Validation of Pharyngeal Acid Reflux Episodes Using Hypopharyngeal Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance-pH

Background/Aims@#Hypopharyngeal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (HMII-pH) technology incorporating 2 trans-upper esophageal sphincter impedance channels has been developed to detect pharyngeal reflux. We used the HMII-pH technique to validate the candidate pharyngeal acid reflux (PAR) episodes based on the dual-pH tracings and determined the interobserver reproducibility. @*Methods@#We conducted a cross-sectional study in tertiary centers in Taiwan. Ninety patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux and 28 healthy volunteers underwent HMII-pH test when off acid suppressants. Candidate PAR episodes were characterized by pharyngeal pH drops of at least 2 units and reaching a nadir pH of 5 within 30 seconds during esophageal acidification. Two experts manually independently identified candidate PAR episodes based on the dual-pH tracings. By reviewing the HMII-pH tracings, HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes were subsequently confirmed. The consensus reviews of HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes were considered to be the reference standard diagnosis. The interobserver reproducibility was assessed. @*Results@#A total of 105 candidate PAR episodes were identified. Among them 84 (80.0%; 95% CI, 71.0-87.0%) were HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes (82 in 16 patients and 2 in 1 healthy subject). Patients tended to have more HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes than healthy controls (median and percentile values [25th, 75th, and 95th percentiles]: 0 [0, 0, 3] vs 0 [0, 0, 0], P = 0.067). The concordance rate in diagnosing HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes between 2 independent observers was 92.2%. @*Conclusion@#Our preliminary data showed that 80.0% (71.0-87.0%) of the proposed candidate PAR episodes were HMII-pH-proven PAR episodes, among which the interobserver reproducibility was good.

Application of Worst lacrimal probe combined with modified lacrimal duct threading intubation in anastomosis of complex canalicular laceration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the application value of Worst lacrimal probe combined with modified lacrimal duct intubation in anastomosis of complex canalicular laceration.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 68 cases(68 eyes)with complex traumatic canalicular laceration treated in the ophthalmology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from March 1, 2019 to March 31, 2021 were selected. They were divided into two groups according to the surgical methods, with 36 patients(36 eyes)who were treated with the Worst lacrimal probe to find the broken end of lacrimal duct combined with improved lacrimal duct threading intubation in group A, and 32 patients(32 eyes)who were treated with microscope to find the broken end of lacrimal duct and two-way intubation anastomosis canaliculus intubation in group B. The clinical efficacy, success rate of intraoperative search for the broken end of lacrimal duct, searching time, operation time, the degree of pain, postoperative ocular foreign body sensation and complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The total effective rate of clinical efficacy in patients of group A was higher than that in group B(94% vs. 38%), the success rate of intraoperative search for broken end of lacrimal duct was higher than that in group B(100% vs. 47%), the searching time and operation time were shorter than those in group B, and the score of pain degree was lower than that in group B(all P<0.05). The postoperative follow-up for 6mo-1a showed that the ocular foreign body sensation score, the incidence of lacrimal punctum rupture and morphological change, and the degree of tear overflow in group A were all lower than those in group B(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Worst lacrimal probe combined with modified lacrimal duct intubation for the treatment of complex traumatic canalicular laceration can find the broken end of lacrimal duct more accurately, shorten the operation time, reduce the pain and foreign body sensation of patients, improve clinical efficacy and reduce the incidence of complications.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by donor liver from cardiac death through Sirt3 / 器官移植

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induced by donor liver after cardiac death in rat models. Methods Rat models of orthotopic liver transplantation were established by "magnetic ring + double cuff" method. SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group (Sham group), orthotopic liver transplantation group (OLT group), NMN treatment + orthotopic liver transplantation group (NMN group), NMN+sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) inhibitor (3-TYP) + orthotopic liver transplantation group (NMN+3-TYP group), respectively. Pathological changes and hepatocyte apoptosis of the rats were observed in each group. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver tissues were detected. The expression levels of Sirt3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)Ⅱ, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20) in liver tissues were measured. Postoperative survival of the rats in each group was analyzed. Results Compared with the Sham group, serum ALT and AST levels were higher in the OLT group. Compared with the OLT group, the levels of ALT and AST were decreased in the NMN group. Compared with the NMN group, the levels of ALT and AST were increased in the NMN +3-TYP group (all P < 0.05). The liver tissue structure of rats in the Sham group was basically normal. In the OLT group, pathological changes, such as evident congestion, vacuolar degeneration and hepatocyte necrosis, were observed in the liver tissues. Compared with the Sham group, Suzuki score and apoptosis rate were higher in the OLT group. Suzuki score and apoptosis rate in the NMN group were lower than those in the OLT group. Suzuki score and apoptosis rate in the NMN+3-TYP group were higher compared with those in the NMN group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the Sham group, the SOD content was decreased, whereas the MDA content was increased in the OLT group. Compared with the OLT group, the SOD content was increased, whereas the MDA content was decreased in the NMN group. Compared with the NMN group, the SOD content was decreased, whereas the MDA content was increased in the NMN+3-TYP group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the Sham group, the relative expression levels of Sirt3 and TOMM20 proteins were down-regulated, whereas those of PINK1, Parkin and LC3Ⅱproteins were up-regulated in the OLT group. Compared with the OLT group, the relative expression levels of Sirt3, PINK1, Parkin and LC3Ⅱproteins were up-regulated, whereas that of TOMM20 protein was down-regulated in the NMN group. Compared with the NMN group, the relative expression levels of PINK1, Parkin and LC3Ⅱproteins were down-regulated, whereas that of TOMM20 protein was up-regulated in the NMN+3-TYP group (all P < 0.05). In the Sham group, the 7 d survival rate of rats was 100%, 50% in the OLT group, 75% in the NMN group and 58% in the NMN+3-TYP group, respectively. Conclusions NMN may enhance the antioxidative capacity of the liver, induce PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy, and alleviate IRI of the liver by up-regulating Sirt3, thereby playing a protective role in the donor liver after cardiac death.

Development and application of emergency management information systems for medical radiation / 中国辐射卫生

High-energy radiation derived from X-ray, γ-ray, neutrons, and other radioisotopes has been widely used for disease diagnosis and treatmentin clinical practice. Notably, high-energy radiation has been proven to increase the cure rate, prolong the survival time, and improve the quality of life among patients with malignant tumors. However, radiation poses huge threats to human health and life. Establishment of effective emergency management information systems for medical radiation is therefore of great significance to evaluate the radiation safety, predict the leakage of radioactive materials, and propose effective responses. This review summarizes the development and application of currently main emergency management information systems for medical radiation, so as to provide a reference for the establishment of sensitive and effective hospital-based radiation emergency management information systems.

Isolation, culture and identification of mouse amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells / 器官移植

Objective To explore the isolation, culture and identification of mouse amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AF-MSC). Methods The uteruses of pregnant mice were obtained under sterile conditions. The amniotic fluid was collected, filtered and centrifuged, and the precipitated cell mass was cultured and passaged. The morphology of AF-MSC was observed and the proliferation characteristics of AF-MSC were analyzed. The surface markers of AF-MSC were identified by flow cytometry. The osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation capability of AF-MSC and cell vitality after cryopreservation and resuscitation were evaluated. Results The mouse AF-MSC was seen in typical spindle shape, and vortex structure could be observed when the cell confluency exceeded 80%. No evident latency was noted in the passage and culture of mouse AF-MSC. After 2-3 d culture, AF-MSC proliferated in the logarithmic growth stage with the fastest growth rate, which was slowed down and entered into the plateau period. AF-MSC expressed stem cell antigen (Sca)-1, CD29 and CD44 rather than CD34 and CD45. After the osteogenic differentiation of mouse AF-MSC, the mineralized crystals were stained in dark red spots by Alizarin red S staining. After chondrogenic differentiation, the secreted acid mucopolysaccharide was stained in light blue by Alcian blue. After adipogenic differentiation, cytoplasmic lipid droplets were stained in red by oil red O staining. After cryopreservation and resuscitation, the survival rate of AF-MSC exceeded 95%, and the growth status was excellent. The proliferation ability at 6 d was significantly better than that before cryopreservation (P < 0.05), and the proliferation ability at other time points did not significantly differ from that before cryopreservation (all P > 0.05). Conclusions Mouse AF-MSC may be successfully isolated with convenient procedure and the low cost. In addition, the isolated AF-MSC may be purified along with the increasing times of passage. Cryopreservation does not affect the proliferation ability of AF-MSC.

Application progress of extracellular vesicle in liver transplantation / 器官移植

Liver transplantation is an effective treatment of end-stage liver diseases. However, liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and rejection significantly cause the decrease of survival rate of liver graft. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a novel method, which can not only alleviate liver IRI, but also promote immune tolerance of allograft, thereby improving the survival rate of liver graft. Extracellular vesicle (EV) is nanoparticle released from cells into the extracellular microenvironment, which may alleviate graft injury by repairing autophagy, immunosuppression and accelerating tissue regeneration. Hence, EV becomes a research hot spot in the field of liver transplantation. Nevertheless, the clinical application of EV encounters multiple challenges, such as separation, purification, identification, storage of EV and how to deliver EV to the target cells. In this article, the mechanism of EV in liver IRI, the challenges in clinical application of EV and the potential application of EV were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for the clinical application of EV in liver transplantation.

Chinese Experts Consensus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (2020 Version) / 中国肺癌杂志

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. The systemic antitumor therapy of advanced NSCLC has undergone renovations of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which results in greatly improved survival for patients with advanced NSCLC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), has changed the treatment paradigm of NSCLC. ICIs have become the standard treatment for advanced NSCLC without epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation or anaplastic lymphomakinase(ALK) translocation in the first- or second-line setting, and for locally advanced NSCLC following concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. ICIs are also promising in adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy. More and more ICIs have been approved domestically for the treatment of NSCLC. Led by the NSCLC expert committee of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), this consensus was developed and updated based on thoroughly reviewing domestic and foreign literatures, clinical trial data, systematic reviews, experts' discussion and the consensus(2019 version). This consensus will aid domestic clinicians in the treatment of NSCLC with ICIs.
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Research Advances on Transformation to Small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

The transformation of non-small cell lung cancer to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the major resistant mechanisms, especially patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Translational SCLC has been found to have similar clinical features to primary SCLC. Chemotherapy was short-term effective for transformational SCLC, with a median survival of only about 1 year. The deletion of RB1 and the change of somatic copy number were associated with SCLC transformation. Although the molecular mechanism of SCLC transformation is still not fully understood. At the same time, the treatment of transformational SCLC also faces great challenges. Currently, chemotherapy regimens for SCLC are the main treatment options for transforming SCLC. Combination therapy, local treatment and strategies for prevention of SCLC transformatio are also being explored. This article will review research advances on the clinical features, molecular mechanism and treatment options of translational SCLC.
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Acupuncture for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Overview of Systematic Reviews / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the quality of the existing studies and summarize evidence of important outcomes of meta-analyses/systematic reviews (MAs/SRs) of CFS.@*METHODS@#Potentially eligible studies were searched in the following electronic databases from inception to 1 September, 2019: Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Database (WF), Web of Science, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library. Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. The methodological quality of the literature was evaluated by A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and the quality of the report was assessed by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). The intra-class correlation coefficient was used to assess the consistency of the reviewers, with an overall intraclass correlation coefficient score of 0.967.@*RESULTS@#Ten MAs/SRs were included. The overall conclusions were that acupuncture had good safety and efficacy in the treatment of CFS, but some of these results were contradictory. The GRADE indicated that out of the 17 outcomes, high-quality evidence was provided in 0 (0%), moderate in 3 (17.65%), low in 10 (58.82%), and very low in 4 (23.53%). The results of AMSTAR-2 showed that the methodological quality of all included studies was critically low. The PRISMA statement revealed that 8 articles (80%) were in line with 20 of the 27-item checklist, and 2 articles (20%) matched with 10-19 of the 27 items.@*CONCLUSION@#We found that acupuncture on treating CFS has the advantage for efficacy and safety, but the quality of SRs/MAs of acupuncture for CFS need to be improved.

Belatacept: a new weapon in anti-rejection battlefield / 器官移植

As a co-stimulatory blocker against CD28 receptor, belatacept has been approved and applied to the treatment of rejection in organ transplantation in Europe and America. Belatacept has been proven to outperform calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) in improving the long-term survival rate of recipients and grafts, and enhancing graft function. Nevertheless, it might cause a high incidence of rejection. To resolve this issue, transplant workers have attempted to optimize belatacept immunosuppressive regimen and achieved good clinical efficacy. Although belatacept has been proven to exert poor effect on memory T cells, it has potential value in exploring new co-stimulatory molecular targets to optimize immunosuppressive regimes due to its specificity for immune cells and mild adverse effects. In this article, the advent of co-stimulatory blocker, clinical efficacy and application of belatacept, and the causes of belatacept-resistant rejection were reviewed.

Research progress in the children dietary index / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Given the improved understanding of the complexity of individual diets, the method of evaluating dietary characteristics by analyzing the overall dietary pattern has been widely explored. The Dietary Index is commonly used to assess dietary patterns. Some countries have established dietary indices that are suitable for the diet and growth characteristics of children in their domestic population. The study aimed to review widely used and representative dietary indices for children, and to analyze the characteristics of the established index system and the scoring methods that were used for each dietary index, so as to provide a basis for developing a more accurate assessment of overall diet quality in children.

Ovarian cancer risk score predicts chemo-response and outcome in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients / 부인종양

Objective@#Cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is a standard frontline treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We aimed to develop an ovarian cancer risk score (OVRS) based on the expression of 10 ovarian-cancer-related genes to predict the chemoresistance, and outcomes of EOC patients. @*Methods@#We designed a case-control study with total 149 EOC women including 75 chemosensitives and 74 chemoresistants. Gene expression was measured using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We tested for correlation between the OVRS and chemosensitivity or chemoresistance, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), and validated the OVRS by analyzing patients from the TCGA database. @*Results@#The chemosensitive group had lower OVRS than the chemoresistant group (5 vs.15, p≤0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). Patients with disease relapse (13 vs. 5, p60 months) of patients with OVRS ≥10 were significantly shorter than those of patients with OVRS <9). The high OVRS group also had significantly shorter median OS than the low OVRS group in 255 patients in the TCGA database (39 vs. 49 months, p=0.046). @*Conclusions@#Specific genes panel can be clinically applied in predicting the chemoresistance and outcome, and decision-making of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Current and future drug combination strategies based on programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made breakthroughs in the field of lung cancer and have become a focal point for research. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor monotherapy was the first to break the treatment pattern for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, owing to the limited benefit of ICI monotherapy at the population level and its hyper-progressive phenomenon, it may not meet clinical needs. To expand the beneficial range of immunotherapy and improve its efficacy, several research strategies have adopted the use of combination immunotherapy. At present, multiple strategies, such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitors, and radiotherapy, as well as combined treatment with new target drugs, have been evaluated for clinical practice. To further understand the current status and future development direction of immunotherapy, herein, we review the recent progress of ICI combination therapies for NSCLC.

Thoughts on the Construction of Standard and Method Database for Drug Quality Sampling and Inspection in Provincial Inspection Institutions / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for improving the operation efficiency of drug quality sampling and inspection in China . METHODS ：Starting from the application and management situation of inspection standards/methods in provincial inspection institutions ，the problems existing in the application and management of inspection standards/methods in provincial inspection institutions were analyzed ；the inspection standards/methods database of provincial inspection institutions is attempted to build，combining with the relevant experience and practices of FDA. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The inspection methods involved in drug sampling and inspection could be divided into official standards and non-standard methods. Official standards were the main standards for drug sampling and inspection ，and were mainly used for routine inspection. Such kind of standards could be classified according to the characteristics of compiled ，single-page and later-issued supplementary ；an electronic catalogue should be established for unified management. Non-standard methods were only used for sample preliminary screening ，verification of official inspection results ，quality evaluation and inspection of unknown or suspicious samples in emergency inspection. Its tracking，collection and management mechanisms were not yet complete. It is recommended to draw on the experience of drug sampling and inspection in the United States so as to establish method database hierarchically. For the mature method established in drug supervision system ，an electronic catalog and document content database should be established and the method should be confirmed before use ；for national standards and the recommended methods published by authoritative institutions in other industries，and mature methods published in scientific and technological literature ，the retrieval channels should be listed ，the methods should be verified ，reviewed and approved before use ，and an electronic catalogue should be established and recorded in time after use. The electronic catalogue format of non-standard methods generally include controlled number ，applicable variety name，method name ，inspection items ，etc.

The research progress of the mechanism and treatment for radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction / 中华神经科杂志

Radiotherapy is still a major part of the program about treating various head and neck cancers. While improving the survival rate of head and neck cancer patients, radiotherapy can cause the decline of learning, memory, orientation and other functions, seriously, even lead to dementia, namely radiation induced cognitive dysfunction (RICD), which has become a critical factor affecting the quality of life for patients. Because of occult onset and unclear pathogenesis, so far there is few effective preventive and therapeutic tools for RICD. In this paper, the latest research progress on the pathogenesis and treatments of RICD is summarized.

Organ specific differences in alteration of aquaporin expression in rats treated with sennoside A, senna anthraquinones and rhubarb anthraquinones / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Senna and rhubarb are classified as stimulative laxatives, and known to have similar effec?tive constituents, the anthraquinones. Being protected by theβ-glucoside bond, the anthraquinones can reach the intes?tines where they are degraded into complex metabolites by enzymes secreted from the intestinal microbiome. It is these complex metabolites that produce the laxative effects. Then the similarities and differences of action between the anthra?quinones require further elucidation. METHODS Here, we studied metabolites of senna anthraquinones (SAQ), rhubarb anthraquinones (RAQ) and their chemical marker, sennoside A (SA), in a rat diarrhea model. In the in vitro biotransfor?mation experiments, SAQ, RAQ and SA were incubated with rat fecal flora solution and the metabolites produced were analyzed using HPLC. In the in vivo studies, the same compounds were investigated for purgation induction, with mea?surement of histopathology and multiple aquaporins (Aqps) gene expression in six organs. RESULTS SAQ and RAQ had similar principal constituents but could be degraded into different metabolites. A similar profile of Aqps down-regula?tion for all compounds was seen in the colon, suggesting a similar mechanism of action for purgation. However, in the kidneys and livers of the diarrhea-rats, down-regulation of Aqps was found in the RAQ-rats whereas up-regulation of Aqps was seen in the SAQ-rats. Furthermore, the RAQ-rats showed lower aquaporin 2 (Aqp2) protein expression in the kidneys, whilst the SA-rats and SAQ-rats had higher Aqp2 protein expression in the kidneys. This may have implications for side effects of SAQ or RAQ in patients with chronic kidney or liver diseases. CONCLUSION SAQ and RAQ showed similar laxative actions with a similar mechanism, they could display different actions in rat kidneys and livers. We suggest that the clinical usage of senna or rhubarb products should be clarified for patients having chronic kidney or liver diseases.

Preparation of mitochondrial targeted calcium arsenite/doxorubicin lipid nanoparticles and the in vitro study in reversing tumor drug resistance / 药学学报

This study aims at the critical role of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in tumor drug resistance, taking advantage of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) dependence of P-gp mediated drug transport and efflux across the cell membrane. Mitochondrial targeted calcium arsenite/doxorubicin (DOX) lipid nanoparticles were constructed via hydrothermal method and thin-film dispersion method for reversing tumor drug resistance. The results showed that the lipid nanoparticles were uniform in size and well dispersed with a mean particle size of (261 ± 7) nm, zeta potential of (-9.6 ± 1.3) mV. The DOX loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 22.6% and 84.0%. The in vitro drug release profile was pH-dependent; the drug accumulation at mitochondria was significantly increased, which then caused overload of calcium and inhibition of P-gp and ATP, thereby reversing tumor drug resistance. The simultaneously released arsenite ion and DOX could synergistically kill the tumor cells. In summary, the lipid nanoparticles prepared in this study have uniform particle size, high drug loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency, excellent colloidal stability, pH responsiveness, and impressive ability to reverse tumor drug resistance, which may hold great potential in further clinical applications.

Current status of asthma control and influencing factors of occupational sensitizer-induced asthma / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the asthma control status of occupational sensitizer-induced asthma(OSIA) and explore the influencing factors. METHODS: A total of 50 OSIA patients were selected as study subjects by judgment sampling method. Asthma Control Test(ACT) and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to investigate the asthma control status and the quality of life of patients. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) level, pulmonary function, peripheral blood eosinophil ratio(EOS%)and serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE) level of the patients were measured. RESULTS: Among the 50 cases of OSIA patients, 27(54.0%) cases were well controlled, and 23(46.0%) cases were non-fully controlled. The patients with allergic rhinitis, with no inhaled corticosteroids treatment and with poor compliance were risk factors of the non-fully controlled OSIA(all P<0.05). The scores of ACT and the quality of life, and the percentage of the first second forced expiratory volume(FEV_1%) decreased(all P<0.05), while the level of FeNO increased(P<0.05) in the non-fully controlled group compare with the well-controlled group. There was no statistical significance in EOS% and serum total IgE level between the two groups(both P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Allergic rhinitis, lack of inhaled corticosteroids treatment and poor compliance are the influencing factors that affect the control of OSIA. The combinational scores of ACT and quality of life, FeNO, FEV_1% and other indicators can reflect the status of OSIA and assess the level of asthma control, and help guiding OSIA diagnosis and treatment plans.

Anxiety and its influencing factors on patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the status and its influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in patients with occupational noise-induced deafness(ONID). METHODS: A total of 220 ONID patients were selected as the ONID group,and 200 healthy participants without noise exposure were selected as the control group by judge sampling method.The two groups were investigated by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory was used to evaluate the disability levels of tinnitus, and pure-tone audiometry was used to assess the degree of tinnitus and hearing impairment in the ONID group. RESULTS: The incidence of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorder were higher in the ONID group than that in the control group(52.7% vs 9.0%, 55.0% vs 15.0%, 52.3% vs 7.0%, P<0.05). In ONID with anxiety subgroup, the duration of disease was longer(1.0 vs 2.0 years, P<0.01), incidences of tinnitus, depression and sleep disorder were higher than those in ONID without anxiety subgroup(92.3% vs 100.0%, 18.3% vs 87.9%, 19.2% vs 81.9%, P<0.01). The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the longer the duration of disease and the more severe of the tinnitus, the higher the risk of anxiety symptoms in patients with ONID [the odds ratio(OR) and its 95% confidence interval(CI) were 1.35(1.10-1.65) and 2.94(1.56-5.54) respectively, P<0.01]. The risk of anxiety in patients with sleep disorders was higher than those without sleep disorders [OR(95%CI) was 12.78(5.90-27.64), P<0.01]. CONCLUSION: The ONID patients are more likely to have anxiety. The duration of disease, severity of tinnitus and sleep disorders are the risk factors causing anxiety in ONID patients.

Effects of storage time and temperature of blood and cancer samples on the quality of RNA, DNA and protein / 肿瘤研究与临床

Biobank provides abundant sample resources for clinical and basic research, and the data derived from related research provides valuable information to guide the treatment of patients, which accelerate the speed of basic research and application of translational research. At present, extensive research has been conducted on the factors contributing to sample quality through cancer sample processing and storage, but the conclusion varies widely. Moreover, many studies in China and abroad have shown that the storage time and temperature of the cancer samples are the key factors affecting the quality of the samples, but there is no systematic review. This article reviews the effects of time and temperature on the quality of RNA, DNA and protein in blood and cancer samples during sample collection and storage.