Clinical analysis of low-dose decitabine combined with CAG regimen in treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes patients with intermediate- or high-risk / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the clinical value of low-dose decitabine (DAC) in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with intermediate-or high-risk. Methods Low-dose DAC (10 mg/d, 7 days) combined with CAG regimen were given to 19 elderly patients with AML and intermediate- or high-risk MDS patients. The efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated after a course of treatment, and the patients were followed up for survival. Results After a course of treatment, 8 patients achieved complete remission (CR), 7 patients achieved partial remission (PR). After 4 courses of treatment, 68.4 % (13/19) of patients achieved CR, the overall response rate reached 78.9% (15/19). Fewer side effects were seen associated with chemotherapy. After 42 months of follow-up, there were 12 survival cases, the median survival time was 13.5 months (3-42 months). Conclusion Low-dose DAC combined with CAG regimen have a better efficacy, higher safety, and lower economic burden for elderly AML patients and intermediate- or high-risk MDS patients, which is beneficial to greatly improve patients' compliance.

Biological characteristics and clinical implications of CALR mutations in classic myeloproliferative neoplasms / 白血病·淋巴瘤

CALR mutations are discovered in classic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) as a new biomarker very recently.CALR mutations occur in about 20 ％-35 ％ essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis and are associated with some clinical features and favorable prognostic impact.This article reviews biological characteristics and clinical implications of CALR mutations in classic MPN.

Large granular lymphocyte leukemia: three cases report and review of the literature / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and methods of diagnosis and treatment of granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL).Methods Clinical data of 3 patients with LGLL were retrospectively analyzed and relevant literature was reviewed.Results 3 patients were all onset with lymphocytosis,whose conditions progressed slowly.The diagnosis of 2 patients was T-LGLL with immunological characteristics of CD3+ CD4 CD8+ CD56-CD57+.The other patient' s diagnosis was NK-LGLL,whose immunological characteristic was CD3-CD4-CD8-CD56+ CD57-.Two of them didn' t need any treatment.One of them was treated with cyclosporine because of agranulocytosis and recurrent infection.Conclusions LGLL is a group of heterogeneous diseases,which clinical characteristic and prognosis are different.Flow cytometric immunopheotype,TCR Vβ analysis and TCR gene rearrangement are helpful to diagnosis.

The value of flow cytometry in diagnosis and subclassification of non-Hodgldn lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To evaluate the utility of flow cytometry (FCM) in diagnosis and subclassification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Methods The samples of lymph nodes biopsy from 59 cases clinically suspected of NHL were detected by flow cytometry; and clonal lymphocytes and their immunophenotypes were identified analyzed. The concordance between the results of flow cytometry and histopathology was analyzed. Results Among the 59 cases, flow cytometry was able to identify aberrant clonal lymphocytes in 24 of 28 NHL cases identified by histopathology, the neoplastic lymphocytes ranged from 4.28 % to 89.10 %; 23 cases were diagnosed as B-NHL and 1 case was diagnosed as T-NHL. Compared with histopathology, the accuracy of FCM was 85.71% in diagnosis of NHL. The specificity and sensitivity of FCM was 100 % and 92% in diagnosis of B-NHL. The accuracy of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in classification of 24 cases of NHL was consistent with that of histopathology. Conclusion Flow cytometry could be an ancillary technique in diagnosis of NHL by identifying aberrant clonal lymphocytes, and enable identification of B-NHL subtype.

The decrease of CD4~+ T cells of patients with SARS in early stage and its clinical significance / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To observe the change of CD4 + T cells of SARS patients in early stage of disease and determine its clinical significance on the progress of disease and therapy selection.Methods:Detection the absolute counts of T cell subset from the peripheral blood samples of 52 SARS patients in initial 10 days' duration by Flow cytometry.Serial frontal chest radiographs had done and the progression of disease was observed during the treatment of all patients.Results:The 34 cases among the 52 patients were in normal range of CD4 + cell absolute count.At the same time,their pulmonary lesions were in limited degree and the states of an illness were stabilization and the pulmonary lesions were absorbed quickly.Therefore they reuired the treatment without corticosteroids.The other 18 patients were with low CD4 + cell absolute count, of which 13 cases showed progressive deterioation of radiographic change and were treated with corticosteroids additional.The other 5 cases with the mild low of absolute count of CD4 + cells were also static during the period of observation,and no treatment with coticosteroids.There was statistically significant relation between two groups(P=0 000).The results of Pearson correlate analysis between absolute count of CD4 + cells and pulmonary lesions were r=-0 737;P=0 000;The result between absolute count of CD4 + cells and corticosteroids treatment were r=-0 573;P=0 000.Conclusion:Peripheral blood CD4 + cell absolute counts of SARS patients on early stage of onset were negatively related to the degree of pulmonary lesions.The patients with remarkable decrease of CD4 + cell were in need of treatment with corticosteroids.