Chloroplast genome in Malus floribunda Siebold / 生物工程学报

Malus floribunda Siebold. (Malus) is widely cultivated all over the world, which is of high ornamental value and breeding significance. Comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome can help enrich the phylogenetic relationship and facilitate germplasm utilization of Malus. Based on the whole genome sequencing data, a complete chloroplast genome (M. floribunda) with tetrad structure was assembled. The chloroplast genome (160 037 bp) was composed of a large single-copy (LSC) region (88 142 bp), inverted repeat (IR) B (26 353 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (19 189 bp), and IRA (26 353 bp). A total of 111 genes were annotated: 78 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. In addition, a large number of repeat sequences were identified in the genome, which was slightly different from that of M. sieboldii and M. toringoides. As for the relative synonymous codon usage, 30 high-frequency codons were found, and the codons tended to end with A/T. The results of interspecific sequence alignment and boundary analysis suggested the sequence variation of the LSC region was large, and the expansion and contraction of the SC region and IR region of the eight Malus species were generally similar. According to the phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genome sequences, M. floribunda, M. hupehensis, and M. toringoides were grouped into one clade. The findings in this study can provide data support for the development of genetic markers and utilization of germplasm resources in the future.

Clinical analysis of patients with lung cancer complicating "persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolic syndrome" / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of persistent inflammation-immunosuppression-catabolic syndrome(PICS)in patients with lung cancer and explore possible risk factors.Methods:The total of 109 lung cancer patients with hospital stay >14 d in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2017 to June 2020 were selected as study subjects.According to the PICS diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into the PICS group(43 cases)and non-PICS group(66 cases). The clinical characteristics and prognosis of the two groups of patients were compared, and the risk factors of PICS during hospitalization were analyzed.Results:PICS occurred in 43 of the 109 subjects(39.40%). The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in the PICS group than in the non-PICS group(39.53% vs.7.58%, χ2=16.508, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age>60 years( P=0.039), pulmonary infection( P=0.042), clinical stage Ⅳ( P=0.006), small cell lung cancer( P=0.017), albumin<30 g/L( P=0.001)were independent risk factors for PICS in lung cancer patients.A subgroup analysis of patients receiving chemotherapy showed that chemotherapy cycle>4( P=0.034)was risk factors for PICS in lung cancer patients. Conclusions:Patients with lung cancer complicated with PICS have a high in-hospital mortality rate.The risk factors for lung cancer complicated with PICS include old age, pulmonary infection, clinical stage Ⅳ, small cell lung cancer, albumin<30 g/L, and chemotherapy cycles>4.

Analysis of causes and countermeasures against marine organisms blocking event at cold source intake of coastal nuclear power plant / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

The cold source system of a nuclear power plant, as important part of a nuclear power project, is of great significance to guarantee the safe operation of a nuclear power plant. In recent years, there have been some cases of marine organism blockage at cold source intake at coastal nuclear power plants in China, which has adversely affected the safety and economy of nuclear power plants. According to the research result of cold source safety in coastal nuclear power plants in China and in compliance with the requirements of nuclear safety regulatory control and the engineering practice experience, the causes of, and countermeasures against, marine organism blockage at cold source intake are analyzed to further improve the safety and economy of nuclear power plants.

Therapeutic Effect of Single Intramuscular Administration of Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin on Rhesus Monkeys with Acute radiation Sickness / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To confirm the therapeutic effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) on rhesus monkeys irradiated with 5.0 Gy 60Co γ-ray, and provide experimental basis for clinical treatment of similar patients.@*METHODS@#Fourteen adult rhesus monkeys were irradiated with 60Co γ-ray on both sides at the dose of 5.0 Gy (dose rate 69.2 cGy/min) to establish the acute radiation sickness model. The monkeys were divided into irradiation group (n=5), rhTPO 5 μg/kg group (n=4) and rhTPO 10 μg/kg group (n=5). Two hours after irradiation, the three groups of monkeys were injected with saline 0.1 ml/kg, rhTPO 5 μg/kg（0.1 ml/kg） and rhTPO 10 μg/kg(0.2 ml/kg), respectively. The general signs, survival, peripheral hemogram and serum biochemistry of rhesus monkeys were observed before and after irradiation, and the differences between rhTPO group and irradiation control group were compared.@*RESULTS@#After total body irradiation with 5.0 Gy60Co γ-ray, rhesus monkeys successively showed fever, hemorrhage, sharp decrease of whole blood cell counts in peripheral blood and disorder of serum biochemical indexes. Compared with the irradiated control group, a single intramuscular injection of rhTPO 5 μg/kg or 10 μg/kg 2 hours after irradiation could improve the symptoms of fever and bleeding, increase the nadir of peripheral red blood cells and platelets counts, shorten the duration of hemocytopenia, and advance the time for blood cells to return to the pre-irradiation level. The serum biochemical results showed that rhTPO could improve the abnormality of serum biochemical indexes in rhesus monkeys induced by 5.0 Gy total body irradiation to some extent. Compared with the two administration groups, the therapeutic effect of rhTPO 10 μg/ kg was better.@*CONCLUSION@#A single injection of rhTPO 5 μg/ kg or 10 μg/ kg 2 hours after irradiation can alleviate the injury of multilineage hematopoiesis and promote the recovery in monkeys irradiated by 5.0 Gy γ-ray. It also improves animal signs and has obvious therapeutic effect on acute radiation sickness.

Recognition of S1 and S2 heart sounds with two-stream convolutional neural networks / 生物医学工程学杂志

Auscultation of heart sounds is an important method for the diagnosis of heart conditions. For most people, the audible component of heart sound are the first heart sound (S1) and the second heart sound (S2). Different diseases usually generate murmurs at different stages in a cardiac cycle. Segmenting the heart sounds precisely is the prerequisite for diagnosis. S1 and S2 emerges at the beginning of systole and diastole, respectively. Locating S1 and S2 accurately is beneficial for the segmentation of heart sounds. This paper proposed a method to classify the S1 and S2 based on their properties, and did not take use of the duration of systole and diastole. S1 and S2 in the training dataset were transformed to spectra by short-time Fourier transform and be feed to the two-stream convolutional neural network. The classification accuracy of the test dataset was as high as 91.135%. The highest sensitivity and specificity were 91.156% and 92.074%, respectively. Extracting the features of the input signals artificially can be avoid with the method proposed in this article. The calculation is not complicated, which makes this method effective for distinguishing S1 and S2 in real time.

Correlation between P-selectin, thrombopoietin and severity of glioma / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To analyze the expression of P-selectin and thrombopoietin (TPO) in patients with glioma, and explore their correlation with severity of disease.Methods:One hundred and six patients with glioma who were treated in the Third People's Hospital of Dalian City from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the observation group, and 50 physical examination person in the same period were selected as the healthy control group. The clinic data of patients in two groups were analyzed.Results:The serum P-selectin and TPO levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group: (62.35 ± 16.71) μg/L vs. (25.42 ± 9.18) μg/L, (12.64 ± 3.26) μg/L vs. (6.93 ± 1.77) μg/L ( P<0.01). In patients with different severity of glioma, serum P-selectin and TPO levels in the high-grade group were significantly higher than those in the low-level group: (65.14 ± 17.19) μg/L vs. (53.71 ± 15.26) μg/L, (14.57 ± 3.38) μg/L vs. (9.04 ± 1.97) μg/L ( P<0.01). Serum P-selectin and TPO levels in patients with glioma after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment: (57.28 ± 16.22) μg/L vs. (62.35 ± 16.71) μg/L, (10.85 ± 2.97) μg/L vs. (12.64 ± 3.26) μg/L ( P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis result showed that there was a significant positive correlation between serum P-selectin, TPO levels and WHO classification in patients with glioma ( r = 0.417 and 0.361, P<0.05). The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) of serum P-selectin in the diagnosis of glioma was 0.859 (95% CI 0.794 to 0.910, P<0.01), the sensitivity was 90.00%, and the specificity was 74.53%. The ROC curve analysis result showed that the AUC of serum TPO in the diagnosis of glioma was 0.720 (95% CI 0.643 to 0.789, P<0.01), the sensitivity was 69.81%, and the specificity was 72.00%. Conclusions:Serum P-selectin and TPO are abnormally expressed in glioma patients, and their level changes are related to the severity of the disease.

Correlation of fluid-attenuation inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity and clinical outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation of fluid-attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensity (FVH) and clinical outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke.Methods:Patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and clinical data were collected. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and FVH score were performed with MRI images. The modified Rankin Scale (MRS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcome at 90 d after onset. 0-2 was defined as good outcome, and >2 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between FVH and the outcome. Results:A total of 65 patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke were enrolled, including 37 males (56.9%). Their age was 64.35±12.13 years. Twenty-nine patients (44.6%) had a good outcome, and 36 (55.4%) had a poor outcome. There were significant differences in triglyceride ( P=0.037), antihypertensive drug treatment ( P=0.037), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ( P<0.001), DWI-ASPECTS ( P=0.017) and FVH score ( P<0.001) between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FVH score (odds ratio 6.477, 95% confidence interval 1.570-26.716; P=0.010) and NIHSS score (odds ratio 1.869, 95% confidence interval 1.326-2.635; P<0.001) were significantly independently correlated with the poor outcome. However, there was no significant independent correlation between DWI-ASPECTS and the outcome (odds ratio 0.451, 95% confidence interval 0.068-2.988; P=0.410). Conclusions:FVH score is an independent risk factor for poor outcome in patients with acute middle cerebral artery M1 occlusive stroke.

Effect of Stemona tuberosa Alkaloids on Apoptosis of SMMC-7721 Cells and Expression of Bcl-2， Bax， and Cleaved Caspase-3 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of<italic> Stemona tuberosa</italic> alkaloids on the apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins including B lymphocytoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and cleaved cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 （cleaved Caspase-3）. Method:SMMC-7721 cells were routinely cultured， passaged， and treated with various concentrations （50， 75， 112， 167， and 250 mg·L^-1） of <italic>S. tuberosa </italic>alkaloids， while those in the blank control group were only treated with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cell proliferation was determined by tetrazolium bromide （MTT） colorimetry and colony assay and the cell apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 staining. The protein expression levels of Bcl-2， Bax， and cleaved Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Result:<italic>S. tuberosa</italic> alkaloids inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells， and the inhibition rate was significantly increased in comparison with that in the blank control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， with the half maximal inhibitory concentrations （IC₅₀） at 24 h， 48 h， and 72 h being （173.36±8.75）， （112.14±16.50）， and （96.41±2.60）mg·L^-1， respectively. The cell colony-inhibitory activity was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the blank control group， <italic>S. tuberosa</italic> alkaloids promoted the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells， manifested as increased number of apoptotic cells and elevated apoptotic rate （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The typical morphological changes such as brightly blue-fluorescent condensed nuclei， cytoplasmic shrinking， and karyopyknosis were found under the upright fluorescence microscope. As revealed by comparison with the blank control group， the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the protein expression levels of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 in the 75， 112， 167， and 250 mg·L^-1 <italic>S. tuberosa</italic> alkaloids groups were significantly up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:<italic>S. tuberosa </italic>alkaloids inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and promote their apoptosis possibly by inhibiting Bcl-2 protein expression and promoting Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 protein expression.

Exploration and practice of talent team construction of large instrument technology platform / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:In order to study the necessity of introducing PhD students into the large-scale instrument platform and how to make them play a better role in work through management.Methods:The status of technicians in large-scale instrument and equipment platforms of domestic and foreign universities and scientific research institutions were investigated; combined with the experience of more than 10 years of operation of the technology platform of State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs of Peking University, the analysis was carried out.Results:In recent years, the large-scale instrument platforms of major universities and scientific research institutions have strengthened the introduction of high-level talents and the construction of the team. Maintain the stability of the instrument service staff through management measures such as rank promotion and salary enhancement.Conclusions:High-precision instruments are the foundation of the instrument technology platform, and well-educated talents are the core of the instrument technology platform. Only when more PhD students join the technology platform, can the high-precision instruments and equipment exert their maximum functions and promote scientific research.

Dual-directional Regulation Effects of Mannose on Inflammatory Response of Macrophages / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

【Objective】 To explore the regulation and mechanism of mannose(Man) on inflammatory response, so as to provide the basis for application of Man in inflammatory diseases. 【Methods】 RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of Man for 24 h or 48 h, and the proliferation was detected by cell count. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with low concentration(2 mmol/L) and high concentration(20 mmol/L) of Man for 12 h, followed by treatment with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) for 8 h or 24 h more. mRNA, protein and culture supernatant were collected, and the inflammation related cytokines, proteins and mannose receptor(CD206) were detected by Q-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. 【Results】 The cell proliferation was increased with the increase of Man concentration under 5 mmol/L, while it was decreased with the increase of Man concentration over 5 mmol/L. Compared with LPS treatment, 2 mmol/L mannose(Man2) plus LPS increased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-12 and TNF-α and the protein levels(all P<0.05), while Man20 + LPS treatment significantly decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL2 and the protein levels (all P<0.05). The potential targets of network pharmacology for Man and its metabolites were 20 proteins, including AKT and STAT3. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of AKT and STAT3(all P<0.05) were increased in Man2 + LPS group and the phosphorylation levels of AKT, p65 and ERK(all P<0.05) were decreased in Man20 + LPS group compared with LPS group. The phosphorylation levels of AKT, p65 and STAT3(all P<0.05) were decreased in Man20 group compared with control group. 【Conclusions】 Different concentrations of mannose have various effects on inflammatory response. Low concentration mannose promotes macrophage inflammatory response induced by LPS, while high concentration mannose inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response. And this mechanism is related to the regulation of AKT, STAT3, p65, and ERK activities.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and MRI in post-treatment evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CE-US) and contrast-enhanced MRI(CE-MRI) in evaluation of therapeutic effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 60 patients with HCC (with 114 lesions), who were treated with TACE in Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2018 to December 2018. There were 53 males and 7 females, age ranged from 47 to 84 (mean age 61.9) years. CE-US, CE-MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed in all these patients within one week after TACE. Using DSA as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the detection of residual lesions were compared between the two imaging methods. The consistency of results between CE-US and CE-MRI was analyzed.Results:CE-MRI and CE-US showed presence of active tumor foci (residual and/or recurrent lesion) in 78 lesions, and complete inactivation of HCC foci in 26 lesions. Ten lesions were diagnosed as active foci by CE-MRI, which were missed by CE-US. The diagnostic accuracy of CE-MRI was 100.0% (114/114), which was significantly better than the 91.2% (104/114) of CE-US ( P<0.05). The Kappa value between CE-US and CE-MRI was 0.781. The diagnostic coincidence between CE-MRI and CE-US was quite high. Among small lesions of less than 5 cm, the diagnostic accuracy of CE-MRI was 100.0% (78/78), which was significantly better than the 88.5% (69/78) of CE-US ( P<0.05). In large lesions of greater than 5 cm, the diagnostic accuracy of CE-MRI was comparable to that of CE-US. The difference was not significant ( P>0.05). The sensitivity of CE-MRI in detection of active lesions was higher than that of CE-US, and the specificity of the two imaging methods was consistent. The Kappa value between CE-US and CE-MRI was 0.747 for small lesions of less than 5cm, and 0.873 for large lesions of greater than 5 cm. The diagnostic coincidence between CE-MRI and CE-US was quite high. Conclusion:CE-MRI and CE-US can both be used as reliable imaging methods for evaluating the therapeutic effect of TACE for HCC.

Metal elements analysis and risk assessment of carcinogenicity on PM2.5 samples collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To conduct metal elements analysis and risk assessment of carcinogenicity on Particulate Matter 2.5 ( PM2.5) collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected in Shenzhen and Taiyuan from 2017 to 2018. Ten heavy metal elements in PM2.5 samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Health risk assessment was conducted using the recommended United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) model. Results Metal elements found in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, V, As, Ni, Cd and Co. Their levels were 1 807.67, 31.02, 30.63, 17.37, 17.32, 11.59, 6.98, 4.76, 2.24, 2.20 ng/m3, respectively. Metal elements in PM2.5 samples from Taiyuan included Al, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Ni, V, Cd and Co. Their levels were 2 817.64, 91.04, 63.33, 26.56, 24.69, 11.82, 10.39, 4.46, 3.42, 1.01 ng/m3, respectively. There were significant differences among Pb, Mn, As, Ni levels between Shenzhen and Taiyuan (all P1.00×10-4), then followed by As, Ni and Cd (1.00×10-6-1.00×10-4). Pb had the lowest risk (<1.00×10-6). Conclusion Some of the metal elements in PM2.5 samples collected from Shenzhen and Taiyuan have carcinogenicity risk. Further researches and measures for prevention and control should be considered.

Comparative study on anorexigenic effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in rats / 生理学报

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) expression is shared by both intestinal cells and neurons of brainstem, which plays anorexigenic role on food intake. However, the exact source of physiological GLP-1 influencing food intake and pertinent mechanism of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) remain unelucidated. In this study, the immediate early gene product c-Fos was chosen as the specific antigen for immunohistochemistry to show the certain areas of central nervous system (CNS) activation by the GLP-1RA. Thirty normal SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups, which were single intraperitoneally injected with Liraglutide (200 μg/kg), Exenatide (10 μg/kg) and saline, respectively. After injection, the amount of food intake and acute glycemic variation were assessed for comparison. The results showed that acute pharmacological dosage of GLP-1RA (Liraglutide or Exenatide) could significantly influence food intake. However, glycemic change indicated that the anorexic effect was dissociated with change in blood glucose in normal rats. Moreover, c-Fos was expressed significantly higher in major critical nuclei related to food intake in GLP-1RA groups when compared with the control group, and its expression was also found in spinal cord. The results suggested that acute administration of pharmacological doses of GLP-1 influences CNS via circulation and vagal pathways, especially on the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the nucleus of solitary tract (NTS), and GLP-1 modulates autonomic nervous activities.

Association of adenylate cyclase-associated protein 2 expression with histopathology and long-term prognosis of gastric cancer / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore association of the expression levels of adenylate cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) in gastric cancer tissues with the histopathology and long-term prognosis of the malignancy.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted among a total of 105 patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy in our hospital between January, 2010 and October, 2013. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantitatively assess the expression of CAP2 in gastric cancer tissues and the adjacent tissues. Based on the median relative expression level of CAP2 of 3.5, the patients were divided into low CAP2 expression group (=52) and high CAP2 expression group (=53). The Cox regression model was used to analyze the effect of CAP2 expression on the 5-year survival rate of the patients, and ROC curve analysis was used to assess the predictive value of CAP2 expression for the patients' long-term survival.@*RESULTS@#Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression levels of CAP2 ( < 0.01) and Ki67 ( < 0.01) were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in the adjacent tissues, and the expression level of CAP2 was positively correlated with Ki67 ( < 0.01), peripheral blood CEA ( < 0.01) and CA19-9 ( < 0.01). The percentages of patients with CEA≥5 μg/L, CA19-9≥37 kU/L, pathological grade of G3-G4, T stage of 3-4, and N stage of 2-3 were significantly higher in patients with high CAP2 expression than in those with low CAP2 expression ( < 0.05). Kaplan- Meier survival analysis showed that the 5-year survival rate was significantly lower in patients with a high CAP2 expression ( < 0.01). A high expression level of CAP2, CEA≥5μg/L, CA19-9≥37 and pathological grades G3-G4 were all independent risk factors for shortened 5-year survival after radical gastrectomy ( < 0.01). With the relative expression level of 3.45 as the cut-off value, the sensitivity of CAP2 was 70.15% for predicting death 5 years after the surgery, with a specificity of 71.05% and an area under the curve of 0.779 ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#CAP2 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues in close relation with the tumor progression. CAP2 is an independent risk factor for 5-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and can be of clinical value in prognostic evaluation of the patients.

Therapeutic effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with iodine-125 seed strand implantation for treating hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the efficacy of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)with iodine-125 seed implantation in treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT).Methods From January 2015 to January 2019,eighty patients with HCC and PVTT who were treated at Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 71 patients were male and 9 were female.aged(53.1±9.9)years.The patients included 48 patients(group A)who were treated with TACE alone and 32 patients(group B)with TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation.The survival time and disease control rate(DCR)of the intrahepatic lesions and PVTY in the two groups were compared.Results There were 32 patients who were successfully implan-ted with portal vein iodine-125 seed and stents.The DCR of PVTT in group B was significantly better than in group A(90.6％ vs.81.3％,P＜0.05).The DCR of the intrahepatic lesions in the two groups was 77.1％(group A)and 90.6％(group B).There was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The survival times of group A and group B were(8.0±0.6)and(16.0±2.1)months,respectively.The median survival times were(7.6±1.0)and(14.8±1.5)months respectively.Group B had significantly better survival time than Group A,(both P＜0.05).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that tumor size was an independent risk factor of prognosis(Regression coemcient:0.960,HR:0.383,95％CI:0.158-0.926,P＜0.05).125I treatment was a protective factor of prognosis(Regression coefficient:-1.525,HR:0.218,95％CI:0.100-0.473,P＜0.05).Conclusion For patients with HCC and PVTT.compared with TACE alone,TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation could safe-ly and effectively control portal vein tumor thrombus,and prolonged patient survival.

Differential expression of HK2 in HCC and its effect on HCC cells / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the differential expression of HK2 in liver cancer tissues and its effects on cell proliferation ,cell cycle and apoptosis of liver cancer cells . Methods 48 cases of liver cancer tissues and corresponding para cancer tissues were collected,and the expression of HK2 was detected by immunohistochemistry. At the same time,Western blot was used to detect the expression of HK2 in human hepatoma cell HepG2 and in normal liver cell L-02. The relationship between HK2 expression and clinic pathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed statistically. Four HK2 shRNA vectors were constructed,Western blot was used to detect the interference efficiency,and the best HK2 shRNA was selected for transfecting cell. For blank group (normal culture,non-transfected plasmid),control shRNA group(transfected control shRNA),HK2 shRNA group (transfected shRNA_3) HepG2 cells,MTT was used to detect cell proliferation activity,flow cytometry was used for cell cycle,Annexin V-FITC /PI double labeling method was used to detect cell apoptosis. Results The expression of HK2 increased significantly in HCC tissues,and the expression was correlated with tumor diameter,TNM stage and histopathological grade. The decrease of HK2 expressionsignificantly reduced the proliferation activity of HepG2 cells,obviously changed the cell cycle and make cells less stagnant at S stage,significantly increased the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Conclusion HK2 shows strong anti-tumor potential and has a certain clinical significance. It provides a new idea and theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis of liver cancer,prognosis judgment and molecular targeting therapy based on HK2.

Analysis on prognosis and influencing factors of postoperative low anterior resection syndrome for rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic anus-preserving radical resection / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prognosis and influencing factors of postoperative low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) for rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection.@*Methods@#A retrospective case-control study was used in this study. Clinical data of 268 rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively collected. Inclusion criteria: (1) operation procedure was total mesorectal excision (TME) and sphincter-preserving radical resection; (2) rectal cancer was confirmed by postoperative pathology; (3) age of patient was ≥ 18 years old. Exclusion criteria: (1) patient who had history of pelvic surgery and pelvic fractures, which would affect the anorectal function; (2) patient who had history of preoperative chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome, which would affect defecation; (3) patient who developed postoperative complications, such as anastomotic leakage, which would affect defecation function; (4) patient who received long-term use of drugs, which would affect the function of gastrointestinal tract or anus; (5) patient suffered from mental illness, who was unable to communicate properly; (6) patient who was lack of clinical data or had incomplete clinical data. Patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, and LARS was diagnosed and graded according to the LARS score scale. The LARS score ranged from 0 to 42 points, and 0 to 20 was difined as no LARS, 21 to 29 was mild LARS, and 30 to 42 was severe LARS. LARS score >20 points at any time point was defined as postoperative LARS. Severe LARS transferring into mild LARS and mild LARS transferring into no LARS was defined as symptom improvement. Incidence and outcomes of LARS were evaluated. The factors associated with LARS outcomes were analyzed using χ2 test and logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 268 patients were enrolled. The incidence of LARS was 42.9% (115/268), 32.5% (87/268) and 20.1% (54/268) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively respectively, and no new case of LARS was found after 3 months postoperatively. The incidence of mild LARS was 25.7% (69/268), 17.2% (46/268) and 8.6% (23/268) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively respectively, and mild LARS incidence at 6 months was significantly lower than that at 3 months (χ2=5.857, P=0.016), and was significantly higher than that at 12 months (χ2=8.799, P=0.003). The incidence of severe LARS was 17.2% (46/268), 15.3% (41/268) and 11.6% (31/268) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively respectively, without significant difference among 3 time points (all P>0.05). The improvement rate within one year after surgery in patients with mild LARS diagnosed at 3 months was significantly higher than that in patients with severe LARS (88.4% vs. 32.6%, χ2=38.340, P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that female, distance from anastomosis to anal verge < 5 cm and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm were associated with unsatisfied LARS outcomes (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that distance from anastomosis to anal verge <5 cm was an independent risk factor for LARS outcome (OR=3.589, 95% CI: 1.163 to 2.198, P<0.001).@*Conclusions@#The incidence of LARS after laparoscopic sphincter-preserving radical resection decreases with time. The improvement rate within postoperative 1-year of severe LARS is lower than that of mild LARS. Low anastomotic position may lead to impaired improvement of LARS.

Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of carcinogenicity or non-carcinogenicityonheavy metalsin Particulate Matter 2.5 in Shenzhen / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To assess the pollution characteristics and risk assessment of carcinogenicity or non-carcinogenicity on heavy metals in PM2.5 in Shenzhen.@*Methods@#PM2.5 samples were collected monthly from the year of 2014 to 2015, and analyzed by seasons. 12 heavy metal elements (Pb, Hg, Mn, Sb, Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Ni, Se, Tl) in PM2.5 were detected by ICP-MS spectrometry. Health risk assessment was conducted using the recommended United States Environmental Protection Agency (USA EPA) model.@*Results@#The median of PM2.5 concentration was 45.10 μg/m3 in Longgang district of Shenzhen. The non-carcinogenecity risks of the metals in PM2.5 existed in spring, autumn and winter (HQ>1). Three metal elements including As, Mn and Cd have higher HQ levels. The carcinogenecity risk levels in four seasons were winter, autumn, spring and summer, respectively. The carcinogenecity risks in four seasons were between 10-6 to 10-4. As, Cr and Cd have higher carcinogenicityrisks.@*Conclusion@#The heavy metals in PM2.5 have both carcinogenecity risk and non-carcinogenecity risk to residents in Longgang district of Shenzhen, the occupational health management must be continuously strengthened, the further research and the measures for prevention and control should be considered.

Protective Effect of Gandou Decoction on Cer Signaling Pathway in HT-22 Induced by High Copper / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To detect ceramide(Cer) signaling pathway-related proteins expression levels in HT-22 with Gandou decoction (GDD), in order to explore its molecular targets and mechanism in regulating Cer signaling pathway. Method: The experiment was divided into normal group (normal HT-22 cultured by 10%blank rabbit serum), model group (HT-22 cells incubated with CuSO4), and GDD group (HT-22 cells incubated with CuSO4, continuously cultured by rabbit serum containing10%, 15%, 20%GDD). HT-22 cells were incubated with different concentrations of CuSO4.The cell growth and proliferation were assessed using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) method; flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS); Western blot was used to detect relevant protein expression of Cer signaling pathway. Result: The results of MTT showed that CuSO4 inhibited the growth and proliferation of HT-22 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner; flow cytometry results showed that the model group increased the release of ROS compared with the normal group (PPPPConclusion: High copper can induce oxidative stress and deactivate Cer signaling pathway, which led to hippocampal neuron injury. These findings suggest that GDD reduces neurotoxicity induced by copper overload by increasing the copper excretion that inhibits the expressions of ASM, Cer, p38 MAPK, Cyt C, Caspase-9, Caspase-3.GDD reduces neurotoxicity induced by copper overload by decreasing copper levels in brain and then regulating Cer signaling pathway.

Therapeutic effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with iodine-125 seed strand implantation for treating hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective@#To study the efficacy of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with iodine-125 seed implantation in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).@*Methods@#From January 2015 to January 2019, eighty patients with HCC and PVTT who were treated at Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 71 patients were male and 9 were female, aged (53.1±9.9) years. The patients included 48 patients (group A) who were treated with TACE alone and 32 patients (group B) with TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation. The survival time and disease control rate (DCR) of the intrahepatic lesions and PVTT in the two groups were compared.@*Results@#There were 32 patients who were successfully implanted with portal vein iodine-125 seed and stents. The DCR of PVTT in group B was significantly better than in group A (90.6% vs. 81.3%, P<0.05). The DCR of the intrahepatic lesions in the two groups was 77.1% (group A) and 90.6% (group B). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The survival times of group A and group B were (8.0±0.6) and (16.0±2.1) months, respectively. The median survival times were (7.6±1.0) and (14.8±1.5) months respectively. Group B had significantly better survival time than Group A, (both P<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that tumor size was an independent risk factor of prognosis (Regression coefficient: 0.960, HR: 0.383, 95% CI: 0.158-0.926, P<0.05). 125I treatment was a protective factor of prognosis (Regression coefficient: -1.525, HR: 0.218, 95% CI: 0.100-0.473, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#For patients with HCC and PVTT, compared with TACE alone, TACE combined with iodine-125 seed implantation could safely and effectively control portal vein tumor thrombus, and prolonged patient survival.