recommended a temporary reduction in CsA dose. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists use pharmaceutical expertise to help optimize clinical treatment regimens,can improve the safety and effectiveness of drug treatment.

Comparison of different detection methods of monkey B virus antibody / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective Monkey B virus(BV), also known as Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1,is an important zoonotic pathogen.According to the national standard, antibodies are detected using BV as an antigen.However, the preparation of BV antigen is very stricted due to biosafety issues.Therefore, in this study, we used alternative antigens to detect the BV antibody by serological assay and verified their specifity and sensitivity.Methods A total of 135 blood samples from rhesus monkeys were tested by two ELISA method (BV and HVP2) and enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA)method.The positive and suspicious samples were verified by immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA), Western blot and immunoblotting technique using HSV-1 gC1 purified glycoprotein as an antigen.Results The positive rates of HVP2-ELISA, BV-ELISA and HSV-1-EIA were 32.6%, 37.8% and 34.8%, respectively.Consistant result of the three detection method accounted for 91.1% (123/135), and the positive result were confirmed by IFA And WB.There were 12 suspicious samples,in which 33.3% (4/12) were verified to be positive.Conclusions Compared with BV antigen, the sensitivity and specificity of the alternative antigen HSV-1 are moe close than HVP2.Positive and suspicious samples should be verified by several method to avoid missed detection.

Consideration of the virological items in the National Standard of Laboratory Animals / 中国比较医学杂志

Based on the practice in laboratory animal monitoring, the following issues are suggested: ( 1 ) The core items and candidate items should be separated in the National Standard;(2) Hantaan virus and Ect virus should be omitted in the core list for mice; LCMV should be monitored as a candidate item for rats; TMEV should be listed as candidate item.

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Tamsulosin versus Nifedipine and Racanisodamine in the Treatment of Lower Ureteral Calculi / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin or nifedipine or racanisodamine in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi. METHODS:160 patients with lower ureteral calculi were randomly divided into group A(40 cases),group B(40 cases),group C(40 cases)and group D(40 cases). All patients drank plenty of water to make daily urine output more than 2 000 ml. Based on it,group A orally received 0.4 mg Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release capsule,once a day. Group B orally received 10 mg Nifedipine tablet,3 times a day. Group C orally received 10 mg racanisodamine tablet,3 times a day. Group D received no other drugs except for increasing drinking. The treatment course for all groups was 2 weeks. Clinical efficacy,litha-gogue time,lithagogue size,residual calculi size and the incidence of adverse reactions in all groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in group A was higher than group C,which was higher than group B and group D,the differences were sta-tistically significant(P0.05). Lithagogue size in group A was more than group C,which was more than group B and group D,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05). Residual cal-culi size in group A was less than group B,which was less than group C and group D,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). And there were no severe adverse reactions in all groups. CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy of tamsulosin is superior to nifedipine and racanisodamine in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi,while nifedipine and racanisodamine show similar effica-cy,with better safety.