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[Objective]To investigate the effects of Kuanxiong aerosol(KXA)on pyroptosis and inflammatory response in isoproterenol(ISO)-induced myocardial infarction(MI)rats,and its effect on the key pathway of pyroptosis Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88(MyD88)/NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)/cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1).[Methods]Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups,6 rats in each group,as control group(0.9％sodium chloride solution),model group(ISO 120 mg·kg-1),isosorbide mononitrate(IMSN)group(ISO 120 mg·kg-1+IMSN 5 mg/kg·d),KXA low dose group(ISO 120 mg·kg-1+KXA 0.1 mL/kg·d),and KXA high dose group(ISO 120 mg·kg-1+KXA 0.3 mL/kg·d),gave continuous intragastric administration for 14 days,and intraperitoneal injection of ISO on the 13th and 14th day.After the last intervention,collected heart tissues and blood under anesthesia.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to investigate the expression of creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB)and cardiac troponin T(cTnT),as well as serum inflammatory indicators such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-18(IL-18),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).The histopathological changes in heart tissue were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and RNA-sequencing was used to detect the differential expression genes among groups.And the expression of the pyroptosis relevant protein was detected by Western blot.[Results]The results of the ELISA showed that CK-MB and cTnT expression in model group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.01),which meant successful model construction.Pathological staining results showed disordered and fractured muscle fibers were significantly improved after KXA and IMSN intervention.RNA-seq results showed there were 2 646 different genes between model group and control group,while 714 other genes were in KXA and model group.After analyzing these two compared groups,it found that there were 130 up-regulated genes and 7 down-regulated genes;among them,inflammation related TLR4 pathway was significantly enriched.Furthermore,compared with model group,the expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-18,IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly in KXA groups and IMSN group(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),and Western blot showed that the protein expression of TLR4,MyD88,phospho-nuclear factor-KB(p-NF-KB)p65,NLRP3,cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(cleaved caspase-1)and Gasdermin D-N(GSDMD-N)increased significantly in model group while significantly down-regulated in KXA groups and IMSN group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).[Conclusion]KXA can improve myocardial ischemia,reduce cardiac damage,and inhibit cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and inflammatory response,the mechanism may be related to regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway.
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Objective:To study the size difference of bilateral axillary vein in adults, and to provide basis for the design of interventional surgical treatment.Methods:From December 2017 to December 2018, 145 inpatients (117 cases of hypertension, 28 cases of heart failure) and 87 healthy volunteers were selected from the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang as study objects.The size of bilateral axillary vein of each study object was measured and the difference was statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 232 subjects, the dominant hand was the right hand, accounting for 95.7% (222/232). There were no statistically significant differences in the size of left and right axillary veins (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the other indicators except age between the two groups (all P>0.05). The diameter of axillary vein was (0.67±0.15)cm in male and (0.53±0.13)cm in female, the difference is statistically significant( P=0.000). In the healthy control group, the dominant, non-dominant and large cross-sectional areas were (0.54±0.17)mm 2, (0.54±0.15)mm 2, (0.60±0.16)mm 2, respectively, which in the hypertension group were (0.55±0.14)mm 2, (0.54±0.14)mm 2, (0.59±0.14)mm 2, respectively, which in the heart failure group were (0.54±0.16)mm 2, (0.56±0.19)mm 2, (0.59±0.1)mm 2, respectively, there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The difference is not obvious in the size of bilateral axillary vein, and there is no correlation between the size of bilateral axillary vein and dominant hand.The size of axillary vein in adults of different genders is different, and the size of axillary vein can be estimated by the gender of subjects, but not by the dominant hand or other data.
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Objective To explore the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and its clinical significance.Methods Nighty cases with CHD in our hospital from January 2015 to February 2016 were selected as study group, while 30 cases healthy persons underwent physical examination were selected as control group, and the study group were divided into stable angina pectoris ( SAP) group, acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) group and unstable angina pectoris ( UAP) group.The serum VEGF and hs-CRP levels were detected by ELISA.Results The serum VEGF and hs-CRP levels in study group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05).The serum VEGF and hs-CRP levels in AMI group were higher than those in SAP group and UAP group, the serum VEGF and hs-CRP levels in UAP group were higher than SAP group (P<0.05).There was positive correlation between serum level of VEGF and hs-CRP(r=0.626,P<0.05).The ROC showed a higher diagnostic value of VEGF and hs-CRP on CHD.Conclusion The serum levels of VEGF and hs-CRP has a higher diagnostic value and accuracy on CHD, which could evaluate the patient’s condition and predict the progress of cardiovascular events.
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Objective To explore the protective effect of a small balloon on bifurcation lesions by applying a single stent treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions strategy. Methods Fifty patients with coronary bifurcation lesions were randomly divided into A group and B group( 25 cases for each group ). Patients in A group were treated with the pre-entry protection branch guide wire to complete the main branch balloon pre-dilation,stenting,while in B group were treated with the set aside the branches of a small balloon. The information of main branch balloon pre-dilation,stenting were recorded. The blood flow slowed down,the incidence of side branch occlusion or stent placement,and the incidence of postoperative 24 h troponin I( cTnI) levels were measured. Results Nine cases(36%)in A group occurred lower branch blood flow,which due to 4 cases(16% )with significantly narrow branch stenting,2 cases(8%)with complete occlusion. There were only 2 cases(8%)with decrease branching blood flow in B group,and the difference was significant(P=0. 041, 0. 022). The cases with higher cTnI after 24 h in A group were 11( 39%),significantly higher in group B (3(12 %);P =0. 027 ). Conclusion Compared with the traditional protection guidewire,the approach of setting aside a small balloon to protect important branch can effectively prevent important branch occlusion, branch involvement due to lower incidence of myocardial infarction.