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Objective:To systematically review the adverse events and relatedfactors ofmindfulness-based stress reduction therapy(MBSR)and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT).Methods:By searching the randomized controlled trails of adverse events and adverse effects of MBSR and MBCT from PubMed,CINAHL,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,Proquest,ScienceDirect,PsycINFO databases and unpublished studies and grey literature,and traces the references and related journals of the included studies.The databases were searched from inception to June 1,2022.Meta analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 softwareto calculate combined odds radio(OR)and 95％CI.Results:Fifteen literatures with a total of 2 841 subjects were included in the study.The results of meta-analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse events or adverse reactions between theMBSR and MBCT group and the control group(OR=2.48,95％CI:1.09-1.61,P＜0.05).The mindfulness-based intervention methods(only MBSR,OR=9.04,95％CI:5.34-15.30),the un-derlying diseases of the participants(complicated with mental disorders,OR=1.49,95％CI:1.12-1.97;compli-cated with physical diseases,OR=8.65,95％CI:5.17-14.45),exercise intensity(once a week for 8 weeks,each time more than 2 hours,OR=1.43,95％CI:1.04-1.96)and the level of mindfulness therapists(did not underg-one standardized training,OR=1.96,95％CI:1.20-3.23)were factors that may affect the occurrence of adverse events or adverse reactions in the process of MBSR and MBCT.Conclusion:During the MBSR and MBCT thera-py,there may be occur adverse events or adverse effects.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of aerobic exercise intervention in schizophrenia patients.Methods:Randomized controlled trials on exercise interventions for patients with schizophrenia were searched in eight databases from built up to March 2023, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), WanFang Data, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science. The positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and its sub-scales were used as primary outcome indicators, and the negative symptom scale (SANS) and body mass index (BMI) were used as secondary indicators, and Meta-analysis was performed using R 4.1.0 and Stata 14.0.Results:Forty-seven studies including 3 139 patients with schizophrenia were included. Results of a network Meta-analysis based on 24 studies showed that aerobic exercise may be the most effective measure for reducing total PANSS scores in patients with schizophrenia. Compared to conventional treatment, combining aerobic exercise intervention improved patients' PANSS total score (MD= -5.09, 95% CI: -5.90~-4.28), SANS (MD= -12.17, 95% CI: -14.25~-10.10), and BMI (MD=-1.59, 95% CI: -1.93~-1.25). Meanwhile, subgroup analysis showed that 2 months of intervention was more appropriate (MD=-6.12, 95% CI: -7.22~-5.02) and the weekly total exercise time for 140-260 min was more appropriate (MD=-8.59, 95% CI: -12.93~-4.25) in terms of total PANSS score. The adherence rates between the trial and control groups showed no significant difference between the aerobic exercise intervention combined with conventional treatment and conventional treatment alone( P>0.05). Conclusion:Aerobic exercise intervention is an effective measure to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia patients and has good compliance among inpatients.
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Objective:To evaluate the association of cognitive function,clinical symptoms,and plasma C-reac-tive protein(CRP)level in patients with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder(trOCD).Methods:Fif-ty-five patients with trOCD,45 patients with non-trOCD,and 65 normal controls were enrolled.The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale(YBOCS),Hamilton depression scale,Hamilton anxiety scale,MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB)were used to evaluate the OCD,depressive or anxious clinical symptoms,as well as cognitive function,in above-mentioned subjects.The plasma CRP level were examined by using the latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry methods in three groups.Results:Compared with the other two groups,the MCCB cognition scores,especially information processing speed,working memory,inferential knowledge and problem-solving skills were higher in the trOCD group,respectively(Ps＜0.05).The plasma CRP level and percentage of cases with high CRP level(≥3 mg/L)in the trCOD group were higher than those in other two groups(P＜0.05).However,difference of MCCB and its factorial scores revealed no statistical significances in non-trOCD group(Ps＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that potential risk factors of treatment-resistant OCD including,more obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OR=2.01),higher severity of OCD(OR=2.29),lower MCCB total scores(OR=4.01),higher plasma CRP level(OR=4.24),and longer disease course of OCD(OR=3.23)(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Impaired cognitive function,high plasma C-reactive protein level,may be associated with more obsessive-compul-sive symptoms,higher severity of OCD,as well as long disease course of OCD.
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The radial migration of cortical pyramidal neurons (PNs) during corticogenesis is necessary for establishing a multilayered cerebral cortex. Neuronal migration defects are considered a critical etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), schizophrenia, epilepsy, and intellectual disability (ID). TRIO is a high-risk candidate gene for ASDs and ID. However, its role in embryonic radial migration and the etiology of ASDs and ID are not fully understood. In this study, we found that the in vivo conditional knockout or in utero knockout of Trio in excitatory precursors in the neocortex caused aberrant polarity and halted the migration of late-born PNs. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that the interaction of the Trio N-terminal SH3 domain with Myosin X mediated the adherence of migrating neurons to radial glial fibers through regulating the membrane location of neuronal cadherin (N-cadherin). Also, independent or synergistic overexpression of RAC1 and RHOA showed different phenotypic recoveries of the abnormal neuronal migration by affecting the morphological transition and/or the glial fiber-dependent locomotion. Taken together, our findings clarify a novel mechanism of Trio in regulating N-cadherin cell surface expression via the interaction of Myosin X with its N-terminal SH3 domain. These results suggest the vital roles of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (GEF1) and GEF2 domains in regulating radial migration by activating their Rho GTPase effectors in both distinct and cooperative manners, which might be associated with the abnormal phenotypes in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Humans , Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism , Cell Movement/genetics , Interneurons/metabolism , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics , Neurons/metabolism , Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To provide reference for domestic colleagues by introducing the contents of the discipline construction of the National Clinical Research Center for mental disorders.Methods:By reviewing the original intention of the construction of the National Clinical Research Centers initiated by many ministries and departments, taking into account of the actual construction practice at hospital level in the field of mental disorders, this paper discusses the discipline construction of the National Clinical Research Center.Results:From the aspects of construction goals, purposes, overall operation modes, construction of collaborative innovation research network, the paper clarifies the concrete measures of the construction of the center.Conclusions:Through the evaluation of the current situation, the National Clinical Research Center for mental disorders has defined the focus of the construction: to build a management platform and two professional platforms, in order to provide support for the development of high-quality and high-level clinical research, and provide support for the transformation of clinical medicine.
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Neuronal polarity is involved in multiple developmental stages, including cortical neuron migration, multipolar-to-bipolar transition, axon initiation, apical/basal dendrite differentiation, and spine formation. All of these processes are associated with the cytoskeleton and are regulated by precise timing and by controlling gene expression. The P-Rex1 (phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1) gene for example, is known to be important for cytoskeletal reorganization, cell motility, and migration. Deficiency of P-Rex1 protein leads to abnormal neuronal migration and synaptic plasticity, as well as autism-related behaviors. Nonetheless, the effects of P-Rex1 overexpression on neuronal development and higher brain functions remain unclear. In the present study, we explored the effect of P-Rex1 overexpression on cerebral development and psychosis-related behaviors in mice. In utero electroporation at embryonic day 14.5 was used to assess the influence of P-Rex1 overexpression on cell polarity and migration. Primary neuron culture was used to explore the effects of P-Rex1 overexpression on neuritogenesis and spine morphology. In addition, P-Rex1 overexpression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice was used to assess psychosis-related behaviors. We found that P-Rex1 overexpression led to aberrant polarity and inhibited the multipolar-to-bipolar transition, leading to abnormal neuronal migration. In addition, P-Rex1 overexpression affected the early development of neurons, manifested as abnormal neurite initiation with cytoskeleton change, reduced the axon length and dendritic complexity, and caused excessive lamellipodia in primary neuronal culture. Moreover, P-Rex1 overexpression decreased the density of spines with increased height, width, and head area in vitro and in vivo. Behavioral tests showed that P-Rex1 overexpression in the mouse mPFC caused anxiety-like behaviors and a sensorimotor gating deficit. The appropriate P-Rex1 level plays a critical role in the developing cerebral cortex and excessive P-Rex1 might be related to psychosis-related behaviors.
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Objective To explore the association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism and birth body mass with the vulnerability of autism in Chinese Han population. Methods Totally 1 505 children with au-tism have been recruited,using the diagnosis and statistical manual,4th revised version ( DSM-IV-R) diag-nostic criteria for autism. And 1 308 healthy control subjects sex matched with the children with autism were enrolled for the study. All the participants were identified the birth body mass ( kg) according to the birth medical recording. All the subjects were examined the MTHFR C677T genotypes,using the polymerase chain reaction- restrict fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. The frequencies of genotypes,alleles and birth body mass were compared between autism and healthy control groups using the chi-square and other tests. Results The MTHFR C677T (P=0. 004,OR=1. 18,95% CI=1. 02-1. 29),low birth body mass (<2. 5 kg) (P=0. 001,OR=1. 04,95%CI=1. 02-1. 06),and their interactive effects ( P=0. 0001,OR=2. 18,95%CI=1. 44-3. 32) were associated with the vulnerability of autism. Conclusions The MTHFR C677T polymorphism,low birth body mass and their interactive effects might be associated with susceptibility of autism in Chinese Han population.
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Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have identified widespread and progressive grey matter volume (GMV) reductions in schizophrenia, especially in the frontal lobe. In this study, we found a progressive GMV decrease in the rostral medial frontal cortex (rMFC, including the anterior cingulate cortex) in the patient group during a 6-week follow-up of 40 patients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls well-matched for age, gender, and education. The higher baseline GMV in the rMFC predicted better improvement in the positive score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and this might be related to the improved reality-monitoring. Besides, a higher baseline GMV in the posterior rMFC predicted better remission of general symptoms, and a lesser GMV reduction in this region was correlated with better remission of negative symptoms, probably associated with ameliorated self-referential processing and social cognition. Besides, a shorter disease course and higher educational level contributed to better improvement in the general psychopathological PANSS score, and a family history was negatively associated with improvement of the negative and total PANSS scores. These phenomena might be important for understanding the neuropathological mechanisms underlying the symptoms of schizophrenia and for making clinical decisions.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Antipsychotic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Frontal Lobe , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Gray Matter , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Longitudinal Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Organ Size , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Regression Analysis , Schizophrenia , Diagnostic Imaging , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Pathology , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The ZNF804A variant rs1344706 has consistently been associated with schizophrenia and plays a role in hippocampal-prefrontal functional connectivity during working memory. Whether the effect exists in the resting state and in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the ZNF804A polymorphism at rs1344706 in 92 schizophrenic patients and 99 healthy controls of Han Chinese descent, and used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the functional connectivity in the participants. We found a significant main effect of genotype on the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the hippocampus and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in both schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. The homozygous ZNF804A rs1344706 genotype (AA) conferred a high risk of schizophrenia, and also exhibited significantly decreased resting functional coupling between the left hippocampus and right DLPFC (F(2,165) = 13.43, P < 0.001). The RSFC strength was also correlated with cognitive performance and the severity of psychosis in schizophrenia. The current findings identified the neural impact of the ZNF804A rs1344706 on hippocampal-prefrontal RSFC associated with schizophrenia.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Analysis of Variance , Functional Laterality , Genetics , Genotype , Hippocampus , Diagnostic Imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors , Genetics , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neural Pathways , Diagnostic Imaging , Neuropsychological Tests , Oxygen , Blood , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Genetics , Prefrontal Cortex , Diagnostic Imaging , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Schizophrenia , Diagnostic Imaging , Genetics , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor genes cluster on chromosome 15q12 with autism in Chinese Han population.Methods:Totally 502 autism trios of Chinese Han ethnicity (including 502 autism individuals and 1004 healthy biological parents) were selected.All children met the autism diagnosis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth edition (DSM-Ⅳ).Genotyping for 15 selected tag SNPs in three GABAA receptor genes (GABRB3,GABRA5,and GABRG3) was performed using Agena Bioscience MassARRAY platform.The family-based association test for 15 tag SNPs was performed to compare the transmitted frequency of al leles of heterozygous genotypes from parents to offspring in autism trios.Results:The C allele of rs7180500 in GABRG3 and the A allele of rs4906902 in GABRB3 exhibited the preferential transmission from parents to affected offspring (Z =3.573,P ＜0.001;Z =3.141,P =0.002),and the association was significant after Bonferroni correction.Conclusion:It suggests that GABRG3 and GABRB3 which located in chromosome 15q12 might be susceptibility genes in Chinese Han population.