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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the simultaneous inhibition of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and survivin expression on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasiion of pancreatic cancer cells Panc-1, and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#On the established human pancreatic cancer cells Panc-1-XS, the expression of XIAP and survivin was inhibited simultaneously. Cell invasion and migration were detected by Transwell chamber experiments and scratch test, and the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, mesenchymal markers Slug, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and P-Akt protein was determined by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Cell invasion and migration of Panc-1-XS cells decreased significantly, accompanied by significantly upregulated protein expression of E-cadherin, and significantly declined protein expression of the Slug, indicating increased mesenchymal-epithelial conversion (MET); and increased protein expression of PTEN, and declined protein expression of P-Akt.@*CONCLUSION@#Simultaneously inhibiting the expression of XIAP and survivin can partially reverse EMT phenotype of pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells, which then significantly reduces the cell invasion and migration of Panc-1 cell lines. This process may be regulated by PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Humans , Antigens, CD , Cadherins , Metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Genetics , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Neoplasm Invasiveness , PTEN Phosphohydrolase , Metabolism , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Pathology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Snail Family Transcription Factors , Survivin , Transcription Factors , Metabolism , X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the mechanism of LMWH therapy for SAP.Methods 48 wistar rats were random divided into 3 groups,sham group(S group),severe acute pancreatitis group(SAP group)and LMWH therapy group(H group).Serum amylase,IL-6,acinar cell apoptosis and the activity of NF-κB were detected and compared.Results The expression of amylase and IL-6 in SAP group was significantly higher than that in H group(P＜0.01).The apoptosis index of acinar cell in SAP group wag significantly lower than that in H group(P＜0.01),while the activity of NF-κB in SAP groupwas stronger than that in H group.Conclusions LMWH therapy may ameliorate SAP by inducing acinar cell apoptosis through suppressing the activity of NF-κB.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the ultrastructure and gallstone recurrence after cholecystolithotomy.Methods By implanting human cholesterol gallstone into the gallbladder of rabbits, the ultrasructure of the gallbladder was observed with scanning eleetron microscope and transmission electron microscope,3 months before and after cholecystolithotomy.Results ln the stone-implanted group,the epithelium cells were massively damaged,nuclei karyopyknosis,mitochondria destroyed, and phagolysosomes increased. After the gallstone removal, the epitheliune cells did not recover completely where exposed connective tissues and covering surface by mucus. In cytoplasm, the lysosome decreased, and mucus granules secretion increased and actively secreted into the gallbladder lumen.Conclusions The pathologic changes of chronic cholecystitis caused by implanting stones in rabbits is similar to that of the chronic calculous cholecystitis in human.The basic cause of gallstone recurrence after cholecystolithotomy might be that the ultrastructural changes not be restored and the mucus secretion increased obviously in gallbladder.
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Objective To explore the effect of endovascular treatment on Stanford type B aortic dissection. Methods The clinical data of 12 cases of Stanford type B aortic dissection were analysed retrospectively. Results All the cases were male, the age ranged from 40-68 years with a mean of 52.1 years. Among the 12cases, 10 patients underwent endoluminal treatment, the instant technique was successfully performed in 10 patients. Endoleak happened in 1 case because of the stent-graft deployment, but automatically stopped 3 days later. In other 9 patients, Angiography after the operation showed that all the rupture areas were sealed completely, and the celiac arteries blood supply were recovered via the true lumen and no blood stream was shown in the false cavity. 2 patients received conservative treatment died, one died of failure of respiration and another died of rupture of the dissection. Conclusions In the treatment of Stanford B type aortic dissection, if the selection of the patient is correct, endoluminal technique is much simple, safe, less trauma, and less complications as compared to the traditional operation, and it can also shorten the hospital stay of the patient. Conservative treatment can not control the development of the diseases, and easily results in death of the patient.
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Objective To study the operative procedure for stage III and IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods A crescent shape excision on the edges of multiple hepatic segments followed by a 'skirt edge′ form hepatoenterostomy to drain the multiple hepatic ducts was used to treat unresectable stage III,IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma, . Results (1)the mean survival time was 15.65 months;(2)the patient comfortable index was 81.5%;(4)there was no operative death in the series. Conclusions The 'skirt edge' form hepatoenterostomy is a feasible and effective palliative method for unresectable stage III,IV cholangiocarcinoma.
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Objective To explore the treatment effects of low molecular weight heparine (LMWH) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Random analysis were made on the clinical features and therapeutic effect on the control treatment group (CT) in 65 cases and LMWH treatment group (LT) in 77 cases.Results 70(90 9%) cases were cured in LT group,and 48(73 8%) cases were cured in CT group. The incidence of complications in the LT group (28 6%, 22patients 45 times) was significantly lower than that in the CT group (60%,39patients 79 times)(P
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Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis on serum interleukin 1? (IL-1?) and tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF-?) levels in liver ischemic preconditioning (IP) in rats. Methods 169 rats were randomly divided into ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, IP group,L-arginine plus IP (L-Arg+IP) group and sham operation group (S group). The concentrations of plasma NO, serum IL-1? and TNF-? were measured at 2h, 24h and 1 week after models were set up. Results ⑴ Plasma NO concentrations: In group IP and group L-Arg+IP,the NO concentration at all the 3 time points were significantly higher than those in group S (P0 05). Conclusions Liver ischemic preconditioning could down-regulate the levels of blood IL-1? and TNF-?, which may relate to the increase of NO synthesis. The increase of NO synthesis could enlarge this down-regulation effect, and further enhance the protective effect of IP on the liver I/R injury.
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Objective To explore the effect of surgical comprehensive treatment(SCT) in treating primary liver cancer(PLC).Methods The clinical data of 108 patients with PLC undergoing SCT in XiangYa Hospital from January 1999 to September 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. The SCT including surgical resection ,radiofrequency ablation(RFA),transcatheter hepatic chemo-embolization(TACE),percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI),TACE via drug delivery system(DDS),cryosurgery,biological treatment,etc.Results The postoperative mortality was 0.9%, and the postoperative complications was 18.7%,intrahepatic recurrent rate and remote metastasis within 1 year after SCT were 56.1%,17.9%.The 1-,2-,3-year survival rate after SCT were 79.46%,61.83%,36.61%,respectively.Conclusions Liver resection combined with other treatment methods can cut down the rate of intrahepatic recurrence and remote metastasis, and can improve the tumor-free survival rate and long-term survival.
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Objective To study the protective effect of liver ischemic preconditioning on the extrahepatic organs injury induced by liver ischemia/repurfusion in rats. Methods Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into group IP,group I/R and group S (sham-operation group), each group had 24 rats. After ischemic preconditioning and ischemia/repurfusion animal models were set up,the pathological changes of small intestine, pancreas, myocardium, kidney, lung, brain and skeletal muscle tissues were observed at 2h,24h and 1week,respealively. Results (1) The degree(s) of small intestinal injury: at 2h and 24h, The injury in group IP and group I/R were significantly higher than that in group S (all P
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Objective To study the surgical treatment of major blood vessels invaded by tumors in order to raise the resection rate and postoperative survival rate. Methods Clinical data were analyzed on 26 patients undergoing (resection) of tumors along with reconstruction of major blood vessels from October 1998 to February 2004. Results Tweety-three cases were followed up for 2～65 months with median 42.8 months. Doppler ultrosonography and CTA examination were performed respectively during the follow-up process.In 5 patients with carcinoma of the head of pancreas who had inferior vein cava replaced and in 1 patient with cholangiocarcinoma who had portal vein replaced,3 were complicated with carcinoma embolism formation at 3,12 and 15 months respectively after surgery,(postoperative) graft patency was 50%;all of the 6 patients had recurrence of the tumor at 3,6,8,12,24 and 31 months respectively after surgery.Seven patients with tumor in pelvic cavity or in posterior space of peritoneum were followed up for about 2 years,1 of them had tumor recurrence ,but the graft kept patent,2 patients with sarcoma in the limbs were followed up for 1 year without tumor recurrence or vessel obstruction.Eleven patients with tumors in the neck were followed up for 3 months to 5 years without tumor recurrence or vessel obstruction. Conclusions (Combination) of resection of neoplasm and reconstruction of major blood vessels is safe,effective and practical method for patients with major wessels invaded by tumor.
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Objective To study the protein components of the secretion of the proximal trunk of transected peripheral nerve and the effect of the secretion on the growth of motor neuron.Methods After the sciatic nerves of rats were transected, the proximal trunk secretion collecting compartment (P-SCC), distal trunk SCC (D-SCC) and (proximal) plus distal trunk SCC (PD-SCC) were set up. The protein components of the solution in the 3 types SCC were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrum. And the effect of 3 kinds solution on the growth of motor neuron was tested by the motor neuron culture respectively. (Results) All the P-SCC, D-SCC and PD-SCC were filled with light yellow, clear fluids. The protein (concentration) was (5.45?1.2)mg/ml,(3.87?0.7)mg/ml and (5.68?1.5)mg/ml in the solution of PD-SCC, P-SCC and D-SCC (respectively). The protein patterns of the 3 solution were similar, and the detected (protein) spots were 1098?34,985?47 and 1021?36 spots in the solution of P+D-SCC, P-SCC and D-SCC (respectively). Most of the protein spots (distributed) in the rangs of MV 25-90KD and PH 4-8. The results of motor neuron culture demonstrate that the number of survival cells, cell area, neurite length and OD value of experimental groups(including mix group, (proximal) group and distal group) are generally higher than control group. But there is no obvious difference between the three experimental groups. Conclusions (1)The proximal trunk of transected sciatic nerve had the similar secretive ability as the distal nerve trunk.(2)(Protein) image of the 3 kinds of SCC solution showed that proteins from the three SCC solution were homologous. (3)All the 3 kinds of SCC solution could promote the growth and activity of motor neuron, and there was no difference in function between P-SCC and D-SCC solution.
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Objective To explore the surgical management for arterial diseases. Methods The clinical data of 86 cases of arterial diseases were analysed retrospectively. These cases included:3 cases of thoracic aortic aneurysm,2 cases of descending aortic dissection with rupture and aneurysm formation,2 cases of abdominal aortic dissection with false aneurysm,1 case of abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)with duodenojejunal fistula and GI bleeding,5 cases of ruptured AAA with shock, 3 cases of traumatic rupture of abdominal aorta,21 cases of AAA combined with unilateral or bilateral iliac aneurysms,6 cases of iliac aneurysms,9 cases of popliteal aneurysms,21 cases of false aneurysm of iliac or popliteal artery,1 case of rupture of junction of subclavian and vertebral artery with false aneurysm,3 cases of rupture of subclavian artery with false aneurysm,2 cases of aneurysm of carotid artery and 7 cases of false aneurysm of carotid artery. Prosthetic vascular graft was performed in 71(cases),autologous vein graft in 3 cases and suture(repair) of arterial rupture in 12 cases.Results Operative (mortalty) was 3.5%(3/86)in this series.Seventy-one cases were followed-up for 1 month to 5 years, the results showed that all the patients were alive and well.Conclusions In the(management) of(appropriate) aortic diseases, the use of endoluminal technique is simple, microtraumtic, safe and has few complications. It also can shorten the hospital stay of the patient. Endovascular technique should be the first choice for patients with aortic diseases.
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Objective To evaluate the result of autologous vein graft used as a conduit for repairing the iatrogenic recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) deficit.Methods Iatrogenic RLN deficit was repaired by using antogeneous vein graft as a conduit in 17 patients. RLN deficit occurred in right side in 5 cases, in left side in 12. Results The RLN injuries were located within 2 cm below the point of RLN entering throat in 16 cases(94 1%), near the inferior thyroid artery in 1(5 9%). The length of RLN deficit was between 0 5～4 cm. Among the 17 cases, 16(94 1%) were followed up for more than 1 5 years. Of them, normal phonation was achieved in 12 cases(75 0%), significantly improved in 3(18 8%) and slightly improved in 1(6 2%).Among the 15 cases who received indirect or direct laryngoscopy, the affected vocal cord movement entirely recovered in 4 cases(26 7%), partially recovered in 3(20 0%), unchanged in 8(53 3%) Conclusions Autogeneous vein graft is ideal for repairing RLN deficit.
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0.05).(2)Serum ALT,AST and LDH:After reperfusion,the values of ALT,AST,and LDH in IP group were significantly lower than those in I-R group(P
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Objective To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on kidney injury in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham operation (S) group,SAP group, and LMWH treatment (LT) group. In LT group LMWH was administrated 4 hours after SAP model establishment. The levels of serum amylase, creatinine (Cr) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?), renal morphological change, and the expression of p65 mRNA and protein in renal specimens were determined 24 hours after model establishment or LMWH treatment. Results The levels of serum amylase,Cr,TNF-? in SAP group were significantly higher than those in S group and LT group (all P0.05). The expression of p65 protein and mRNA of renal tissues in SAP group was significantly higher than that in S group and LT group (all P
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Objective To study the causes of thyroid reoperation and the prevention of operative (complications). Methods The clinical data of 96 cases who underwent reoperation of thyroid were (retrospctively) analysed. Results There were 31 cases of thyroid carcinoma(14.0%, P0.05). Conclusions Thyroid (reoperation) is more difficult than primary operation, and has a higher post-operative complications rate. (Thyroid) reoperation should be avoided or decreased, so the operator should do the best at the time of the (primary) operation, and timely reoperation should be performed when necessary. Thyroid reoperation should be performed carefully to decrease complications as much as possible.
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Objective To evaluate endoscopically insertion of feeding tube via nose(EIFTN). Method Jejunal feeding tube was placed endoscopically via the nose in all 136 coma patients. Results This procedure was successful in all patients. The procedure took an average time of 5 minutes. In patients with deep coma,the procedure had no influence on HR,MAP, ECG and SaO2; In semicoma patients, HR and R increased during the procedure (t=3.902, P
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Objective To summarize our experience in the prevention and treatment of iatrogenic vascular(trauma).Methods The clinical data of 24 different types of iatrogenic vascular trauma committed from 2003 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The 24 cases included 7 cases of superior mesenteric(arteriovenous) trauma,3 cases of portal venous trauma,4 cases of carotid arterial trauma,6 cases of iliac and femoral arterial trauma,and each one of trauma of popliteal artery,axillary artery,renal artery,left gastric artery,respectively.Treated method: Six cases underwent vascular repair,5 cases had vascular anastomosis,2 cases had vascular replacement,3 cases had vascular ligation,2 cases had covered stent implantation under intervention,and other methods included thrombectomy,thrombolysis and packing.Among the 24 cases,22 were cured completely,one patient died from massive hemorrhage 24 hours after operation,and the other died 5 days after operation.Conclusions Iatrogenic vascular trauma can be prevented and its incidence reduced by increased vigilance,clear identification of the anatomy,and accurate and careful operation.Once iatrogenic vascular trauma has occurred,its cause must be determined and then different treatment methods can be(chosen),based on the cicumstaces. When effective treatment technique is not at hand,one should promptly seek outside support or transfer the patient to an advanced hostipal.
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Objective To investigate the gene expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-?B) and its (biological) significance in liver cancer tissue.Methods The samples from hepatic cancer tissue and(corresponding) adjacent tissues were collected in thirty-two patients with primary liver cancer.The mRNA and protein levels of NF-?B were determined by reverse-transcription PCR and Western bolt,respectively.(Immunochemistry) was employed to determine the localization of NF-?B protein in liver tissues.Results As shown by RT-PCR and Western blot,both mRNA and protein expressions of NF-?B in liver cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding adjacent liver tissues(P
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Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of pancreaticobiliary maljunction(PBM) on development of congenital choledochal cyst(CCC).Methods Tweenty-one patients with choledochal cysts initially diagnosed by ultrasonography,then underwent ERCP.The concentrations of amylase(AMS) and C-reactive protein(CRP) in bile removed through selective biliary catheterization was analyzed.Results Each of 21 cases of PBM(including 13 cases of C-P type and 8 cases of P-C type) had significantly higher concentrations of AMS and CRP compared with control group(P