Comparative Study on Effect of Yiqi Liangxue Shengji Formula （益气凉血生肌方） and Atorvastatin Tablets on Vascular Injury and Differences in Serum Metabolites in Abdominal Aortic Balloon Injury Model Rats / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the effects and differences of Yiqi Liangxue Shengji Formula （益气凉血生肌方） and atorvastatin on the repair of vascular injury in rats from the perspective of metabolomics. MethodsTwenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into sham-surgery， model， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and ator-vastatin groups， with 6 rats in each group. The rat model was established by balloon-induced abdominal aorta injury. Gavage was started on the day after surgery in all groups of rats. The sham and model groups were given with deio-nized water， TCM group received Yiqi Liangxue Shengji Formula 6 g/（kg·d）， and the atorvastatin group treated with atorvastatin suspension 2 mg/（kg·d） for 4 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of the injured segment of the abdominal aorta； ELISA detection was used to test serum nitric oxide （NO） and C-reactive protein （CRP） levels； UPLC MS/MS technology was used for widely targeted metabolomics detection in serum， and multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen metabolic markers and pathways of two drugs； finally， compare serum levels of key metabolic markers of the above two medications in rats of each group. ResultsCompared with the sham-surgery group， the neointima significantly thickened， the level of NO decreased significantly and the level of CRP increased in serum of the model group （P＜0.01）； compared with the model group， the degree of arterial intimal hyperplasia in TCM group and atorvastatin group reduced， with an increase in NO levels and a decrease in CRP levels （P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）. The results of serum metabolomics showed that TCM group obtained 49 metabolic markers and 6 metabolic pathways， while atorvastatin group obtained 41 metabolic markers and 4 metabolic pathways. The two medications jointly regulated 38 metabolites. Glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine-related metabolism were common metabolic pathways for both medications. Lysophosphatidylcholine （16∶1/0∶0） ［LPC （16∶1/ 0∶0）］， phosphatidylcholine （15∶0/15∶0） ［PC （15∶0/15∶0）］ were the key metabolites of glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway； ornithine， spermidine were the key metabolites of arginine-related metabolic pathway. The tricarboxylic acid cycle and glutathione metabolism were the unique metabolic pathways of Yiqi Liangxue Shengji Formula. Compared with the sham-surgery group， LPC （16∶1/0∶0）， ornithine， and spermidine levels elevated and PC （15∶0/15∶0） levels decreased in the model group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， LPC （16∶1/0∶0）， ornithine， and spermidine levels decreased， and PC （15∶0/15∶0） levels increased in both TCM group and atorvastatin group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The degree of LPC reduction （16∶1/0∶0） was more significant in atorvastatin group compared with that in the TCM group （P＜0.01）. ConclusionsBoth sham-surgery and atorvastatin could regulate lipid metabolism and arginine-related metabolism， exert the characteristics of lipid-lowering， anti-inflammatory， improve arginine/NO bioavailability， and improve endothelial dysfunction. Atorvastatin showed more advantages in lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory， while Yiqi Liangxue Shengji Formula has unique characteristics in regulating energy metabolism and improving oxidative stress.

Chemical Components and Pharmacological Action for Angelica dahurica Sinensis and Predictive Analysis on its Q-marker / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Angelica dahurica,as a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine,is widely used in clinical practice.It is mainly cultivated in Henan,Hebei,Sichuang and Zhejiang provinces.At present,the study found that the main chemical components of this plant contained coumarins,volatile oil,polysaccharides,alkaloids,and amino acids and other components.It has anti-inflammatory,analgesic,anti-oxidant,anti-tumor,whitening effect and other pharmacological activities.In this paper,the chemical composition,pharmacological action of Angelica dahurica were summarized.Based on the core concepts of quality markers,the quality markers of Angelica dahurica were predicted and analyzed from the aspects of plant relativity and chemical component specificity,traditional medicinal properties,traditional efficacy,measurability of chemical components,Sulfur Fumigated,so as to provide reference for establishment and development of quality evaluation system of Angelica dahurica.

Study on the impact of regular supervision and communication on the nursing practice environment based on employee needs / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the impact of implementing regular supervision and communication based on employee needs in the management of head nurses on improving the nursing practice environment, for reference for improving the nursing proctice environment.Methods:In December 2020 and January 2022, convenience sampling method was used to select 5 nursing unit nurses from a hospital which implemented regular supervision and communication based on employee needs(January to December 2021) as the research subjects. The survey was conducted using the Gallup Q12 questionnaire(Q12 questionnaire), which included 12 items from 4 dimensions: basic needs, head nurse support, team cooperation, and self growth. At the same time, a focus group interview method was made to interviews 10 survey subjects regarding their regular supervision and communication experiences.Results:A total of 165 survey subjects were included in this study, including 77 before and 88 after the implementation.The average total score of the Q12 questionnaire increased from 53.75 points before implementation of supervision communication to 56.96 points after implementation, with a statistically significant difference( P<0.05). The scores of the four dimensions of basic needs, head nurse support, team collaboration, and self growth increased from 4.59 points, 4.41 points, 4.50 points, and 4.45 points before implementation to 4.84 points, 4.69 points, 4.75 points, and 4.75 points after implementation, with statistical significances( P<0.05). The interview results showed that supervisory communication can create a humanistic care atmosphere, enhance team cohesion, enhance self-efficacy, improve work efficiency, solve problems in a timely manner, and improve nursing quality. Conclusions:Implementing regular supervision and communication based on employee needs can strengthen the connection between the head nurse and nurses, and enhance nurses′ recognition of basic needs, head nurse support, teamwork, and self growth. It was conducive to creating a good nursing practice environment, meeting the emotional and growth needs of nurses, and improving their job satisfaction.

Comprehensive evaluation of the service capacity of township hospitals in the counties freed from poverty in Hubei province under the background of rural revitalization / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the service capacity of township hospitals in the counties freed from poverty in Hubei province, for reference in improving their service capacity.Methods:An evaluation index system was constructed based on literature analysis. The service ability of such hospitals was comprehensively evaluated by both entropy weight-TOPSIS and rank-sum ratio method based on the 2022 performance evaluation data of township hospitals of Hubei Health Commission.Results:The evaluation index system of service capacity of township hospitals was constructed, using basic medical service, public health service, health resources and service efficiency as first-level indexes and 11 second-level indexes.A total of 299 township hospitals in 32 such counties were finally included in the analysis, and the results of entropy weight-TOPSIS method showed that the first-level indexes of the highest weight coefficient was health resources (0.43), and the second-level index was annual average number of discharged patients and surgeries in each township hospital (0.17). The mean Ci values of township hospitals in the 32 counties freed from poverty in terms of basic medical services, public health services, health resources, service efficiency, and comprehensive service capacity were 0.304, 0.420, 0.329, 0.576, and 0.352, respectively. The results of RSR method showed that 6, 21 and 5 hospitals in such counties were rated as " good, average and poor" in terms of service capacity. Conclusions:The medical service capacity of township hospitals was relatively weak, with a clear gap in their service capacity among such counties. The focus of improving their service capacity should be placed on health resources and surgical operation capacity.

Investigation on public satisfaction with the enforcement of tobacco control regulations based on questionnaire survey —— a case study of Tianjin / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the residents' satisfaction with the enforcement of The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Smoking Control in Public Places (hereinafter referred to as The Regulations) and its influencing factors. Methods From November to December 2020, 16 districts of Tianjin were selected as the research site, and one street was randomly selected from each district. The accidental sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 4,160 permanent residents in Tianjin. χ2 test was used in univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze and adjust the confounding factors. The public satisfaction and its influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 4 022 questionnaires were collected and 2 730 were included in the study. In 2020, 89.3 percent of Tianjin residents were satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Compared with residents aged 15-24, residents in other age groups were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Compared with residents with primary school education or below, residents with high school education or bachelor's degree or the same educational level were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Residents with chronic diseases (OR=1.885 , P<0.01) and exposure to second-hand smoke in the last 30 days (OR=1.903, P<0.01) were less satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations, while those who supported the Regulations (OR=0.511, P<0.01) and residents who had been exposed to public service advertisements on tobacco control in the last 30 days (OR=0.043, P<0.01) were more satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Conclusion The residents of Tianjin are highly satisfied with the enforcement of the Regulations. Age, education background, support for the Regulations, chronic disease, exposure to secondhand smoke in the last 30 days and exposure to public service advertisements in the last 30 days are the main influencing factors of satisfaction with the enforcement of tobacco control regulations.

Clinical and genetics characteristics of adult-onset cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: analysis of a Chinese pedigree / 中华内科杂志

Objective: Clinical manifestations, imaging findings, pathologic features, and genetic mutations of Chinese adult patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) were analyzed in order to achieve a greater understanding of CTX that can improve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: Clinical data including medical history, neurologic and auxiliary examinations, imaging findings, and genetic profile were collected for an adult patient with CTX admitted to the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital in August 2020. Additionally, a systematic review of genetically diagnosed Chinese adult CTX cases reported in major databases in China and other countries was performed and age of onset, first symptoms, common signs and symptoms, pathologic findings, imaging changes, and gene mutations were analyzed. Results: The proband was a 39-year-old female with extensive, early-onset nervous system manifestations including cognitive dysfunction and ataxia. Systemic lesions included juvenile cataract and a tendon mass. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebral atrophy, symmetric white matter changes predominantly in the pyramidal tract, and lesions in the cerebellar dentate nucleus. A novel homozygous mutation in the sterol-27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) gene (c.1477-2A>C) was identified. There were no family members with similar clinical presentation although some were carriers of the c.1477-2A>C mutation. The patient showed a good response to deoxycholic acid treatment. Totally there were 56 cases of adult CTX patients in China, mostly in East China (31/56, 55.4%), at a male-to-female ratio of 1.8 to 1. Multiple organs and tissues including nervous system, tendon, lens, lung, and skeletal muscle were affected in these cases. The most common neurologic manifestations were cognitive dysfunction (44/52, 84.6%) and ataxia (44/51, 86.3%). The cases were characterized by early onset, chronic progressive damage of multiple systems, long disease course, and delayed diagnosis, making the disease difficult to manage clinically and resulting in poor prognosis. The 2 most common genetic mutations in Chinese adult CTX patients were c.1263+1G>A and c.379C>T. Exon 2 of the CYP27A1 gene was identified as a mutation hot spot. Conclusions: Chinese adult patients with CTX have complex clinical characteristics, a long diagnostic cycle, and various CYP27A1 gene mutations. Early diagnosis and intervention can improve the prognosis of these patients.

Breastfeeding and infant sleep:a review / 中国实用护理杂志

Sufficient and organized sleep is a key factor during the developmental process of infancy while disrupted sleep schedule and diseases might lead to sleeping disorders in infants. Breastfeeding is considered to be the most beneficial way to meet the nutritional needs of infants for optimal growth and development. The α-lactalbumin-tryptophan-melatonin axis, nucleotides, and other factors are breast milk components that may affect infant sleep. Meanwhile, diet, feeding schedule, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake, and caffeine consumption will affect the circadian rhythms which might lead to the fluctuations of sleep-influencing factors in breast milk. This study reviews literature of previous studies on this topic to summarize information that can be considered for both breastfeeding practice and future basic research on the establishment of organized sleep patterns in infants.

Fgf8P2A-3×GFP/+: A New Genetic Mouse Model for Specifically Labeling and Sorting Cochlear Inner Hair Cells / 神经科学通报·英文版

The cochlear auditory epithelium contains two types of sound receptors, inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs). Mouse models for labelling juvenile and adult IHCs or OHCs exist; however, labelling for embryonic and perinatal IHCs or OHCs are lacking. Here, we generated a new knock-in Fgf8P2A-3×GFP/+ (Fgf8GFP/+) strain, in which the expression of a series of three GFP fragments is controlled by endogenous Fgf8 cis-regulatory elements. After confirming that GFP expression accurately reflects the expression of Fgf8, we successfully obtained both embryonic and neonatal IHCs with high purity, highlighting the power of Fgf8GFP/+. Furthermore, our fate-mapping analysis revealed, unexpectedly, that IHCs are also derived from inner ear progenitors expressing Insm1, which is currently regarded as an OHC marker. Thus, besides serving as a highly favorable tool for sorting early IHCs, Fgf8GFP/+ will facilitate the isolation of pure early OHCs by excluding IHCs from the entire hair cell pool.

Prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome among different age groups in Tianjin / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the prevalence the influencing factors of metabolic syndrome among different age groups in Tianjin district.Methods:According to the ‘2015 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance Program’, multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to extract 42 communities from 7 districts in Tianjin. A total of 1 753 adult residents in the 42 communities were selected as the research subjects to analyze the relationship between the influencing factors and metabolic syndrome with descriptive epidemiological analysis. The χ2 test, non-conditional logistic regression and classification tree models were used to analyze the data. Results:The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in Tianjin was 30.6%, and the standardized rate was 24.5%. The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in Tianjin was increased with age, which was the highest in elderly people (38.9%, ≥60 years). According to the classification tree model, in youth group (18―44 years old), gender, smoking, subjective feeling of health, annual household income and sleep duration were important influencing factors of metabolic syndrome, And the standardized importance was 100%, 95.59%, 22.55%, 20.94% and 9.89%, respectively. In the middle-aged group (45―59 years old), secondhand smoke exposure, subjective feeling of health, sleep duration, the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP) score and living region were important influencing factors of metabolic syndrome, and the standardized importance was 100%, 98.08%, 91.04%, 45.74% and 20.15%, respectively. In the elderly group (≥60 years old), sleep duration, secondhand smoke exposure, gender, the CHFP score and living region were important influencing factors of metabolic syndrome, and the standardized importance was 100%, 46.75%, 41.87%, 41.82% and 7.60%, respectively.Conclusions:The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome is quite high in Tianjin. Tobacco hazard (smoking and secondhand smoke exposure) and sleep duration are the common influencing factors of metabolic syndrome in all age groups. There are different emphases among different age groups in the distributions of those influencing factors, so pointed interventions should be adopted accordingly.

Establishment and Validation of Immune Risk Score for Predicting Survival of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish an immune gene prognostic model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and explore its correlation with immune cells in bone marrow microenvironment.@*METHODS@#Gene expression profile and clinical data of TCGA-AML were downloaded from TCGA database. Immune genes were screened by LASSO analysis to construct prognosis prediction model, and prediction accuracy of the model was quantified by receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve. Survival analysis was performed by Log-rank test. Enriched pathways in the different immune risk subtypes were evaluated from train cohort. The relationship between immune prediction model and bone marrow immune microenvironment was verified by flow cytometry in the real world.@*RESULTS@#Patients with low-risk score of immune gene model had better prognosis than those with high-risk score. Multivariate analysis showed that the immune gene risk model was an independent prognostic factor. The risk ratio for AML patients in the training concentration was HR=24.594 (95%CI: 6.180-97.878), and the AUC for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rate was 0.811, 0.815, and 0.837, respectively. In addition, enrichment analysis of differential gene sets indicated activation of immune-related pathways such as cytokines and chemokines as well as autoimmune disease-related pathways. At the same time, real world data showed that patients with high immune risk had lower numbers of CD8+T cells and B lymphocytes compared with low immune risk patients.@*CONCLUSION@#We constructed a stable prognostic model for AML, which can not only predict the prognosis of AML, but also reveal the dysregulation of immune microenvironment.

Clinical significance of telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation in radioactive iodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the influence of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation on radioiodine uptake status of radioactive iodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer (RAIR-PTC) and radioiodine therapy response by analyzing the mutation frequency of TERT promoter in RAIR-PTC.Methods:A total of 37 patients with RAIR-PTC (15 males, 22 females, age (49.8±16.1) years) and 40 PTC patients with effective radioiodine therapy (13 males, 27 females, age (39.8±10.9) years) between January 2005 and June 2020 in JiangYuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine were retrospectively analyzed. TERT promoter mutation and B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) V600E mutation of patients were observed. The differences across genotype patterns on radioiodine uptake status and therapy response were compared. The Fisher′s exact test and independent-sample t test were used for data analysis. Results:The incidence rate of TERT promoter mutation in the RAIR-PTC group was 40.54% (15/37, all C228T), which was significantly higher than that in the effective radioiodine therapy group (0, 0/40; P<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found for the mutation rate of BRAF V600E between the RAIR group (64.86%, 24/37) and the effective radioiodine therapy group (72.50%, 29/40; P=0.858). Patients with TERT promoter mutation were older ( t=3.76, P=0.001) and the non-intake rate of radioiodine in distant metastases of those patients was higher ( P=0.037). Furthermore, 2/3 of patients who received targeted therapies and 3/4 deaths had TERT promoter mutation. Among 35 patients with negative thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), 11/14 of patients with TERT mutation had a rising stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg), while the percentage of the non-TERT mutation group was 57.1% (12/21; P=0.357). Conclusion:The TERT promoter mutation rate is significantly increased in RAIR-PTC patients and can serve as a prognostic predictor in RAIR.

An exploration of shielding optimization for self-shielded accelerators / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To analyze the room layout and shielding of three types of self-shielded accelerators, and to provide a basis for optimizing the shielding design of rooms for self-shielded accelerators. Methods We compared the radiation shielding levels (transmitted radiation dose rate outside the primary barrier and scattered radiation dose rate outside the secondary barrier) of three self-shielded accelerator rooms by Monte Carlo simulation and empirical formula calculation. Results According to Monte Carlo simulation and empirical formula calculation, for the Unity MR Linac accelerator, the scatter radiation dose rate outside the secondary barrier was significantly higher (up to five times) than the transmitted primary radiation dose rate outside the primary barrier. The scatter radiation dose rate of the cross section was significantly higher than that of the sagittal section for both Unity MR Linac and TOMO accelerators. Conclusion The differences in the shape, material, and thickness of self-shielding structures complicate the shielding calculation and design for accelerator rooms. The shielding calculation method should be improved to optimize the radiation shielding of novel accelerator rooms.

Interactive scalp acupuncture for cognitive dysfunction after stroke: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy of interactive scalp acupuncture, scalp acupuncture alone and scalp acupuncture plus cognitive training for cognitive dysfunction after stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 660 patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke were randomly divided into an interactive scalp acupuncture group (218 cases, 18 cases dropped off), a scalp acupuncture group (220 cases, 20 cases dropped off) and a scalp acupuncture plus cognitive training group (222 cases, 22 cases dropped off). All the patients were treated with routine medication and exercise rehabilitation training. The interactive scalp acupuncture group was treated with scalp acupuncture on the parietal midline, and contralateral anterior parietal temporal oblique line and posterior parietal temporal oblique line at the same time of cognitive training; the scalp acupuncture group was treated with scalp acupuncture alone, and the scalp acupuncture plus cognitive training group was treated with scalp acupuncture and cognitive training in the morning and afternoon respectively. All the treatments were given once a day, 6 times a week for 8 weeks. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale score was used to evaluate the cognitive function before treatment, 4 weeks and 8 weeks into treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the total score of MoCA was increased after 4-week treatment and 8-week treatment in the three groups (@*CONCLUSION@#The interactive scalp acupuncture could significantly improve the cognitive function in patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke, and the efficacy is superior to scalp acupuncture alone and scalp acupuncture plus cognitive training.

Effect of Competitive Antagonist of Transmembrane Glutamine Flux V-9302 on Apoptosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines HL-60 and KG-1 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of V-9302 (an antagonist of transmembrane glutamine flux) on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells HL-60 and KG-1.@*METHODS@#HL-60 and KG-1 cells at logarithmic phase were treated by different concentrations of V-9302. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of the cells. Annexin V-FITC / PI double staining flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of HL-60 and KG-1 cells. The expressions of BAX, BCL-2 and Caspase3 were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#V-9302 could significantly inhibit the growth of HL-60 and KG-1 cells. The concentration of V-9302 at 10, 20 μmol/L could significantly promote the apoptosis of HL-60 and KG-1 cells(P<0.05). The results of apoptosis related gene detection showed that when V-9302 was applied to HL-60 and KG-1 cell lines at 10 and 20 μmol/L, the expression levels of Pro-apoptotic protein genes BAX and Caspase3 in HL-60 and KG-1 were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), while the expression level of anti-apoptotic protein gene BCL-2 was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of Western blot were basically consistent with that of RT-qPCR.@*CONCLUSION@#Competitive antagonist of transmembrane glutamine flux V-9302 can significantly promote the apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60 and KG-1.

Comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics between mixed medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma coexistent with papillary thyroid carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the difference of clinicopathological characteristics between mixed medullary and papillary carcinoma of thyroid and medullary carcinoma coexistent with papillary carcinoma.Method:The clinicopathological data of 3 MMPTC cases and 9 MTC-PTC cases treated at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital during the past ten years were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in clinical characteristics, pathological characteristics, immunohistochemistry results, treatment and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results:In the MMPTC group, the median onset-age was 59 years old. 3 patients were all medullary carcinoma colliding with micropapillary carcinoma. The immunohistochemistry results showed that medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma showed their distinctive immunohistochemical characteristics. The lymph node metastasis rate was 66.7% (2/3). In MTC-PTC group, the median onset-age was 55; 8 out of 9 patients had an increased preoperative calcitonin level. Medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma showed their distinctive immunohistochemical characteristics. Four out of the 9 cases had lymph node metastasis.Conclusion:Compared with MTC-PTC, MMPTC is more common in middle-aged and elder patients, with higher lymph node metastasis rate. The pathogenesis of MTC-PTC is similar to papillary thyroid carcinoma, and the treatment should be individualized. The prognosis of these two groups of patients is fair.

Epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction from 1999 to 2016 in Tianjin city / 中华预防医学杂志

To explore the epidemiological characteristics, trends and relevant factors of pre-hospital mortality due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from 1999 to 2016 in Tianjin city, based on mortality surveillance information and household registration population information. Standardized mortality rates were calculated using the year 2000 world standard population. From 1999 to 2016, the research result showed that the pre-hospital crude mortality rates of AMI were 39.47/100 000 to 90.64/100 000 and the standardized mortality rates were 30.92/100 000 to 53.90/100 000. The proportion of pre-hospital AMI deaths was 73.96%-81.92% (t=1.09, P>0.05) within the same period. Aged, female, rural residents, unmarried, divorced, widowed, low education level, and outdoor workers have a relative higher proportion of pre-hospital AMI mortality.

Investigation on the epidemic characteristics of injuries among left-behind children in rural areas in Qingyuan city, Guangdong Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemic character of injuries among rural left-behind children, so as to provide evidence for strategies and processes on preventing injuries. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling, a town was randomly selected from each of the two layers with different economic development levels in Qingxin district, Qingyuan city, Guangdong Province. The local left-behind children of 3-9 grades from 3 elementary schools and 3 middle schools were randomly selected from the local area. The student self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate the occurrence of injuries, personal circumstances, family environment and school situation in the past year. Data of injury situation, personal situation, family situation and school situation during last year were analysed by Chi-square and multiple logistic analysis. Results Injuries were reported to occur in 440 left-behind children, with an injury rate of 17.5%. Significant difference of injury rate was observed between groups divided by grades, being only-child in family, health conditions, anxiety, getting along with other students, teacher’s attitude to students, emphasizing security by teachers, knowledge level about injury, and injury-relative behaviors (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model results suggested that middle school, physical health, behavioral level, and relationship with classmates are protective factors, anxiety is a risk factor (OR=1.262,95%CI:1.009~1.577,P=0.041). Conclusions We have to take some comprehensive methods to prevent injuries that are influenced by all kinds of factors. While constructing an advantage circumstance to left-behind children, their awareness of security should also be improved to reduce the occurrence of injuries.

The neural encoding of continuous speech - recent advances in EEG and MEG studies / 生理学报

Speech comprehension is a central cognitive function of the human brain. In cognitive neuroscience, a fundamental question is to understand how neural activity encodes the acoustic properties of a continuous speech stream and resolves multiple levels of linguistic structures at the same time. This paper reviews the recently developed research paradigms that employ electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) to capture neural tracking of acoustic features or linguistic structures of continuous speech. This review focuses on two questions in speech processing: (1) The encoding of continuously changing acoustic properties of speech; (2) The representation of hierarchical linguistic units, including syllables, words, phrases and sentences. Studies have found that the low-frequency cortical activity tracks the speech envelope. In addition, the cortical activities on different time scales track multiple levels of linguistic units and constitute a representation of hierarchically organized linguistic units. The article reviewed these studies, which provided new insights into the processes of continuous speech in the human brain.

Promoting effect of local compression and fixation after debridement and suture on healing of anterior tibial flask-like wound / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the promoting effect of local compression and fixation on the healing of anterior tibial flask-like wound after debridement and suture.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 57 patients with simple anterior tibial flask-like wound admitted to the Second Hospital of Shandong University from May 2017 to June 2018.There were 32 males and 25 females,aged 20-60 years [(41.4 ± 8.1) years].The length of wound ranged from 1 to 10 cm.All patients had only acute skin and soft tissue injury,without any fracture,large area skin defect,large area avulsion injury,or chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and lower limb vascular disease.The study group contained 37 patients who were treated with local pressure dressing and limb fixation after debridement and suture while the control group included 20 patients who were treated with simple dressing after debridement and suture.At 3,5,7,14,and 21 days after operation,the size of the wound,the type and quantity of exudate,the color of skin around the wound and the type of wound tissue were compared,and the healing time was recorded.Results All patients were followed up for 30-90 days [(52.2 ± 3.5) days].Three days after operation,there was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞0.05).On the 5th day after operation,the scores of exudate amount,skin color surrounding wound and tissue types of the wound bed in the control group and the study group were (4.2 ± 0.7) points ∶ (3.3 ± 0.6) points,(3.5 ± 0.7) points ∶ (2.5 ± 0.6) points,(3.4 ± 0.6) points ∶(2.5 ± 0.5) points (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of the size of wound and the type of exudate (P ＞ 0.05).On the 7th day after operation,the scores of the size of wound,type of exudate,amount of exudate,skin color around the wound and the type of wound tissue in the control group and study group were (3.5 ± 0.5) points ∶ (2.5 ± 0.7) points,(3.4 ±0.7)points ∶ (2.4 ±0.5)points,(4.0±0.8)points ∶ (2.8 ±0.5)points,(3.4 ±0.5)points ∶ (1.3 ±0.5) points,(3.3 ± 0.5) points ∶ (2.1 ± 0.4) points (P ＜ 0.05).On the 14th day after operation,the scores of the scores of the size of wound,type of exudate,amount of exudate,skin color around the wound and the type of wound tissue in the control group and study group were (2.9 ± 0.6)points ∶ (1.2 ±0.7)points,(2.8 ±0.7)points ∶ 0 point,(3.3 ±0.7)points ∶ (1.0 ±0.0)points,(3.1 ±0.6)points ∶(1.1 ± 0.4) points,(3.0 ± 0.6) points ∶ (1.2 ± 0.5) points (P ＜ 0.05).Twenty-one days after operation,the scores of the scores of the size of wound,type of exudate,amount of exudate,skin color around the wound and the type of wound tissue in the control group and study group were (2.5 ±0.7)points ∶0 point,(2.5 ±0.5)points ∶ 0 point,(3.0 ±0.7)points ∶ (1.0 ±0.0)points,(2.6±0.7)points ∶ (1.1 ±0.3) points,(2.6 ± 1.1) points ∶ 0 point (P ＜ 0.05).The wound healing rate was 100％ in both groups.The wound healing time of the control group and the study group was (28.3 ± 6.7) days and (15.2 ± 0.9) days respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For anterior tibial flask-like wound,local pressure bandaging and fixation after debridement and suture can significantly promote wound healing compared with conventional simple bandaging,with the advantages of better healing quality and shorter healing time.

Prognostic evaluation of P53 and BCL2 proteins in MYC/BCL2 double expression DLBCL / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the strong expression (S+) of P53 and BCL2 proteins in MYC/BCL2 double-expression DLBCL (DEL) and whether they can be used for the prognostic evaluation and stratified diagnosis of DELs.@*Methods@#Tissue microarray were made by filed FFPE blocks of 174 DLBCL cases. The translocation of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 genes were detected by FISH, and the proteins were detected by IHC. Data of clinicopathologic features and follow up of patients were collected and OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression free survival) were analyzed by statistics.@*Results@#Eight double-hit lymphomas (DHLs) were identified in all cases, and 45 DELs were selected from 166 remaining cases, which have no significant difference in OS and PFS compared with non-DEL cases (P=0.668 and P=0.790) . Of 42 DEL-cases with follow up data, 24 cases with P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) are significantly shorter OS and PFS than others (P=0.003 and P=0.000) , in which the cases with P53+/BCL2 (S+) co-expression were the worst prognosis, and P53/BCL2 co-weaker positive DEL cases even have superior OS and PFS than those non-DELs. Although statistics showed that the cases of P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) have a lower OS and PFS in total cases (P=0.063 and P=0.024) , it is not the case when the DEL-cases take out from total cases, that is the cases with P53+ or/and BCL2 (S+) are as similar OS and PFS as others in non-DEL group (P=0.590 and P=0.550) .@*Conclusion@#The strong expression of P53 and BCL2 proteins can be used as indicators of stratified diagnosis and poor prognosis of DEL.