Specific expression of transmembrane protein 26 in retina and its association with primary open-angle glaucoma / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To predict the transmembrane structure of transmembrane protein 26 (TMEM26), observe its expression in human retina and mouse retina, and investigate the relationship between it and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods:The transmembrane structure of TMEM26 in human and mouse was obtained by inputting its amino acid sequences into the transmembrane protein structure prediction software, MemBrain.The expression and location of TMEM26 in human and mouse retinas were observed through frozen retinal sections stained with anti-TMEM26 antibody, which came from a human donor and five SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice.The possible function of TMEM26 gene and its influence on eyes were inferred on the basis of the specific expression of TMEM26 in retina.The single nucleotide polymorphism mutation of TMEM26 gene was searched in literature related to ocular diseases.The use and care of animals complied with the Regulations on the Management of Experimental Animals.This research protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (No.2019-36). Results:Both human and mouse TMEM26 were eight transmembrane proteins with similar eight hydrophobic transmembrane domains, four hydrophilic cytoplasmic domains and five hydrophilic extracellular membrane domains.Small differences in the number of amino acid residues in the domains of TMEM26 were found.In both human and mouse retina, TMEM26 gene was only specifically expressed in the outer plexiform layer (OPL)and inner plexiform layer (IPL). TMEM26 was weakly associated with POAG in a published data. Conclusions:TMEM26 is a multi-pass transmembrane protein, mainly expressed in IPL and OPL of the retina. TMEM26 gene is weakly related to POAG.

Application of nanomedicines targeting non-glucose nutrients in tumor starvation therapy / 中国药科大学学报

@#Starvation therapy is an emerging oncological treatment that targets the abnormally elevated nutrient uptake and metabolic pathways to inhibit and kill tumors. In addition to glucose, the targets of starvation therapy also include other nutrients in tumor cells.However, concerns like ineffective targeting and drug tolerance probably have an impact on their clinical translation.Nanomaterial-assisted starvation treatment has been developing quickly in recent years to address these concerns.In this review, several exemplary nanomedicines for starvation therapy and combined starvation therapy with other therapies were offered.They target nutrients other than glucose metabolism, including lactic acid, amino acids, and lipids, using nanomaterials to improve the efficacy of starvation therapy.This review provides reference for further development of nanomedicines with starvation treatment effect.

CircOMA1 Promotes Resistance in Prolactinoma by Regulating Dopamine Receptors / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo investigate whether hsa_circ_0002316 （circOMA1） is involved in drug resistance in prolactinoma and its mechanism. MethodsRT-qPCR was used to dectect the expression of circOMA1 in clinical prolactinoma specimens including 5 dopamine receptor agonists （DAs）-sensitive prolactinomas and 12 DAs-resistant prolactinomas. MMQ cell lines with stable expression of exogenous circOMA1 were constructed by lentivirus vector infection for in vitro experiment， and were divided into MMQ NC group and MMQ OMA1 group. Xenograft tumor models in nude mice were established for in vivo experiment， and were divided into MMQ NC+cabergoline （CAB） group， MMQ NC+bromocriptine （BRC） group， MMQ OMA1+CAB group and MMQ OMA1+BRC group. CCK8， Western blot and ELISA were performed to detect the effects of circOMA1 on cell proliferation and secretion of prolactin （PRL） in drug resistance mechanism. Western blot， ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the effect of circOMA1 on dopamine receptor expression. The mechanism of circOMA1 regulating dopamine receptor was explored by TargetScan， CircInteractome and microRNA-145-5p （miR-145-5p） minic remediation experiment. ResultsRT-qPCR showed that circOMA1 expression was increased in DAs-resistant prolactinomas （P < 0.01）. Compared with MMQ NC group， MMQ OMA1 group had lower DAs sensitivity and increased cell proliferation and prolactin secretion （P < 0.05） in vivo and in vitro. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis showed that in MMQ OMA1 group， the expression of dopamine receptor type 2 （DRD2） was down-regulated， and the expression of dopamine receptor type 5 （DRD5）， the cyclic 3 'and 5' -adenosine monophosphine （cAMP） was up-regulated （P < 0.05）. In MMQ OMA1 group， miR-145-5p expression was down-regulated， kelch repeat sequence and BTB domain-containing protein 7 （KBTBD7） mRNA and protein expression was up-regulated （P < 0.05）. After transfected with miR-145-5p minic， MMQ OMA1 group exhibited down-regulated KBTBD7 expression and up-regulated DRD2 expression （P < 0.05）， which indicated that overexpression of miR-145-5p reversed the promoting effect of circOMA1 on KBTBD7. ConclusionCircOMA1 down-regulated DRD2 expression through miR-145-5p/KBTBD7 pathway to reduce the sensitivity of prolactinoma to DAs， and regulated the expression of dopamine receptors to activate the cAMP pathway and promote the synthesis and release of prolactin， thus promoting the drug resistance in prolactinoma.

Path of social organizations participation in management of mental health in primary and middle schools / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#As an important part of the social psychological service system, social organizations provide collaborative support for the management of mental health in primary and middle schools. Based on a case of Wuhan psychological service center, the significant contributions were made by social organizations, including system building,technique provides,field supervision and resource aggregation. Social organizations efforts include improving school psychology service system, exploring school based curriculum in respond to needs, seeking solutions of the crisis, and collaborating with social resources to guide multilateral support. The path of social organizations in participating in the mental health management, the limitations and needed support would be explored.

Effect and influence factors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in children with congenital heart disease in pediatric intensive care unit / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who had undergone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods: From November 2017 to October 2018, this retrospective multi-center study was conducted in 11 hospitals in China. It contained data from 281 cases who had undergone CPR and all of the subjects were divided into CHD group and non-CHD group. The general condition, duration of CPR, epinephrine doses during resuscitation, recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), discharge survival rate and pediatric cerebral performance category in viable children at discharge were compared. According to whether malignant arrhythmia is the direct cause of cardiopulmonary arrest or not, children in CHD and non-CHD groups were divided into 2 subgroups: arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia, and the ROSC and survival rate to discharge were compared. Data in both groups were analyzed by t-test, chi-square analysis or ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to analyze the prognostic factors for ROSC and survival to discharge after cardiac arrest (CA). Results: The incidence of CA in PICU was 3.2% (372/11 588), and the implementation rate of CPR was 75.5% (281/372). There were 144 males and 137 females with median age of 32.8 (5.6, 42.7) months in all 281 CPA cases who received CPR. CHD group had 56 cases while non-CHD had 225 cases, with the percentage of 19.9% (56/281) and 80.1% (225/281) respectively. The proportion of female in CHD group was 60.7% (34/56) which was higher than that in non-CHD group (45.8%, 103/225) (χ2=4.00, P=0.045). There were no differences in ROSC and rate of survival to discharge between the two groups (P>0.05). The ROSC rate of children with arthythmid in CHD group was 70.0% (28/40), higher than 6/16 for non-arrhythmic children (χ2=5.06, P=0.024). At discharge, the pediatric cerebral performance category scores (1-3 scores) of CHD and non-CHD child were 50.9% (26/51) and 44.9% (92/205) respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent prognostic factors of ROSC and survival to discharge in children with CHD were CPR duration (odds ratio (OR)=0.95, 0.97; 95%CI: 0.92~0.97, 0.95~0.99; both P<0.05) and epinephrine dosage (OR=0.87 and 0.79, 95%CI: 0.76-1.00 and 0.69-0.89, respectively; both P<0.05). Conclusions: There is no difference between CHD and non-CHD children in ROSC and survival rate of survival to discharge was low. The epinephrine dosage and the duration of CPR are related to the ROSC and survival to discharge of children with CHD.

Study on the effect of N-acetylserotonin on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in retina of rats with retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To dynamically observe the effect of N-acetylserotonin (NAS) on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) protein in retina of retinal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) rats, and to explore the mechanism.Methods:By using random number table method, 90 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operation group ( n=10), RIRI group ( n=40), and NAS group ( n=40). The right eye was as the experimental eye. In the RIRI group and NAS group, the anterior chamber high intraocular pressure method was used to establish the RIRI model. In the NAS group, 10 mg/kg NAS was injected intraperitoneally before modeling and 30 minutes after modeling. At 6, 12, 24, 72 h after modeling, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the retina, and the retinal ganglion cells (RGC) were counted. Each group was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot about the relative expression of TNF-α, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein in the rat retina. Oneway analysis of variance was used for differences between groups. The general linear regression method was used to analyze the correlation between the relative expression changes of TNF-α protein and the changes of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression after NAS intervention. Results:Optical microscope observation revealed that the retinal edema of rats in the RIRI group was observed at 6, 12, and 24 h after modeling; the thickness of the retina in the NAS group was significantly thinner than that in the RIRI group, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=9.645, 477.150, 2.432; P<0.01). At 6, 12, 24, and 72 h after modeling, the retinal RGC counts in the NAS group were significantly higher than those in the RIRI group, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=12.225, 12.848, 117.655, 306.394; P<0.05). The results of immunohistochemical staining and Western blot showed that 6 h after modeling, the relative expression of TNF-α protein in the retina of the RIRI group increased significantly compared with that in the sham operation group, reaching a higher level at 12 h, and decreased at 24 and 72 h. But all were significantly higher than the sham operation group, the difference was statistically significant (immunohistochemical staining: F=105.893, 1 356.076, 434.026, 337.351; P<0.01; Western blot: F=92.906, 534.948, 327.600, 385.324; P<0.01). At different time points after modeling, the relative expression of TNF-α protein in the retina of the NAS group was significantly lower than that of the RIRI group (immunohistochemical staining: F=15.408, 570.482, 21.070, 13.767; P<0.05; Western blot: F=12.618, 115.735, 13.176, 111.108; P<0.05), but still higher than the sham operation group (immunohistochemical staining: F=40.709, 151.032, 156.321, 216.035; P<0.01; Western blot: F=33.943, 79.729, 74.057, 64.488; P<0.01), the difference was statistically significant; 12 h after modeling, Nrf2 in the retina of the NAS group (immunohistochemical staining: F=51.122, P<0.05; Western blot: F=33.972, P<0.05), HO-1 (immunohistochemical staining: F=30.750, P<0.05; Western blot: F=18.283, P<0.05) protein relative expression was significantly higher than that of RIRI group, and the differences were statistically significant. The results of linear regression analysis showed that the difference in the number of TNF-α + cells in the RIRI group and the NAS group was negatively correlated with the difference in the number of Nrf2 + and HO-1 + cells ( r 2=0.923, 0.936; P<0.01). Conclusions:NAS can inhibit the expression of TNF-α protein in the retina of RIRI rats and reduce RIRI. The mechanism may be related to the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Management of Gallstones and Acute Cholecystitis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: What Should We Consider When Performing Surgery?

Acute cholecystitis and several gallbladder stone-related conditions, such as impacted common bile duct stones, cholangitis, and biliary pancreatitis, are common medical conditions in daily practice. An early cholecystectomy or drainage procedure with delayed cholecystectomy is the current standard of treatment based on published clinical guidelines. Cirrhosis is not only a condition of chronically impaired hepatic function but also has systemic effects in patients. In cirrhotic individuals, several predisposing factors, including changes in the bile acid composition, increased nucleation of bile, and decreased motility of the gallbladder, contribute to the formation of biliary stones and the possibility of symptomatic cholelithiasis, which is an indication for surgical treatment. In addition to these predisposing factors for cholelithiasis, systemic effects and local anatomic consequences related to cirrhosis lead to anesthesiologic risks and perioperative complications in cirrhotic patients. Therefore, the treatment of the aforementioned biliary conditions in cirrhotic patients has become a challenging issue. In this review, we focus on cholecystectomy for cirrhotic patients and summarize the surgical indications, risk stratification, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes specific to cirrhotic patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Pepsin and Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas are common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and the incidence of both is increasing. Laryngopharyngeal reflux refers to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx, and/or nasopharynx. It remains controversial whether laryngopharyngeal reflux is a risk factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. The refluxing substances mainly include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and occasionally bile acids and bile salts, as well as bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Loss of epithelium in the mucous membrane of the larynx and hypopharynx is thought to be caused by pepsin. Here, we review the relationships between laryngopharyngeal reflux and both laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas, as well as the significance of pepsin, methods of clinical detection, and the mechanism of carcinogenesis.

Management of Gallstones and Acute Cholecystitis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: What Should We Consider When Performing Surgery?

Acute cholecystitis and several gallbladder stone-related conditions, such as impacted common bile duct stones, cholangitis, and biliary pancreatitis, are common medical conditions in daily practice. An early cholecystectomy or drainage procedure with delayed cholecystectomy is the current standard of treatment based on published clinical guidelines. Cirrhosis is not only a condition of chronically impaired hepatic function but also has systemic effects in patients. In cirrhotic individuals, several predisposing factors, including changes in the bile acid composition, increased nucleation of bile, and decreased motility of the gallbladder, contribute to the formation of biliary stones and the possibility of symptomatic cholelithiasis, which is an indication for surgical treatment. In addition to these predisposing factors for cholelithiasis, systemic effects and local anatomic consequences related to cirrhosis lead to anesthesiologic risks and perioperative complications in cirrhotic patients. Therefore, the treatment of the aforementioned biliary conditions in cirrhotic patients has become a challenging issue. In this review, we focus on cholecystectomy for cirrhotic patients and summarize the surgical indications, risk stratification, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes specific to cirrhotic patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Pepsin and Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas are common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and the incidence of both is increasing. Laryngopharyngeal reflux refers to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx, and/or nasopharynx. It remains controversial whether laryngopharyngeal reflux is a risk factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. The refluxing substances mainly include hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and occasionally bile acids and bile salts, as well as bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Loss of epithelium in the mucous membrane of the larynx and hypopharynx is thought to be caused by pepsin. Here, we review the relationships between laryngopharyngeal reflux and both laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas, as well as the significance of pepsin, methods of clinical detection, and the mechanism of carcinogenesis.

An update on the role of long non-coding RNAs in psoriasis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of vital importance for various biological processes, and dysregulation of lncRNAs is frequently associated with various diseases such as psoriasis. LncRNAs modulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in psoriasis remain largely unexplored. This review provides an overview of recent studies investigating mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in psoriasis, especially focusing on the role of lncRNAs in keratinocytes, T cells, and dendritic cells.

Advance in Minocycline for Spinal Cord Injury (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

The treatment of spinal cord injury has been the research priorities in basic and clinical medicine. This article described the mechanism of minocycline in treating spinal cord injury, including antioxidant activity, reduction of apoptosis, anti-inflammatory activity and selective regulation of microglia activation, and recent advances in clinical trials of minocycline. Minocycline targets multiple secondary injury mechanisms to promote the recovery of spinal cord injury, and further basic and clinical research will maximize the efficacy of minocycline.

Prognostic factor analysis of elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective@#To retrospectively analyze clinical data of elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)in order to investigate their prognostic factors.@*Methods@#Clinical data of SCLC patients aged 65 years and over in our hospital from January 2006 to February 2017 were analyzed.Survival data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate analysis of prognosis was conducted by Log rank test.Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox regression.@*Results@#A total of 143 patients were enrolled, the median overall survival(OS)was 17.9 months, with 21.3 months for limit stage(LD)and 9.6 months for extensive stage(ED). For LD patients, age(HR=18.688, 95%CI: 3.237-107.889), smoking index(HR=2.783, 95%CI: 1.196-6.475), thoracic irradiation(HR=0.305, 95%CI: 0.120-0.779), chemotherapy efficacy(HR=0.210, 95%CI: 0.065-0.685)were the independent risk factors for the prognosis.For ED patients, chemotherapy cycles(HR=0.461, 95%CI: 0.229-0.927)and performance status(HR=0.422, 95%CI: 0.218-0.818)were the independent risk factors for prognosis.@*Conclusions@#Smoking index, tumor stage and treatment mode can influence the survival of SCLC patients.The LD patients, who were aged less than 75 years, with smoking index less than 1000, receiving thoracic irradiation and achieving remission with chemotherapy, show a longer OS.For ED patients, a good performance status and sufficient chemotherapy can predict an improved OS.

Reoperation due to bleeding after gastrectomy: A clinical analysis of 36 cases / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To explore the causes, and prevention and treatment strategies of postoperative bleeding after gastrectomy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 36 reoperation patients with bleeding after radical gastrectomy in our hospital from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2018. The gender, age, body mass index (BMI), first operation time, resection scope, reconstruction way, combined organ resection, bleeding interval, bleeding site, bleeding cause, intraoperative treatment, complications and hospital stay after second operation were recorded. According to the location of bleeding after operation, the patients were divided into intraperitoneal bleeding group and gastrointestinal bleeding group. Aforementioned clinical features were compared between the two groups. Results: Thirty-six cases of bleeding occurred 1-247 h after operation. Totally, 29 cases underwent second operation immediately and 7 cases underwent second operation after conservative treatment. During the reoperation, 18 cases of active bleeding of blood vessels were identified and ligated or sutured; 1 case of bleeding of spleen was diagnosed and the spleen was resected; 10 cases of hemoperitoneum were found, removed fully drained; and 7 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding were identified, strengthened and sutured. One patient died of malignant arrhythmia 2 d after reoperation. One patient had duodenal stump fistula, 1 patient had pancreatic fistula, and 1 patient had pneumonia; all the 3 patients were discharged after symptomatic treatment. One patient was complicated with postoperative wound disruption and was discharged after resewing treatment. The rest patients were discharged smoothly without continuous bleeding after reoperation. There were no significant differences in age, BMI, gender, first operation time, reconstruction way, hospital stay after reoperation, combined organ resection or bleeding interval between the intraperitoneal bleeding group (29 cases) and gastrointestinal bleeding group (7 cases) (all P < 0.05). In the intraperitoneal bleeding group, there were 2 cases (6.9%) receiving proximal gastrectomy, 5 cases (17.2%) distal gastrectomy, 17 cases (58.6%) total gastrectomy, and 5 cases (17.2%) residual gastrectomy, which was significantly different from the gastrointestinal bleeding group (0, 5 [71.4%], 2 [28.6%] and 0, respectively) (P = 0.035). Conclusion: Postoperative bleeding can be manifested as intraperitoneal bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding, and active reoperation is an effective treatment.

Prognostic factor analysis of elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To retrospectively analyze clinical data of elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)in order to investigate their prognostic factors.Methods Clinical data of SCLC patients aged 65 years and over in our hospital from January 2006 to February 2017 were analyzed.Survival data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate analysis of prognosis was conducted by Log rank test.Multivariate analysis was performed by Cox regression.Results A total of 143 patients were enrolled,the median overall survival(OS)was 17.9 months,with 21.3 months for limit stage(LD)and 9.6 months for extensive stage(ED).For LD patients,age(HR =18.688,95 ％CI:3.237-107.889),smoking index (HR =2.783,95％ CI:1.196-6.475),thoracic irradiation (HR =0.305,95 ％ CI:0.120-0.779),chemotherapy efficacy (HR =0.210,95 ％ CI:0.065-0.685) were the independent risk factors for the prognosis.For ED patients,chemotherapy cycles (HR =0.461,95 ％ CI:0.229 0.927)and performance status (HR =0.422,95 ％ CI:0.218-0.818) were the independent risk factors for prognosis.Conclusions Smoking index,tumor stage and treatment mode can influence the survival of SCLC patients.The LD patients,who were aged less than 75 years,with smoking index less than 1000,receiving thoracic irradiation and achieving remission with chemotherapy,show a longer OS.For ED patients,a good performance status and sufficient chemotherapy can predict an improved OS.

Left-turning vehicle-pedestrian conflicts at signalized intersections with traffic lights: Benefit or harm? A two-stage study / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Vehicle-pedestrian conflicts are common at road intersections when traffic lights change. However, the impact of traffic light on transportation safety and efficiency remains poorly understood.@*METHODS@#A two-stage study was used to survey the proportion of intersections with conflicting traffic lights and the related transportation efficiency and safety were evaluated as well. First, a cross-sectional study estimated the proportion of signalized intersections with conflicting left-turning vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights in Changsha city, China. Second, a natural experiment compared transportation efficiency and safety between intersections with and without conflicting left-turning vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights. Risky conflicts, where motor vehicles violated laws and failed to yield to pedestrians in crosswalk were used as a surrogate for transportation safety. The number of motor vehicles and pedestrians passing through the intersections per second and per meter were used to estimate transportation efficiency. Data were collected and analyzed in 2015 (from March to December). A search of online news from domestic media sources was also conducted to collect pedestrian injury data occurring at the intersections.@*RESULTS@#About one-fourth (57/216) intersections had conflicting left-turning traffic lights (95% CI: 20.5%, 32.3%). Risky vehicle-pedestrian conflicts were more frequently observed at intersections with conflicting lights compared to those without (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.13; pedestrians: IRR = 4.02), after adjusting for type of day (weekday vs. weekend), the time period of observation, and motor vehicles traffic flow. Intersections without conflicting vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights had similar transportation efficiency to those with conflicting lights after controlling for covariates (p > 0.05). The systematic review of news media reports yielded 10 left-turning vehicle-pedestrian crash events between 2011 and 2017, involving 11 moderate or severe pedestrian injuries and 3 fatal pedestrian injuries.@*CONCLUSION@#Over one-fourth of road intersections in Changsha city, China have conflicting left-turning traffic lights. Conflicting traffic lights cannot improve transportation efficiency, but increase risky conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians.

Association between body mass index and physical fitness index in Chinese and Japanese children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness index (PFI) in Chinese and Japanese children and adolescents and to provide theoretical support for physical fitness improvement in Chinese children and adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 9 594 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were tested in China and Japan, 4 800 of which with various BMI were randomly selected for analyzing and comparing PFI between the two countries. The relationship between different BMI-Z scores and PFI was analyzed.@*Results@#In general, the PFI of wasting, normal weight, overweight and obesity in Chinese boys was -1.17, -0.03, 0.04 and 0.26, the figures were -2.59, -0.34, -1.46 and -2.44 for Japanese boys, significant differences were found in overweight and obese group (P<0.01). the PFI of wasting, normal weight, overweight and obesity in Chinese girls was -1.18, -0.08, 0.01 and 1.03, the figures were -1.21, 0.51, 0.11 and -1.30 for Japanese girls, significant differences were found in normal weight and obese group(P<0.05). Significant differences in PFI were found within Chinese boys, Chinese children, Japanese boys, Japanese girls and Japanese children with different BMI-Z levels(F=2.89, 3.05, 4.81, 2.33,5.34,P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#There is an inverted "U" curve relationship between BMI and PFI in Chinese and Japanese children and adolescents. With the increase of BMI-Z score, decreasing rate of PFI in Chinese boys is higher than Japanese boys. Practical and effective intervention measures should be taken to improve physical fitness of children and adolescents in China.

Efficacy of S-1 in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with More Than Two Lines of Chemotherapy / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#There is no standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after the failure of two lines of chemotherapy, S-1 as the third generation of fluorouracil derivate with well safety and low toxicity, presented some efficacy in lung cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy of S-1 for advanced NSCLC patients treated with two or more prior chemotherapy regimens.@*METHODS@#We performed a retrospective analysis of 105 NSCLC patients treated with S-1 monotherapy or S-1 contained chemotherapy as the third or more line of treatment in our hospital from January 2014 to April 2017. S-1 was administrated orally twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by one week of rest, the dose of drug was determined by body surface area (<1.25 m2, 80 mg/d; 1.25 m2-1.5 m2, 100 mg/d; ≥1.5 m2, 120 mg/d), platinum or the third-generation chemotherapy drugs could be combinedly used. Clinical response was assigned every cycle according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate progression-free survival (PFS).@*RESULTS@#42 patients received S-1 monotherapy, the other 63 patients received combined regimens, the median treatment line was 4 (3-11) and the median treatment cycle was 2 (1-14). No complete response (CR) were observed, there were 4 patients with partial response (PR), 34 patients with stable disease (SD) and 67 patients with progressive disease (PD), the objective response rate (ORR) was 3.81%, disease control rate (DCR) was 36.19%. The median PFS was 1.90 months (0.67 months-10.83 months), no difference between monotherapy and combined group (DCR: 28.56% vs 41.27%, P=0.185), the liver metastasis showed poorer PFS (1.40 months vs 1.93 months , P=0.042).@*CONCLUSIONS@#S-1 presented some activity in advanced NSCLC treated with more than two lines of treatment. The addition of other drugs cannot improve efficacy. S-1 monotherapy can be used as a choice for heavily-treated patients.

Molecular mechanism of alcohol-associated gastric cancer / 中国药理学通报

Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer in China. Alcohol consumption is related to gastric cancer as a sig-nificant risk factor. Some key enzymes is expected to influence the alcohol-associated metabolism. There are many molecular mechanisms of alcohol-related gastric cancer, such as generation of acetaldehyde by microbiome, inflammation, up-regulation of Pol Ⅲ genes, carcinogen-DNA adduct formation and genetic polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes. Different types and concentrations of alcohol have different effects on the devel-opment of gastric cancer. This review presents a systematic ex-position on the molecular mechanism of alcohol-associated gastric cancer.

Judgements of different respondents on the causes of suicidal behavior / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the attribution of suicidal behavior which was judged by different respondents of suicide and suicide attempts.Methods Suicide attempts (120 cases) and suicide deaths (151 cases) were recruited.For each cases,a co-habitat family member and an associate (majority were neighbors) were interviewed independently.The attempter himself/herself was also interviewed.Every respondent reported the cause of the index suicide behavior,life events occurred one year prior to suicidal behavior,and depressive symptoms in one month prior to suicidal behavior.Results For suicide group,31.2％ of family member respondent attributed the index suicidal behavior to physical illness,15.6％ of them attributed it to family conflicts,and 7.8％ of them attributed it to depression.However,among associate respondents,24.8％,28.4％ and 13.5％ of them attributed the index suicidal behavior to physical illness,family conflicts,and depression.Family members were less likely attributed suicidal behavior to family conflict (x2=11.17,P ＜0.01),and associates were less likely attributed it to physical illness (Fisher's exact test,P＜0.01).In suicide attempt group,61.2％ of attempters themselves,60.5％ of family members and 69.2％ of associates attributed suicidal behavior to family conflict;10.3％ of attempters themselves,11.4％ of family members and 3.4％ of associates attributed it to physical illness.The associates were less likely attributed it to physical illness (Cochran Q=12.80,P＜0.01).Only 4.3％ of attempters,2.6％ of family members and 2.6％ of associates attributed index suicide behavior to depression.In the attempt group,29 attempters themselves,14 family members and 9 associates reported that the attempter had five or above depressive symptoms,but only 1 attempter himself,1 family member and none of associates attributed the attempt to depression.In suicide death group,45 family members and 49 associates reported the decedents had five or above depressive symptoms,but only 6 family member and l0 associates attributed index suicidal behaviors to depression.The respondents who attributed index suicidal behavior to family conflict reported a higher score of acute stress due to life events of family conflicts.Conclusion All respondents underestimate the effect of depression on suicidal behaviors.It is important to promote public health education on depression.Family conflict is one of the major precipitating factors of suicide behavior in China.