Observation on the efficacy of moderate and high myopia patients with vault greater than 1 000 μm after implantation of phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the efficacy of moderate and high myopia patients with vault greater than 1 000μm after implantation of phakic posterior chamber implantable contact lens(ICL).METHODS: A total of 42 patients(73 eyes)who received ICL implantation in the hospital and had postoperative vault greater than 1 000 μm between January 2014 and January 2017 were selected and retrospectively studied. Changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell density, anterior chamber-related parameters(chamber angle, central anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber volume)and vault were compared among patients before surgery, at 1, 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery and at the last follow-up.RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)at 1, 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery and at the last follow-up was better than that before surgery(all P<0.05), and the chamber angle, central anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber volume were smaller or lower than those before surgery(all P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in UCVA, chamber angle, central anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber volume at each time point after surgery(all P>0.05). The intraocular pressure at 1mo after surgery was lower than that before surgery(P<0.05), but the intraocular pressure at 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery and at the last follow-up was not statistically different from that before surgery(all P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the corneal endothelial cell density at 1, 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery and at the last follow-up compared with that before surgery(all P>0.05). The vault at 1, 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery and at the last follow-up showed a decreasing trend, and the difference was statistically significant at each time point after surgery(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The short-term and long-term efficacy are better in moderate and high myopia patients with vault greater than 1 000 μm after ICL implantation, and there are no significant effects on the intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell. The postoperative anterior chamber structure is relatively stable and the vault tends to decrease over time. In most cases, close observation is sufficient and intraocular lens replacement is generally not required.

Preparation and in vitro evaluation of berberine hydrochloride nanoemulsion oral drug delivery systems / 药学实践杂志

Objective To prepare berberine hydrochloride nanoemulsion, optimize its formulation composition and preparation process, and investigate its in vitro characteristics. Methods BBR-NE was prepared by water drop addition and pseudo-ternary phase diagram was drawn. The formulation of NE was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology to choose the optimal formulation composition. The particle size, potential and appearance of the prepared BBR-NE were characterized. Results The optimal prescription of BBR-NE was determined as the oil phase Capryol 90 accounted for 32.84% of the system, the surfactant Tween-80 accounted for 33.90%, the co-surfactant 1,2-propylene glycol accounted for 16.95%, and water relative system accounted for 15.25%. The prepared NE was clear and transparent in appearance, regular in shape and uniform in size, with an average particle diameter of (68.85±8) nm, polydiseperse index of (0.245±0.03) and drug loading of 0.83 mg/g. The in vitro drug release results of NE showed that the in vitro drug release behavior was passive diffusion, which had a certain slow releasing effect and met the first-order release equation. Conclusion The BBR-NE can provide a new dosage form for the clinical use of berberine.

Clinical characteristics of subjective cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson′s disease and its relationship with affective symptoms: a preliminary study / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and clinical related factors of Parkinson′s disease (PD) patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD).Methods:Ninety-nine PD patients with normal cognitive function enrolled in Beijing Hospital from January to December 2018 were collected for the study. Patients with PD were divided into groups with ( n=57) and without ( n=42) SCD using the first question in Part 1 of the Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). All patients were assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), modified Hoehn-Yahr grading, UPDRS, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), Parkinson′s Disease Sleep Scale, Ability of Daily Living Scale and 39-item Parkinson′s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Levodopa equivalent dose conversion was performed for patients taking anti-PD drugs. Patients′ self-reported years of formal education were collected. Results:The proportion of PD with SCD in this group was 57.58% (57/99). There were statistically significant differences in MoCA [28.00 (27.00, 29.00) vs 28.00 (27.00, 29.00) ,Z=-2.28, P=0.023], HAMD [6.00 (5.00, 8.50) vs 5.00 (2.00, 8.00), Z=-2.23, P=0.026], HAMA [7.00 (6.00, 11.00) vs 6.00 (3.00, 8.25) , Z=-2.70, P=0.007], PDQ-39-emotional health [2.00 (0, 5.00) vs 1.00 (0, 3.00), Z=-2.03, P=0.042] and PDQ-39-cognitive scores [4.00 (2.00, 5.00) vs 2.00 (0, 4.00), Z=-3.42, P=0.001] between PD with and without SCD groups. SCD was correlated with MoCA ( r=-0.23, P=0.022), HAMD ( r=0.23, P=0.025) and HAMA ( r=0.27, P=0.006) scores to varying degrees. When controlling for HAMD and HAMA scores, the correlation between SCD and MoCA scores ( r′=-0.18, P=0.084) was no longer existed. Conclusions:SCD is common in PD patients with normal cognitive function and is associated with poorer cognitive performance and more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety. In this group of patients, the relationship between SCD and affective symptoms may be greater than that of objective overall cognitive function, which is worthy of further studies.

Acupuncture combined with western medication for ocular myasthenia gravis: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between acupuncture combined with western medication and simple western medication for ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG), and to explore its possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients of ocular myasthenia gravis were randomized into an acupuncture combined with western medication group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a western medication group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off). Oral pyridostigmine bromide tablet and prednisone acetate tablet were given in the western medication group. On the basis of the treatment in the western medication group, Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture (acupuncture for unblocking the governor vessel and regulating qi ) was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), etc. in the acupuncture combined with western medication group, once a day, 6 days a week. The treatment was given 8 weeks in both groups. Before and after treatment, the OMG clinical absolute score was observed, electrophysiological indexes of orbicularis oculi (value of mean jitter, percentage of jitter >55 μs and percentage of blocks) were measured by single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG), serum levels of acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were detected by ELISA method.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the OMG clinical absolute scores, values of mean jitter, percentages of jitter >55 μs, percentages of blocks and serum levels of AChR-Ab, IFN-γ and IL-4 were decreased compared before treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and those in the acupuncture combined with western medication group were lower than the western medication group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture combined with western medication can effectively improve ptosis, palpebra superior fatigability, eye movement disorder and neuromuscular junction dysfunction in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis, the therapeutic effect is superior to simple western medication. Its mechanism may be related to down-regulating serum levels of AChR-Ab, IFN-γ and IL-4 and promoting the recovery of orbicularis oculi function.

Electronic cigarette use among junior high school students of health promotion schools in Xihu District / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and its influencing factors among junior high school students of health promotion schools in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into school-based tobacco control.@*Methods@#Grade 1 to 3 junior high school students of health promotion schools in Xihu District were recruited using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from September to December, 2021. The participants' demographic features, e-cigarette use and exposure to tobacco advertising were collected using the Chinese version of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, and the factors affecting the intention to use e-cigarettes were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#The 1 677 respondents included 875 boys (52.18%) and 802 girls (47.82%), and grade 1 to 3 junior high school students consisted of 33.93%, 35.00% and 31.07% of all respondents, respectively. There were 1 461 students that had heard of e-cigarettes (87.12%), 101 students with intention to use e-cigarettes (6.02%), and 24 current users (1.43%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified living in rural areas (OR=2.364, 95%CI: 1.442-3.875), having close friends that were smokers (OR=5.614, 95%CI: 3.404-9.258), having seen smoking via TV, video or movie in the past 30 days (OR=2.106, 95%CI: 1.259-3.523), having received free tobacco products (OR=3.887, 95%CI: 1.172-12.894), considering e-cigarettes as nicotine-free (OR=208.442, 95%CI: 55.713-779.856), and considering smoking making comfortable at party (OR=4.534, 95%CI: 1.853-11.090) as factors affecting intention to use e-cigarettes. There were 38.04% (638/1 677) of junior high school students with exposure to advertisements for e-cigarettes and related products, and stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, grocery, e-cigarette experience stores or offline retail stores were the primary places to contact e-cigarettes and related products.@*Conclusions@#The percentage of intention to use e-cigarettes was low among junior high school students of health promotion schools in Xihu District in 2021, and their intention to use e-cigarettes was mainly affected by close friends' smoking status and personal recognition.

Effects of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis on olfaction dysfunction in allergic rhinitis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and olfactory dysfunction (OD) in allergic rhinitis (AR), and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of CY-09, a selective NLRP3 inhibitor for OD. Methods: An AR mouse model was established with ovalbumin, and the olfactory function of AR mice was detected by the buried food pellet test. Mice with OD were intraperitoneally injected with CY-09 or saline. The activation of microglia and astrocytes in olfactory bulb was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression level of pyroptosis associated protein was detected by Western blot. The level of pyroptosis associated proinflammatory factor mRNA was determined by real-time PCR. SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: After the test, ovalbumin successfully established AR mice model, in which 52.5% (21/40) of them showed OD. The number of activated microglia and astroglia in olfactory bulb tissue in OD group were more than those in non-OD group (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) was significantly increased in the olfactory bulb of the OD group (all P<0.05). CY-09 could significantly reduce the level of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18 expression, and inhibite the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the olfactory bulb tissues (all P<0.05). Conclusion: NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis is closely related to the OD associated with AR. CY-09 could improve the olfactory function in AR mice, which may be related to blocking the NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

Clinical outcomes following microsurgery and endovascular embolization in the management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: A meta-analysis study / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of microsurgery and endovascular embolization in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) by meta-analysis.@*METHODS@#A systematic review was performed to retrieve all relevant literature about surgical treatment or endovascular embolization of SDAVF up to December 2019 through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Results, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed. The Chinese and English key words included: "SDAVF", "spinal dural arteriovenous fistula", "spinal AVM", "spinal vascular malformation and treatment". The included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The early failure rate, long-term recurrence, neurological recovery, and complications were evaluated and the clinical effects of the two methods in the treatment of SDAVF were compared by using RevMan 5.3 software. And a further subgroup analysis of the therapeutic effect of endovascular embolization with different embolic agents was conducted.@*RESULTS@#A total of 46 studies involving 1 958 cases of SDAVF were included, in which 935 cases were treated by microsurgery and 1 023 cases were treated by endovascular embolization. The funnel plot demonstrated that there was no publication bias. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of early surgical failure was lower than that of endovascular embolization (OR=0.20, 95%CI: 0.13-0.30, P < 0.05), and the long-term recurrence was also lower than that of endovascular embolization (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.22-0.58, P < 0.05). The improvement of neurological function in the surgical patients is significantly higher than that in the patients treated with endovascular embolization (OR=2.86, 95%CI: 1.36-5.99, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of complications in these two groups (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 0.88-2.64, P=0.14). In the cases of endovascular embolization, the risk of treatment failure or recurrence was higher with Onyx glue than with n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA), and the difference was statistically significant (OR=4.70, 95%CI: 1.55-14.28, P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Although the treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas by intravascular embolization has been widely used, the clinical effect of microsurgery is still better than that of endovascular embolization. Large scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in SDAVF patients.

Research progress on the role of lncRNA in the occurrence and development of malignant mesothelioma / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a long latency, poor prognosis and asbestos exposure related malignant disease. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that does not encode protein. It plays an important role in epigenetic regulation, cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation regulation. Recent studies have shown that the abnormal expression or function of lncRNA is closely related to the diagnosis and prognosis of MM. In this paper, the lncRNA research on MM is reviewed to better understand the role of lncRNA in MM.

Emergency psychological intervention of acute ammonia leakage event / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the situation of emergency psychological intervention in an acute ammonia leakage event, and to provide reference for emergency response. Methods: In August 2020, the emergency treatment of 65 patients admitted by Zhangqiu District People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical College of Shandong Province in June 2019 in the ammonia tank car leakage incident was analyzed, the psychological intervention in emergency after the incident was collected, the anxiety and depression were evaluated by symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) , and targeted psychological intervention was implemented according to the psychological evaluation results, And analyze the intervention efficiency. Results: Among the 65 patients, there were 52 cases of ammonia stimulation reaction, 11 cases of mild poisoning and 2 cases of moderate poisoning. There were 60 cases of chest tightness and dyspnea, 11 cases of bloody sputum, 58 cases of sore throat, 43 cases of hoarseness, 28 cases of photophobia and tears, 13 cases of blurred vision, 18 cases of nausea and vomiting, and 2 cases of dry and wet rales in the lungs. The scores of somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia and negative coping in patients with mild and moderate poisoning were higher than those in patients with stimulus response (P<0.05) . The effective rate of intervention was 98.7%. Conclusion: Emergency psychological evaluation and intervention in mass public health events are helpful to the treatment of patients.

Survey on health self-focused attention and disease awareness among patients with essential hypertension in the community / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To survey the health self-focused attention and disease awareness among patients with primary hypertension in the community.Methods:Twenty patients with essential hypertension in the community participated in one-on-one in-depth interviews from May to June 2021. The contents of the interview include basic personal information, opinions and concerns about their own health status, knowledge and attitude towards essential hypertension (including disease experience, illness feedback, active disease control and management, communication with doctors and peer patients). Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was used to analyze the interview results and summarize the topics, and the obtained topic information was transformed into semi-quantitative items for cluster analysis.Results:Seven topics were sorted out from the interview information, and 17 items were formed after semi-quantitative processing. After cluster analysis, the interviewees can be divided into two categories. There were significant differences between the two categories in the performance of 9 items, specifically: self-evaluation of blood pressure control, perceived overall health status, attention to their own health, opinions on the relationship between hypertension and family history, frequency of blood pressure monitoring, knowledge of hypertension prevention and treatment, difficulty in the treatment process, drug treatment effect, and patient support. When the number of clusters was 2, the contour coefficient was 0.21.Conclusion:The psychological concept of "health self-focused attention" exists objectively in essential hypertension patients, and patients with higher "health self-focused attention" can actively perceive their own health status and have better self-health management behaviors.

Reference value of lumbar spine bone mineral density and regional differences based on quantitative CT examination in healthy adult female in China / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.

Effects of simethicone combined with compound polyethylene glycol for bowel cleaning on the detection rate of colon polyps / 中华消化内镜杂志

To explore the effects of simethicone combined with compound polyethylene glycol for bowel cleaning on the detection rate of intestinal polyps. A total of 300 patients undergoing colonoscopy from May to July 2020 were randomly divided into group A and B. Patients in group A only used 2 packets of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder for bowel cleaning. Patients in group B took simethicone combined with compound polyethylene glycol for intestinal cleaning. The time, method and dosage of compound polyethylene glycol were the same as those of group A. Intestinal cleanliness, intestinal defoaming degree, intestinal polyp detection rate and incidence of adverse reactions in group A and B were compared respectively. The scores of intestinal cleaning, the rate of intestinal foam removal and the detection rate of large and small polyps in group B were higher than those in group A. There was no significant difference in the incidence of short-term adverse reactions between the two groups. However, the incidence of postoperative abdominal distension in group B was significantly reduced. Simethicone combined with compound polyethylene glycol for bowel cleaning can significantly improve the degree of intestinal cleaning and improve postoperative abdominal distension. It has obvious effects on improving the detection date of intestinal polyps and preventing the occurrence of certain intestinal tumors. The method is simple, feasible and economical, which is worth promoting.

Implementation of the pre-operative rehabilitation recovery protocol and its effect on the quality of recovery after colorectal surgeries / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Patients' recovery after surgery is the major concern for all perioperative clinicians. This study aims to minimize the side effects of peri-operative surgical stress and accelerate patients' recovery of gastrointestinal (GI) function and quality of life after colorectal surgeries, an enhanced recovery protocol based on pre-operative rehabilitation was implemented and its effect was explored.@*METHODS@#A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted, patients were recruited from January 2018 to September 2019 in this study. Patients scheduled for elective colorectal surgeries were randomly allocated to receive either standardized enhanced recovery after surgery (S-ERAS) group or enhanced recovery after surgery based on pre-operative rehabilitation (group PR-ERAS). In the group PR-ERAS, on top of recommended peri-operative strategies for enhanced recovery, formatted rehabilitation exercises pre-operatively were carried out. The primary outcome was the quality of GI recovery measured with I-FEED scoring. Secondary outcomes were quality of life scores and strength of handgrip; the incidence of adverse events till 30 days post-operatively was also analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 240 patients were scrutinized and 213 eligible patients were enrolled, who were randomly allocated to the group S-ERAS (n = 104) and group PR-ERAS (n = 109). The percentage of normal recovery graded by I-FEED scoring was higher in group PR-ERAS (79.0% vs. 64.3%, P  0.050).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Peri-operative rehabilitation exercise might be another benevolent factor for early recovery of GI function and life of quality after colorectal surgery. Newer, more surgery-specific rehabilitation recovery protocol merits further exploration for these patients.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR-ONRC-14005096.

Correlation of metabolic syndrome with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 245 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed by pathology in Xinzhou People's Hospital of Shanxi Province from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and 462 non-tumor patients who underwent routine physical examination at Xinzhou People's Hospital of Shanxi Province during the same period were selected as control group. The occurrence of MetS and the correlation of MetS with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of patients with gastric cancer were analyzed.Results:The incidence rate of MetS in 245 patients with gastric cancer was 21.6% (53/245) and 13.6% (63/462) in the control group, and the difference between the two was statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.464, P = 0.008). Among patients with gastric cancer, the incidence of postoperative lung infection in the MetS group and non-MetS group was 17.0% (9/245) and 3.1% (6/462), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 13.874, P = 0.001); there was no significant difference in the tumor site and the incidence of incision infection, abdominal cavity infection, anastomotic leakage, gastric emptying disorder, and overall survival between the two groups (all P > 0.05). In patients with gastric cancer, MetS was associated with poor histological differentiation and late TNM stage ( χ2 = 4.242, P = 0.040; χ2 = 5.547, P = 0.027). Conclusions:The incidence of MetS in patients with gastric cancer is higher than that in the general population, and MetS-related abnormalities are more common in patients with low differentiated, undifferentiated and advanced gastric cancer. MetS may play a role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.

Depressive status in patients with Parkinson′s disease and its related factors / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the accurrence and related factors of depression in patients with parkinson's disease (PD).Methods:One hundred PD patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD) were enrolled in Department of Neurology in Beijing Hospital from March to June 2019. The depressive mood, sleep status and health-related quality of life of PD patients were evaluated by Beck Depression Scale (BDI), Parkinson′s Disease Sleep Scale 2 (PDSS-2), and 8 items of Parkinson′s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-8). Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of PD depression. Nonparametric test was used to analyze the differences between different sleep disorder domains in PD patients with depression.Results:The total score of BDI in 100 PD patients ranged from 0 to 44, with an average of 9.9±8.6 points; the total score of PDSS-2 ranged from 0 to 43, with an average of 12.0±9.2; the total scores of PDQ-8 ranged from 0 to 24, with an average of 6.4±6.0 points. The detection rate of depression in 100 PD patients was 42.0% (42/100), and the total BDI score of 22 patients with mild depression ranged from 10 to 15 with an average of 13.0±1.9; the total BDI score of 14 patients with moderate depression ranged from 16 to 25, with an average of 19.1±3.0; the total BDI score of 6 patients with major depression ranged from 28 to 44 points, with an average of 33.3±6.4. The depression in PD patients was positively correlated with PDQ-8 score ( t=8.908, P<0.01) and PDSS-2 score ( t=2.286, P=0.02); and 85.7% (36/42) of PD patients with depression had sleep disturbance. The score of sleep disturbance domain of PD patients with depression (9.8±3.9) was higher than that of nocturnal motor symptom domain (4.8±4.5) and nocturnal PD non-motor symptom domain (4.1±3.3) ( P<0.01). The scores of emotional health, relationship with loved ones, attention, communication ability dimensions of PDQ-8 were positively correlated with PD depression ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Depression is a common non-motor symptom of PD patients; and PD patients with depression suffer from reduced quality of life and are more prone to sleep disorders.

Clinical features of corticobasal syndrome and associated chronic pain:analysis of 8 cases / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and associated chronic pain in corticobasal syndrome (CBS).Methods:Clinical data of 8 patients diagnosed as probable CBS or possible CBS admitted to Beijing Hospital during January 2010 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical information included sex, age, course of disease, chief complaint, neurological examination, blood biochemistry, tumor marker, infection and other laboratory tests; the neuropsychological evaluation included Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD); the imaging studies included cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ( 18F-FDG PET). Results:The main clinical manifestations were asymmetrical movement disorders, including rigidity, tremor, myoclonus and abnormalities in posture and gait. Patients showed poor response to levodopa treatment. Among 8 patients, 7 had apraxia, 5 patients had alien hand, and 5 patients had various degrees of cognitive dysfunction. The cranial MRI demonstrated mild cerebral atrophy which was slightly more severe in the contralateral side of the initially affected limb in 7 of the 8 patients. The 18F-FDG PET scan revealed asymmetric decreased metabolism in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobe, as well as in basal ganglia, which was more severe in the contralateral side of the initially affected limb in 5 of the 8 patients. Six of the 8 patients were associated with pain, including dystonic pain in 3 patients, neuropathic pain in 1 patient, musculoskeletal pain in 1 patient, and unexplained pain in 1 patient. Pain was the onset symptom in 1 patient and pain was relieved by taking levodopa in another patient. Conclusions:CBS is characterized by asymmetric dyskinesia and cognitive impairment, and often associated with apraxia, cortical sensory deficits, and alien limb. The MRI and PET are helpful for CBS diagnosis. Pain may be one of the common non-motor symptoms in CBS.

Study on renal artery blood flow parameters of fetuses with isolated borderline oligohydramnios and maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the changes of fetal renal artery blood flow parameters in fetuses with isolated borderline oligohydramnios (IBO) in the middle and third trimesters by Doppler ultrasound, and to assess its correlations with maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes.Methods:Twenty-seven IBO fetuses (IBO group) and 27 gestational age-matched normal fetuses (control group) from April to October 2019 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University underwent prenatal ultrasound examination during the middle and third trimesters. Renal artery blood flow parameters, including renal artery pulsatility index (RAPI), volume corrected renal artery pulsatility index (vcRAPI) and pregnancy outcomes were measured and compared between the two groups. Once diagnosed IBO, patients were recommended to the obstetric clinic for consultation and intervention. The correlation between RAPI, vcRAPI measured before intervention and prepartum amniotic fluid volume and pregnancy outcomes was analyzed, the ROC curve was plotted to find the better predictor.Results:The vcRAPI of the IBO group was higher than that of the control group ( P=0.015). In the IBO group, the vcRAPI measured before intervention was higer in those fetuses who were still IBO before delivery( P=0.048). In the IBO group, the correlation of the vcRAPI measured before intervention and IBO before delivery was statistically significant ( OR=2.41, 95% CI=1.06-5.43, P=0.035). The ROC curve showed that the sensitivity of vcRAPI to IBO was 0.67, the specificity was 0.75( P=0.002). Conclusions:Compared with RAPI, The vcRAPI may reflect the increase in fetal renal artery perfusion resistance of IBO group more timely. The higher vcRAPI before intervention in the IBO group have difficulty in recovering amniotic fluid volume before delivery.Increased vcRAPI is a better predictor of IBO before delivery.

Predictive diagnostic value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To compare the value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH)D3) with other clinical parameters in the prediction and diagnosis of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP). Methods: Eligible chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients and healthy subjects in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January to April of 2021 were included for this study. The age, gender, past history and other basic characteristics of all subjects were recorded. The CRSwNP patients were classified into ECRSwNP and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (nECRSwNP) endotypes by the percentage of tissue eosinophils. Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels measurements were performed in all subjects. Paranasal sinus CT scans, blood eosinophil counts, and determination of total immunoglobulin E (total IgE), Th1/Th2 plasma cytokines and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) levels were performed before surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the related factors of ECRSwNP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the predictive potential of the clinical parameters. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven CRSwNP patients and 40 healthy subjects were recruited, including 74 males and 93 females of the patients, with the age of (38.73±13.05) years. In patients with ECRSwNP, serum 25-(OH)D3 levels were significantly lower than those in nECRSwNP patients ((26.14±4.58) ng/ml vs (35.71±7.86) ng/ml, t=-8.564, P<0.01). The prevalence of asthma, prevalence of allergic rhinitis, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, total IgE levels, nNO levels and CT scores ratio for ethmoid sinus and maxillary sinus (E/M ratio) of ECRSwNP patients were significantly higher than those in nECRSwNP patients (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in Th1/Th2 cytokines levels between the histological types of CRSwNP (all P>0.05). Among the predictive indicators, 25-(OH)D3 had the highest predictive value, with ROC area under curve (AUC) value of 0.882. The best cut-off point of 28.5 ng/ml for 25-(OH)D3 demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.871 and a specificity of 0.762 for ECRSwNP. Conclusion: Measurement of serum 25-(OH)D3 level may be used as an effective method to distinguish between ECRSwNP and nECRSwNP.

Factors associated with the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a common complication in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment, but the underlying causes for this remain unclear. This study aimed to explore factors affecting the incidence of EP in in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).@*METHODS@#This was a retrospective study on the incidence of EP in IVF/ICSI cycles between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2017. Patient age, infertility diagnosis (tubal factor or not), primary or secondary infertility, type of cycle (frozen-thawed or fresh), type of embryo(s) transferred (cleavage embryo or blastocyst), number of embryos transferred (one, two, or three), previous history of EP, and endometrial combined thickness were analyzed to explore their relationships with the incidence of EP. Based on clinical typing results, the patients were divided into an EP group or a non-EP group. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore their associations with the incidence of EP.@*RESULTS@#The percentage of patients with primary infertility in EP group was significantly lower than that in non-EP group (31.3% vs. 46.7%, χ = 26.032, P < 0.001). The percentage of patients with tubal infertility in EP group was also significantly higher than that in non-EP group (89.2% vs. 63.6%, χ = 77.410, P < 0.001). The percentages of patients with transfer of cleavage-stage embryo or blastocyst (91.4% vs. 84.4%, χ = 10.132, P = 0.001) and different endometrial combined thickness (ECT) (χ = 18.373, P < 0.001) differed significantly between EP and non-EP groups. For patients who had a previous history of one to four EPs, the percentage of patients undergoing transfer of a cleavage-stage embryo was significantly higher in EP group than that in non-EP group (92.2% vs. 77.6%, χ = 13.737, P < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, tubal infertility was strongly associated with EP (adjusted odds ratio: 3.995, 95% confidence interval: 2.706-5.897, P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In IVF/ICSI cycles, transfer of a blastocyst-stage embryo, especially for patients with a previous history of EP, reduced the rate of EP. Tubal infertility was strongly associated with EP.

Maternal oxygen therapy for fetus with congenital heart disease / 中华围产医学杂志

Intrauterine hypoxia occurs in the fetus with congenital heart disease (CHD) due to abnormal cardiovascular anatomy and hemodynamic changes, which could affect fetal growth and development. Maternal oxygen therapy has been used in various perinatal cardiovascular diseases, including hypoplastic left heart syndrome, atrial septum aneurysm, coarctation of the aorta, and others. Maternal oxygen therapy may improve the prognosis of the fetus with CHD and predict the neonatal outcomes by dilating the fetal pulmonary vessels, increasing pulmonary blood flow to affect abnormal cardiovascular anatomy and hemodynamic changes.