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1.
Neuroscience Bulletin ; (6): 519-529, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-826804

ABSTRACT

In the current study, we sought to investigate whether T-type Ca channels (TCCs) in the brain are involved in generating post-anesthetic hyperexcitatory behaviors (PAHBs). We found that younger rat pups (postnatal days 9-11) had a higher incidence of PAHBs and higher PAHB scores than older pups (postnatal days 16-18) during emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia. The power spectrum of the theta oscillations (4 Hz-8 Hz) in the prefrontal cortex was significantly enhanced in younger pups when PAHBs occurred, while there were no significant changes in older pups. Both the power of theta oscillations and the level of PAHBs were significantly reduced by the administration of TCC inhibitors. Moreover, the sensitivity of TCCs in the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus to sevoflurane was found to increase with age by investigating the kinetic properties of TCCs in vitro. TCCs were activated by potentiated GABAergic depolarization with a sub-anesthetic dose of sevoflurane (1%). These data suggest that (1) TCCs in the brain contribute to the generation of PAHBs and the concomitant electroencephalographic changes; (2) the stronger inhibitory effect of sevoflurane contributes to the lack of PAHBs in older rats; and (3) the contribution of TCCs to PAHBs is not mediated by a direct effect of sevoflurane on TCCs.

2.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-772814

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the value of texture features derived from intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters for differentiating pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC).Methods Eighteen patients with pNET and 32 patients with PAC were retrospectively enrolled in this study. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted imaging with 10 b values used (from 0 to 800 s/mm ). Based on IVIM model, perfusion-related parameters including perfusion fraction (f), fast component of diffusion (D) and true diffusion parameter slow component of diffusion (D) were calculated on a voxel-by-voxel basis and reorganized into gray-encoded parametric maps. The mean value of each IVIM parameter and texture features [Angular Second Moment (ASM), Inverse Difference Moment (IDM), Correlation, Contrast and Entropy] values of IVIM parameters were measured. Independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were performed for the between-group comparison of quantitative data. Regression model was established by using binary logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency.Results The mean f value of the pNET group were significantly higher than that of the PAC group (27.0% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.001), while the mean values of D and D showed no significant differences between the two groups. All texture features (ASM, IDM, Correlation, Contrast and Entropy) of each IVIM parameter showed significant differences between the pNET and PAC groups (P=0.000-0.043). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that texture ASM of D and texture Correlation of D were considered as the specific imaging variables for the differential diagnosis of pNET and PAC. ROC analysis revealed that multiple texture features presented better diagnostic performance than IVIM parameters (AUC 0.849-0.899 vs. 0.526-0.776), and texture ASM of D combined with Correlation of D in the model of logistic regression had largest area under ROC curve for distinguishing pNET from PAC (AUC 0.934, cutoff 0.378, sensitivity 0.889, specificity 0.854).Conclusions Texture analysis of IVIM parameters could be an effective and noninvasive tool to differentiate pNET from PAC.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma , Diagnostic Imaging , Algorithms , Diagnosis, Differential , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Motion , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Retrospective Studies
3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-703548

ABSTRACT

Based on the advocacy coalition framework,the game between policy alliances with different beliefs is regarded as a key factor contributing to the long-term policy changes. At the same time, the policy changes are seen as the product of the antagonism of the core faith of the alliance, the policy-oriented learning and the internal and external shocks of the coalitions. The change of China's health care policy has always been accompanied by the debate on whether fairness or efficiency should be given priority between"government-led"and"market-oriented"coalitions. Its evolving characteristics are consistent with the explanatory logic of the advocacy coalition framework. Based on the advocacy coalition framework this paper makes a comprehensive of review of the historical literature on Chinese medical and health policy,it founds out that advocacy coalitions with different beliefs are critical to the re-form and return of the health care policy, policy-oriented learning promotes the gradual change of the policy, while internal and external shocks provide opportunities for policy paradigm change. Besides,the more passive and lack of active initiatives of policy change,the government's bias of the public welfare feature of the medical business coupled with the underdevelopment of market economy are the main causes for lagging medical policy and frequent industry chaos. To this end,it is recommended to highlight the forward-looking policy,strengthen the internal drive,create a more liberal debate environment for the coalitions,promote the learning of policy orientation among coalitions to en-hance the scientific and effective medical and health policy change.

4.
International Eye Science ; (12): 178-181, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-695154

ABSTRACT

AIM:To investigate the amniotic membrane transplantation for all the cornea or bandage contact lens after pterygium excision combine with limbal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of large pterygium.METHODS:The 40 eyes of larger pterygium was randomly divided into 2 groups,one group,20 eyes,with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation combine with amniotic membrane transplantation for all the cornea (amniotic membrane group);another group,20 eyes,with bandage contact lens after limbal stem cell transplantation (bandage contact lens group).The surgery time,eye comfort postoperation,progress in corneal healing were observed at 1,3d,1 and 3wk.RESULTS:The average surgery time of amniotic membrane transplantation group was 61.4±5.2min,and the bandage contact lens group was 34.5±2.7min,which was significantly shorter (Student's t-test,P< 0.05).There was no difference of the degree of eye comfort between the two groups at first day after surgery.But 3d and 1wk postoperation,the degree of ocular comfort of bandage contact lens group was much better than amniotic membrane transplantation group (P< 0.01),while there was no difference between the two groups 3wk after surgery (P>0.05).The corneal healing score of the two groups was 0.85±0.18 and 1.15±0.18 in the 3wk after operation respectively,and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (Student's t-test,P=0.25).There was only one case of recurrence in amniotic membrane group.CONCLUSION:Treatment of larger pterygium with amniotic membrane transplantation for all the cornea or wearing bandage contact lenses after autologous limbal stem cell transplantation,can both ease eye symptoms and promote corneal wound healing.Those patients with bandage contact lens feel more comfortable and convenient than with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation.Also the bandage contact lens surgery is more economical than the other one.

5.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1010437

ABSTRACT

In recent years, group B streptococcus (GBS) has become an important pathogen that causes infections in many neonatal organs, including the brain, lung, and eye (Ballard et al., 2016). A series of studies performed on GBS infections in western countries have revealed that GBS is one of the primary pathogens implicated in perinatal infection, and GBS infections are a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the United States (Decheva et al., 2013). In China, GBS is mainly found by screens for adult urogenital tract and perinatal infections, and neonatal GBS infections have been rarely reported. The incidence rate of early-onset neonatal GBS disease is thought to be lower in China than in western countries; however, this data is controversial since it also reflects the clinical interest in GBS (Dabrowska-Szponar and Galinski, 2001).


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , China/epidemiology , Drug Resistance , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Incidence , Mothers , Parity , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy , Streptococcus agalactiae
6.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-270538

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Poisonous plants are a deadly threat to public health in China. The traditional clinical diagnosis of the toxic plants is inefficient, fallible, and dependent upon experts. In this study, we tested the performance of DNA barcodes for identification of the most threatening poisonous plants in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-four accessions of 27 toxic plant species in 22 genera and 17 families were sampled and three DNA barcodes (matK, rbcL, and ITS) were amplified, sequenced and tested. Three methods, Blast, pairwise global alignment (PWG) distance, and Tree-Building were tested for discrimination power.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The primer universality of all the three markers was high. Except in the case of ITS for Hemerocallis minor, the three barcodes were successfully generated from all the selected species. Among the three methods applied, Blast showed the lowest discrimination rate, whereas PWG Distance and Tree-Building methods were equally effective. The ITS barcode showed highest discrimination rates using the PWG Distance and Tree-Building methods. When the barcodes were combined, discrimination rates were increased for the Blast method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNA barcoding technique provides us a fast tool for clinical identification of poisonous plants in China. We suggest matK, rbcL, ITS used in combination as DNA barcodes for authentication of poisonous plants.</p>


Subject(s)
China , DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic , Reference Standards , DNA Primers , Genetics , DNA, Intergenic , Genetics , Plant Proteins , Genetics , Plants, Toxic , Classification , Genetics , Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase , Genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species Specificity
7.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 2832-2835, 2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-237406

ABSTRACT

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a rare thyroid neoplasm, which shares some histologic features with thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC). Clinically, it is frequently misdiagnosed as papillary carcinoma, even for some experienced pathologists. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HTT is variant of TPC or HTT is an independent entity of thyroid neoplasm.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of CK19, galectin-3, HBME-1 and MIB-1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 12 cases of hyalinizing trabecular tumor and 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two of the 12 HTT samples were positive or focally positive for CK19. Four of the 12 samples of HTT presented positive to galectin-3; 3 were stained strongly and the other one was focally positive. None of the 12 samples of HTT was positive for HBME-1. Five in 12 HTT samples were stained in nucleus for MIB-1. Almost all the 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma were intensely stained for CK19, galectin-3 and HBME-1. Fifteen in 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma showed nuclear staining for MIB-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HTT is an independent thyroid neoplasm, not a variant of TPC. This study could help in the differential diagnosis of HTT from TPC. CK19, galectin-3 and HBME-1 are adequate to identify HTT and TPC, but MIB-1 does not play an important role in discrimination between HTT and TPC.</p>


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor , Carcinoma, Papillary , Chemistry , Diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Galectin 3 , Immunohistochemistry , Keratin-19 , Thyroid Neoplasms , Chemistry , Diagnosis , Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
8.
Chinese Medical Journal ; (24): 455-459, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-311843

ABSTRACT

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is a common phenomenon that children experience multiple general anesthesias in clinical practice, which raises the question whether repeated exposure to general anesthetics would interfere with the development of the central nervous system of children. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of repeated treatment with ketamine or midazolam on postnatal dendrite development by examining the morphology of the dendritic spines of the pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The transgenic green fluorescent protein-M line (GFP-M) mice were used in this study. Ketamine (100 mg/kg), midazolam (50 mg/kg) or saline (10 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once a day on consecutive days from postnatal day 8 (P8) to postnatal day 12 (P12). At postnatal day 13 (P13) and postnatal day 30 (P30), the density and length of the apical dendritic spines of the pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region were examined under a confocal microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At P13, for both the ketamine group and the midazolam group, the dendritic spines were found with a comparatively lower density and longer average length than in the control group. At P30, no significant difference in the density or average length of dendritic spines was found between the anesthetic group and control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This study indicated that repeated exposure to ketamine or midazolam in neonatal mice impaired dendritic spine maturation immediately afterwards, but this influence seemed to disappear during further postnatal development.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Animals, Newborn , Dendritic Spines , Hippocampus , Ketamine , Pharmacology , Microscopy, Confocal , Midazolam , Pharmacology
9.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-640840

ABSTRACT

0.05). Conclusion When TOFR recovers to 0.55,antagonism of residual neuromuscular blockade is still necessary.Different doses of neostigmine may antagonize vecuronium-induced residual neuromuscular blockade,and lower dose of neostigmine(10-20 ?g/kg) is recommended.

10.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-230232

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Yiqi Jiangzhuo Decoction (YJD) on transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-beta1) mRNA expression in treating ventricular remodeling in viral myocarditis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After being established into chronic viral myocarditis model by 4 times repetitively infecting with gradient multiplicative CVB3m, 160 male mice were divided into the blank group, the model group, the TCM treated group and the Western medicine treated group. On the 10th, 30th and 60th day after the last time of infection, mice were killed to observe their pathological changes of myocardium with HE staining and to detect TGF-beta1 mRNA expression in myocardial tissue with semi-quantitative RT-PCR method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pathological changes of myocardium alleviated, and TGF-beta1 mRNA expression distribution area reduced significantly in the two treated groups, as compared with those in the model group (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YJD could inhibit the hyperplasia and reconstruction of ECM by down-regulating TGF-beta1 mRNA expression to improve cardiac pathological changes in myocarditis, so as to prevent the occurrence of ventricular remodeling and the conversion of disease to dilative cardiomyopathy.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Coxsackievirus Infections , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Enterovirus B, Human , Gene Expression , Myocarditis , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Virology , Phytotherapy , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Recurrence , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Genetics , Ventricular Remodeling , Genetics , Physiology
11.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-674200

ABSTRACT

Objective To examine the changes in the expression of voltage-gated sodium channel?subunit mRNA in the dorsal root ganglion(DRG)and the role it plays in the neuropathie pain.Methods Thirty- two male SD rats weighing 250-400g were randomly divided into 2 groups:groupⅠneuropathic pain(SNL,n= 20)and groupⅡsham operation(n=12).Neuropathic pain was produced by ligation of right sciatic nerve according to Seltzer.Paw withdrawal latency to noxious thermal(PWHL)and mechanical(PWML)stimulation were measured before(baseline)and 1,2,3,5,8,11,14,28 day after sciatic nerve ligation(SNL).DRG at L_(4,5) was isolated on the 14th day after SNL in 8 SNL and 4 sham-operated animals for determination of sodium channel?subunit mRNA expression(by in-situ hybridization).Results PWHL and PWML were significantly decreased on the 2nd-28th day after SNL as compared to the baseline in SNL group.There was no significant difference in?_1 subunit mRNA expression between the 2 groups.The?_2 subunit mRNA expression in DRG was hardly detectable.The?_3 subunit mRNA expression in DRG on the operated side was significantly higher in SNL group than in sham-operation group.Conclusion The up-regulation of sodium channel?_3 subunit mRNA expression in DRG may play an important role in neuropathic pain.

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