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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for women with advanced gestational age but normal measurement for nuchal translucency (NT).@*METHODS@#A total of 9371 singleton pregnancies with negative NT screening at early pregnancy were reviewed. Among these, 8627 cases were selected to be screened again by NIPT, and their indications and results were analyzed. The results were compared with those of with other high risk factors and young gestational age.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of fetal aneuploidies increased in women with advanced gestational age and ultrasound soft markers, in particular among those who were negative for NT screening but over the age of 37. The detection rate of pathological or likely pathological copy number variations was 1.88% among women who directly underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis because of the advanced age, but there was no correlation with the increase of age. 0.68% of the women where with negative NT screening and NIPT still need to undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis.@*CONCLUSION@#After NT screening in early pregnancy, NIPT can replace invasive prenatal diagnosis for those below the age of 37, though there is still a possibility of missed detection of pathogenic copy number variation. It is necessary to strengthen ultrasonic monitoring in later period.
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Objective · To evaluate the association between the abnormal maternal serum markers of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in the second trimester screening and the adverse obstetric outcomes other than trisomy 21 (T21),trisomy 18 (T18) and open neural tube defects (ONTD), and to provide local data for supporting evidence based clinical managements. Methods · A retrospective cohort study was performed in the women who received second trimester maternal serum screening in the International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital between 2012 and 2014, with naturally conceived singleton pregnancies. Obstetric outcomes were followed up by searching electronic medical records within the hospital. Abnormal level of marker was defined as a MOM value ≥ 99th (P99) or ≤ 1st percentile (P1) of the overall screened population. Incidence of an adverse obstetric outcome was compared between the groups with abnormal markers and the control with all markers in normal. Results · ① A total of 25616 pregnancies were included in this study, in which 4526 were identified as having various adverse obstetric outcomes. Among them 4143 pregnancies were with isolated and 383 pregnancies were with co-occurring two or more adverse outcomes. ② When compared to pregnancies with normal levels of all three serum markers, pregnancies with decreased AFP or decreased hCG did not show associations with any adverse obstetric outcomes. However, pregnancies with increased AFP, increased hCG or decreased uE3 were at increased risk for a variety of abnormal pregnancy outcome. In 18 pregnancies with an outcome of fetal chromosomal abnormalities other than T21 and T18, 9 presented with either increased AFP, increased hCG or decreased uE3, with relative risk ratios of 13.33、35.00 and 59.00, respectively. ③ The performance of those markers tended to be improved in a subset of adverse obstetric outcomes, including low birth weight
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Objective To study the ultrastructure of the anterior cruciate ligament.Methods Specimens were procured from seven patients with arthroscopy and observed under scanning and transmission electron microscope. Results Fibrils of normal anterior cruciate ligament arrayed in compact parallel form with waviness.Connecting fibers existed between fibrils.Diameters of fibrils were different with range of 30nm to 60nm mostly.Fibroblasts were distributed along with the fibrils.Active cells excrete filamentous collagen fibrils.Conclusion The ultrastructure of the anterior cruciate ligament was correlated with its function status.Mature fibroblasts existed in the ligament.
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Objective:In the past study, a plasmid of pcDNA3 hCG? C3d3 had been constructed. It was suggested that the fusing protein be expressed by the pcDNA3 hCG? C3d3 plasmid both in the transient expression system in COS 7 cells, and the stable expression system in CHO cells. In the present research, it would be testified that the C3d molecular adjuvant could improve the immunogenicity of the hCG? DNA immunization or not. Methods:BALB/C mice of 6 weeks old were immunized intramuscularly two times at interval of 3 weeks by the plasmid pcDNA3, pcDNA3 hCG?, pcDNA3 hCG? C3d3 at dosage of 5, 10, 20 pmol, respectively. The anti hCG? antibody titers were determined by indirect ELISA in 6 weeks of last immunization. Results:The result showed that the C3d molecular adjuvant could increase significantly the titer of anti hCG? antibody in a dose dependent manner after DNA immunization.Conclusion:The C3d molecular adjuvant does improve the humoral immunity of the hCG? DNA immunization, which would be helpful for technical progress and clinical trial of the contraceptive vaccine. [