Effects of gene silencing Cyclooxygenase-2 cooperated with hyperbaric oxygen on neurological repair and apoptosis, autophagy in cerebral hemorrhage rats / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of gene silencing inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on neuronal cell edema, apoptosis, autophagy and neural functional recovery in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:SPF-grade adult male SD rats ( n=96) were used to establish a cerebral hemorrhage model through stereotactic injection of thrombin VII into the caudate nucleus. They were randomized (random number) into 4 groups ( n=24/group): control group, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) group, COX-2 RNAi group and combined group (COX-2 RNAi+HBO). The siRNA plasmid targeting silencing COX-2 gene expression was constructed. After group treatment, the four rats were randomly selected from each group for testing in each category. Postoperative day 1, 7, and 14 were assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) for evaluating neurofunctional deficits. On the 7th day, the water content of the brain tissue was measured using the dry/wet weight method. The blood-brain barrier permeability was assessed using the Evans method. Annexin V and TUNEL assays were employed to assess the apoptotic rate of neural cells. The mRNA expression level of COX-2 in brain tissue was determined using the RT-PCR method. The protein expression levels of Beclin-1, COX-2, aquaporin 4 (AQP-4), B cell lymphoma/lewkmia-2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and matrix metalloprotein-2/9 (MMP-2/9) were detected by Western blot (WB). SPSS software was used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA was used for inter group comparisons and LSD- t test was used for further pairwise comparison. Results:The SD rat intracerebral hemorrhage model and plasmid construction were successfully achieved. The mNSS scores were significantly decreased in COX-2 RNAi, HBO and combined groups compared with control group on the 7th day and 14th day (all P<0.01), especially in combined group ( P<0.01). The contents of Evans blue and the water content of brain tissue of all treatment groups were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05), especially in combined group ( P<0.01). The apoptotic rate of neural cells decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group (all P<0.05), and the combined group decreased the most ( P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of COX-2 were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group (all P<0.01), and combined group silenced COX-2 expression most obviously ( P<0.05). The results of WB showed that the protein expression levels of Beclin-1, COX-2, AQP-4, Caspase-3, HIF-1α, MMP-2/9 were significantly lower than control group (all P<0.05), while the expression of Bcl-2 was increased in all treatment groups (all P<0.01). Among them, the combined group exhibited the most pronounced trend ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Gene silencing of COX-2 in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively restore neurological function in rats with cerebral hemorrhage. The mechanism may be associated with reduced blood-brain barrier permeability, alleviated brain edema, and inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and autophagy.

Hyaluronic acid hydrogel-encapsulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats(Ⅲ) / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Our previous experimental results have shown that hyaluronic acid hydrogel can act as a vehicle for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell delivery to improve the cardiac function of rats with myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE:To explore the molecular mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in promoting damaged heart repair. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from male Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and cultured,and then hyaluronic acid-encapsulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro in a three-dimensional manner.A model of myocardial infarction was made by ligating the left anterior descending artery of female Sprague-Dawley rats.After 1 week,the model rats were screened by ultrasonic testing and then eligible ones were randomly divided into four groups:PBS group(n=12),hyaluronic acid group(n=12),bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group(n=15),and hyaluronic acid-encapsulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group(n=15).At 1 week after ligation,the model rats underwent the secondary thoracotomy followed by corresponding injections into the infarcted region and its marginal zone.The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2,vascular endothelial growth factor,thymosin β4 and c-Kit were examined at post-injection day 1,week 1 and week 2 by western blot assay.At post-injection week 2,immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the differentiation of transplanted cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein in the infarct zone in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group were significantly up-regulated at week 1 compared with the other three groups(P<0.05).At week 2,the hyaluronic acid group had a lower expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein than the other three groups(P<0.05).However,the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein in the hyaluronic acid+bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group was not significantly different compared with the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group.This was primarily attributable to a prolonged paracrine effect via the controlled release of the hyaluronic acid hydrogel.This prolonged paracrine effect offsets the inhibitory effect induced by hyaluronic acid hydrogel at 2 weeks.(2)Compared with the PBS group,thymosin β4 and c-Kit expression levels in the hyaluronic acid group,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell+hyaluronic acid group were significantly increased(P<0.05).(3)No differentiation of transplanted cells into cardiomyocytes or blood vessels was detected 2 weeks after transplantation.(4)It is indicated that transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote myocardial repair through the paracrine effect,and hyaluronic acid hydrogel prolongs the paracrine effect of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Progress of diagnosis and treatment of MET variant digestive tract cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

The incidence of digestive tract cancer is increasing and tends to be younger. With the proposed concept of precision medicine, molecular targeted therapy that kills tumor cells by specifically blocking signal transduction leads a new era of digestive tract cancer therapy. This review takes MET variant digestive tract cancer as the entry point, gives an overview of its clinical features and molecular mechanisms, and summarizes the progress of MET targeted therapy for digestive tract cancer.

Expert consensus on the bi-directional screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus / 上海预防医学

Tuberculosis （TB） and human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immune deficiency syndrome （HIV/AIDS） are both serious global public health threats. Early detection of infected persons and/or patients through TB/HIV bi-directional screening is crucial for prevention and control strategy in China and globally. In recent years， with the promotion and application of new TB and HIV detection technologies worldwide， TB/HIV bi-directional screening technologies and strategies have made remarkable changes. This expert consensus introduces the significance and challenges of TB/HIV bi-directional screening， summarizes important progress of research and applications， and makes recommendations on screening measures and procedures to further strengthen TB/HIV bi-directional screening in China.

Research progress on the function of ectopic olfactory receptors and their value as drug targets / 中国药科大学学报

@#Abstract: Olfactory receptors (ORs) are transmembrane proteins mainly distributed in olfactory sensory neurons of the nasal epithelium, mediating the transmission of real-time sensory signals to the brain to produce smell. Recent studies have reported that ORs can also be expressed in tissues or organs outside the nasal cavity, and are closely related to a variety of biological processes, such as sperm chemotaxis, wound healing, glycolipid metabolism and intestinal secretion. In addition, ORs are closely related to a variety of malignant tumors such as prostate cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer, and may affect the occurrence and development of tumors by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. This review provides an overview of the effects of ectopic ORs on the function of various human tissues and organs and assesses their potential value as drug targets for the treatment of human diseases.

Prediction of myometrial invasion of bladder cancer based on texture analysis of the bladder wall at tumor base / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To identify the value of ultrasound radiomic features extracted from the bladder wall at tumor base in predicting myometrial invasion of bladder cancer.Methods:A total of 175 cases with bladder cancer confirmed by pathology from January 2017 to February 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into training set and testing set in a ratio of 7∶3. The MaZda texture analysis software was used to draw the region of interest (ROI) of the bladder wall and the tumor region for extracting texture features. The minimum absolute reduction and variable selection operator (LASSO) regression and 10-fold cross-validation were used to screen the features of training set for establishing the models. And the ROC curve was used to evaluate the efficiency of the models.Results:A total of 279 texture features were extracted from the ROI of the bladder wall and the tumor region, and 5 texture features were screened out for constructing omics scoring models by LASSO regression and 10-fold cross-test. The area under ROC curve (AUC)s used in training set and testing set of the bladder wall were 0.921 and 0.856, while the AUCs applied in training set and testing set of the tumor region were 0.849 and 0.704. Both in the training set and test set, the AUCs of the model of the bladder wall were higher than those of the model of the tumor region (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The omics scoring model based on the texture features of the bladder wall at tumor base can effectively identify muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC) and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC), and has better performance than the model based on the texture feature of the tumor region.

lncRNA CDK5RAP3 regulates the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells via miR-223-3p / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To explore the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CDK5RAP3 in gastric cancer tissue and its regulatory effect on gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion.Methods:The expression differences of CDK5RAP3 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were analyzed by TCGA database. By transfecting the pcDNA3.1-CDK5RAP3 plasmid into Hs-746T cells, a gastric cancer cell line overexpressing CDK5RAP3 (CDK5RAP3 group) was constructed, and the pcDNA3.1 plasmid was transfected into Hs-746T cells as a control group. The changes of CDK5RAP3 expression in the two groups of cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The effects of overexpression of CDK5RAP3 on the proliferation and invasion of Hs-746T cells were detected by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The binding sites of CDK5RAP3 and miR-223-3p were predicted by the starBase v2.0 database. The direct binding of CDK5RAP3 and miR-223-3p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment. The expression levels of miR-223-3p in Hs-746T cells in each group were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of proliferation proteins and invasion proteins in Hs-746T cells in each group. The experimental data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software, and the measurement data conforming to the normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD. The t-test was used to compare between two groups, and the one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the means of multiple groups. Results:Compared with adjacent tissues, the expression level of CDK5RAP3 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly lower ( P<0.01). The expressions of CDK5RAP3 in Hs-746T cells in the control group and CDK5RAP3 group were (1.08±0.77) and (10.63±2.14), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Up-regulation of CDK5RAP3 significantly decreased the proliferation activity of Hs-746T cells ( P<0.05). The number of invasive cells in the control group and CDK5RAP3 group were (137.80±28.72) and (57.76±24.95), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). CDK5RAP3 could directly bind miR-223-3p ( P<0.01). The expression of miR-223-3p in Hs-746T cells in control group and CDK5RAP3 group were (6.22±1.20) and (1.01±0.98), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Compared with the control group, up-regulation of CDK5RAP3 significantly reduced the expression levels of proliferation and invasive proteins. Conclusion:The expression of CDK5RAP3 is low in gastric cancer tissue, and CDK5RAP3 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer Hs-746T cells by targeting miR-223-3p.

Application of two RT-PCR methods for detection of norovirus in market-sold oysters and norovirus genetic characteristic analysis, a survey conducted in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the application of real-time RT-PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR in the detection of norovirus in oysters and analyzing the genetic characteristics of the isolates. Methods: Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR were used to detect norovirus GⅠ/GⅡ in fresh oysters collected from the markets in Beijing from November 2014 to October 2015. The detection rate of the parallel test was also analyzed. In addition, the reliability of semi-nested RT-PCR was evaluated by agreement rate and consistency test (Kappa value). The positive products of norovirus GⅠ/GⅡ capsid protein region gene by semi-nested RT-PCR were sequenced. Software BioEdit 7.0.9.0 was used for sequence alignment, and software Mega 6.0 was used to construct the evolutionary tree. Results: In 72 samples, the detection rate of norovirus was 31.94% (23/72) by real-time RT-PCR, 38.89% (28/72) by semi-nested RT-PCR and 48.61% (35/72) by parallel test. The coincidence rate of the two methods was 73.61%, a moderate degree (Kappa value =0.43). A total of 13 norovirus strains were successfully sequenced, and 11 strains (7 GⅡ.17 strains, 2 GⅡ. 4 Sydney_ 2012 strains, 1 GⅡ. 1 strain and 1 GⅡ. 21 strain) were obtained from norovirus positive samples by two RT-PCR methods, two strains (1 GⅡ. 17 strain and 1 GⅡ. 3 strain) were obtained from real-time RT-PCR negative samples which were positive for norovirus by semi-nested RT-PCR. The similarity between these strains and reference strains from diarrhea patients, environmental sewage, and shellfish products were 84.4% - 100.0%. Conclusions: The parallel test of norovirus in oysters by two RT-PCR methods can improve the detection rate and detect more genotypes. Norovirus strains in oysters were highly homologous with reference strains from diarrheal patients, environmental sewage, and shellfish products. Therefore, surveillance, prevention and control for norovirus should be carried out in people who have frequent contacts with oysters and related environments.

Progress of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in treatment of colorectal cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its morbidity and mortality increase year by year. In recent years, some patients with colorectal cancer have benefited from precision targeted therapies, but the overall prognosis is still unsatisfactory. Treatment of homologous recombination deficiency represented by BRCA1/2 has become a hot research direction at present. With the wide application and exact curative effect of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and other malignant tumors, PARP inhibitors are also gradually being used in colorectal cancer. This review summarizes the current research progress of PARP inhibitors in treatment of colorectal cancer.

Cross lagged analysis of boredom proneness and smoking, drinking behavior among adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the development and interactive correlations between boredom proneness, smoking and drinking behavior.@*Methods@#A total of 416 adolescents from one senior high school and one college in the Inner Monggol Autonomous Region were recruited to complete the short version boredom proneness scale, as well as smoking and drinking behavior scale at baseline and in the 12 month follow up.@*Results@#There were significant and positive correlation between boredom proneness and smoking and drinking behavior at both cross sectional levels (T1 r =0.30, 0.34, T2 r =0.24, 0.45, P ＜0.01). Significant autoregressive coefficients were observed for boredom proneness, smoking and drinking behavior in adolescents ( β=0.53, 0.61, 0.45, P ＜ 0.01). Moreover, the cross lagged analyses revealed that the relationship between bordom proneness and smoking behavior was unilaterally influencing ( β=0.12, P＜0.01; β=0.03, P ＞0.05), the relationship between bordom proneness and drinking behavior was bidirectional over the 12 months ( β=0.21, 0.09, P ＜0.05).@*Conclusion@#Boredom proneness of adolescents is closely related to smoking and drinking behavior, boredom proneness can positively predict smoking and drinking behavior, and drinking behavior can positively predict boredom proneness.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improve hippocampal neuron injury in rats with depression via microRNA-1297/CTGF axis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomal microRNA-1297 (miR-1297) on hippocampal neuron damage in depressed rats.Methods:BMSCs and BMSCs-derived exosomes were prepared and identified. Rats were first injected with corticosterone to establish the model of depression, and then injected with BMSCs-derived exosomes. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TNF-α and IL-1β in rat serum samples, hippocampal tissues and neurons were detected. Expression of miR-1297 in hippocampal tissues and neurons was detected by RT-qPCR. A rat hippocampal neuron injury model was established to investigate the role of BMSC-derived exosomes and miR-1297 in neuronal apoptosis and proliferation. The targeting relationship between miR-1297 and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was analyzed using dual luciferase reporter genes.Results:In the hippocampus of depressed rats, the expression of miR-1297 was low, while the expression of CTGF was elevated. Exosomes derived from BMSCs can inhibit the expression of CTGF by up-regulating the level of miR-1297, thereby inhibiting neuronal cell apoptosis in the hippocampus of depressed rats, while increasing the level of SOD, and reducing inflammatory damage, and ultimately improving the behavioral function of depressed rats.Conclusions:Depressed rats showed decreased expression of miR-1297 and increased expression of CTGF. BMSC-derived exosomes inhibited CTGF expression through up-regulating miR-1297, thereby improving hippocampal neuron damage in rats with depression.

Characteristics and influencing factors of esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal carcinoma / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early esophageal carcinoma.Methods:Patients who underwent ESD in the Digestive Endoscopy Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018 were included. The data were obtained from medical records and follow-up. The influencing factors of stenosis were determined by single factor and Cox regression analysis.Results:A total of 654 patients underwent ESD and 79 (12.1%) of them developed postoperative esophageal stenosis. The median time of stenosis development was 27 (17, 43) days. The morphology and lesion circumferential proportion were independent factors for the occurrence of stenosis after ESD. The stenosis incidence of type Ⅱa was 6.601 times (95% CI: 1.518-28.709, P=0.012) compared with that of type Ⅱc. The incidence of stenosis in lesions with 75%-<100% and 100% circumference was 17.408 times (95% CI: 8.009-37.839, P<0.001)and 52.439 times (95% CI: 23.905-115.029, P<0.001) respectively compared with that of patients <75%. Among the 79 patients, 27 had severe stenosis, and the lesion circumferential proportion was an independent factor for stenosis. Compared with the group of lesion circumferential proportion of less than 75%, the incidences of stenosis of lesion circumferential proportion of 75%-<100% and 100% were 7.775 (95% CI: 1.977-30.577, P=0.003) and 70.062 (95% CI: 19.879-246.926, P<0.001) times respectively. Conclusion:The morphology and lesion circumferential proportion are two independent factors for the occurrence of esophageal stenosis after ESD. Additionally, lesion circumferential proportion is an independent factor for the occurrence of severe esophageal stenosis after ESD.

Parameterized Analysis of Craniocerebral Injury Caused by Fist / 法医学杂志

Objective Based on the theory of biomechanics, the finite element method was used to study the injury characteristics of different parts of brain hit by fist with different force and to predict the risk of craniocerebral injury, in order to provide reference for actual medical protection and forensic identification. Methods The finite element model of fist was constructed by using DICOM data modeling method and related software, and the effective mass and speed of fist were used to represent the kinetic energy of fist, and combined with human finite element model THUMS 4.02, the characteristics of craniocerebral injury caused by frontal and lateral blows were parametrically simulated. Results The probability of direct death from a blow to the head was low, but as fist power increased, so did the risk of craniocerebral injury. The characteristics of craniocerebral injury were also significantly different with the different fist hitting head locations. When the frontal area was attacked, the maximum equivalent stress of skull was 122.40 MPa, while that of brain tissue was 4.31 kPa. When the temporal area was attacked, the maximum equivalent stress of skull was 71.53 MPa, while that of brain tissue was 7.09 kPa. Conclusion The characteristics and risks of skull fracture and brain tissue injury are different when different parts of the brain are hit by fist. When the frontal area is hit, the risk of skull fracture is significantly higher than when the temporal area is hit. The risk of brain tissue injury is the opposite. The position with the highest probability of skull fracture is generally the place where the skull is directly impacted, and with the conduction of stress waves, it will spread to other parts of the skull, while the position with the highest risk of brain tissue injury is not the place where the brain is directly impacted.

Effect of lenalidomide combined with temozolomide on drug resistance and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene epigenetic modification of U251/TR cells / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of lenalidomide (LEN) combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on proliferation, invasion, drug resistance and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase ( MGMT) gene epigenetic modification of TMZ-resistant human glioblastoma cell line U251/TR. Methods:A TMZ-resistant human glioma cell line, U251/TR, was successfully established by stepwise exposure of U251 parental cells to TMZ. U251/TR cells were divided into dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group, LEN group, TMZ group and LEN+TMZ group (DMSO group: without any drug intervention; LEN group, TMZ group, and LEN+TMZ group were pretreated with 100 μmol/L LEN, 200 μmol/L TMZ, 100 μmol/L LEN+200 μmol/L TMZ, respectively; the drugs were administered once every 24 h). The proliferation rate of these cells in each group was detected by sulfonylrhodamine B colorimetric assay at different time points (24, 48, 72, and 96 h after treatment). At 96 h after treatment, the invasion and migration abilities of cells in each group were detected by Transwell assay; the proliferation cycle of cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry; Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the MGMT protein expression, and the MGMT mRNA expression in cells of each group was detected by reverse transcription-PCR; methylation specific PCR was used to detect the MGMT gene promoter methylation in each group of cells. Results:The cell proliferation rate of LEN+TMZ group was significantly decreased as compared with TMZ, LEN, and DMSO groups at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after treatment ( P<0.05). At 96 h after treatment, LEN+TMZ group had significantly decreased number of transmembrane cells, and significantly increased ratio of cells at G0/G1 phase as compared with the other 3 groups ( P<0.05); the MGMT protein and mRNA expression levels in TMZ group and LEN+TMZ group were significantly lower than those in LEN group and DMSO group ( P<0.05); and the number of cells with strong or moderate MGMT expression in TMZ group and LEN+TMZ group was obviously less than that in LEN group and DMSO group, and the MGMT fluorescence intensity in TMZ group and LEN+TMZ group (+) was obviously lower than that in LEN group (+++) and DMSO group (+++). The MGMT gene promoter was unmethylated in all groups. Conclusion:LEN alone does not obviously inhibit the proliferation and invasion of U251/TR cells; but LEN combined with TMZ could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of U251/TR cells and co-reverse the drug resistance of U251/TR cells, whose mechanism is not related to the changes of MGMT gene promoter methylation.

Th9, Th17, Treg Cells and their related cytokines in primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To detect the abnormal expression of Th9, Thl7, Treg cells, interleukin-9 (IL-9), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and to explore their roles in primary diagnosis of MM. 【Methods】 The level of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of 54 MM patients with(patient) and 45 healthy volunteers (control) were measured by flow cytometry, and the levels of IL-9, IL-17 and TGF-β were detected by ELISA. 【Results】 The percentages(%) of Th9, Thl7 in MM patients increased significantly in comparison to controls [1.37±0.39 vs 0.79±0.26; 2.02±0.41 vs 1.18±0.32] (P<0.05). The proportion(%) of CCD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ Treg cells in patients was significantly lower than those in controls (4.92±0.83 vs 7.04±1.85, P<0.05). The expression levels (%) of IL-9 and IL-17 in the peripheral blood of patients were significantly higher than those in controls (25.74 1±7.33 vs 16.82±5.58; 11.01±3.71 vs 7.68 ± 2.57, P<0.05). The levels of TGF-β in patients and controls were (3.73±1.44)% vs (6.95±2.12)%, showing a significant decrease (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The abnormal percentage of Th9, Thl7, Treg cells and the abnormal expression levels of IL-9, IL-17, TGF-β in MM patients may play an important role in the initial diagnosis of MM.

Effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen combined with aquaporin-4 gene silencing on cognitive dysfunction in rats with traumatic brain injury / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with RNA interference (RNAi) technology targeting aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) on improving cognitive function in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to explore its mechanism.Methods:Totally 112 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) group, AQP-4 RNAi group and combined treatment group, with 28 rats in each group.The TBI model of rat was established by hydraulic percussion and siRNA targeting aquaporin 4 was constructed. Rats were given corresponding intervention according to their groups.Then the modified neurological severity scores(mNSS)was evaluated on the 7th day and 21th day after operation. Morris water maze test was carried out from the 21st day to 25th day after operation and the percentage of target quadrant and daily escape latency were recorded.The changes of the brain permeability of blood-brain barrier and moisture in brain tissues were measured by Evans blue fluorometry and a wet-dry-weighing technique respectively. The protein expression levels of AQP-4, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by Western blot method. The mRNA expression of AQP-4 in TBI brain tissue was measured by RT-PCR method, and the apoptosis rate of TBI brain cells was detected by TUNEL and AnnexinV methods on the 7th day after operation. SPSS 23.0 and Graphpad Prism 7.0 softwares were used for data analysis.One-way ANOVA was used for inter group comparison.Repeated measurement ANOVA was used for Morris results, and the LSD- t test was used for pairwise comparisons. Results:The results of mNSS showed that there were significant differences among the groups on the 7th day and 21st day after operation ( F=4.89, 7.59, both P<0.05). The scores of each treatment group were lower than that of the control group, and the effect of the combined treatment group was the best (7th day: t=3.98, -7.75, both P<0.05; 21st day: t=47.82, 7.94, both P<0.05). The results of Morris water maze test showed that the time and group interaction of rats in the target quadrant residence time and escape latency were not statistically significant( F=1.83, 8.42, both P>0.05). The escape latency and the percentage of stay in the target quadrant in the combined treatment group were better than those in other groups on the 24th and 25th day after operation (all P<0.05). Evans blue staining showed that the contents of Evans blue in AQP-4 RNAi group, hyperbaric oxygen group and combined treatment group were lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05), and that in the combined treatment group was the lowest( t=6.19, P<0.05). The results of dry-wet specific gravity method showed that the water content of brain tissue in the combined treatment group((68.15±1.52)%) was the lowest, and that in the AQP-4 RNAi group((76.71±1.06)%) was lower than that in the HBO group ((80.23±1.43)%)( t=4.38, P<0.05). The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of AQP-4, Caspase-3, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those in other groups(all P<0.05), while the expression of Bcl-2 was increased in the combined treatment group( P<0.05). RT-PCR results (gray value ratio) showed that AQP-4 mRNA levels in AQP-4 RNAi group(0.61±0.21), HBO group (0.83±0.12), combined treatment group(0.22±0.05) and CON group (1.31 ± 0.25) were significantly different( F=175.05, P<0.05), while the AQP-4 mRNA levels decreased in AQP-4 RNAi group which was better than that in hyperbaric oxygen group ( t=5.25, P<0.05). The decrease was the most obvious in the combined treatment group ( t=58.94, P<0.05). The results of TUNEL and AnnexinV showed that the treatment groups were more effective than the control group in inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, especially in the combined treatment group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The combination of targeted AQP-4 RNAi and hyperbaric oxgen can effectively promote the recovery of neurological and cognitive function, and the mechanism may be related to protecting the integrity of blood-brain barrier, alleviating brain edema and inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells after TBI.

Insights on the peacetime-wartime combination mechanism for general hospitals in the face of emerging infectious diseases / 中华医院管理杂志

General hospitals play an important role in the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases, making it imperative to stand by for outbreaks of epidemics in peacetime. This study analyzed the necessity of the mechanism of adapting these hospitals to both peacetime and wartime against emerging infectious diseases. In addition, the authors identified existing problems in dealing with emerging infectious diseases, and put forward corresponding suggestions: readiness in the conversion into epidemic-control; strengthened comprehensive prevention and control of nosocomial infection; strengthened construction of epidemic prevention teambuilding; an emergency material supply guarantee mechanism; an optimized monitoring and early warning mechanism; enhanced risk management and joint prevention and control.

Precision treatment of colorectal cancer with rare gene mutations / 肿瘤研究与临床

Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal malignant tumor. Advances of targeted therapy and immunotherapy have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. In recent years, with the concept of precision medicine, molecular classification of colorectal cancer based on molecular pathology has been widely accepted. Patients with BRAF, HER2, MET, PIK3CA, MEK, BRAC1, BRAC2 and other rare driver gene mutations have been gradually paid attention. This article reviews the treatment advances in colorectal cancer with rare driver gene mutations.

Research Progress of Glioma Immunotherapy / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumors in the central nervous system，and more than half of them are WHO grade IV glioblastomas. Even if surgery，concurrent chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy were applied，median survival of GBM patients is still only 14.2 months. Immunosuppression is an important feature of malignant glioma. Immunotherapy which reverse immunosuppression may be the most promising way to improve the treatment effect of glioma patients in recent years. This article reviews the recent progress of glioma immunotherapy and the research progress of regulatory T cells（Treg）and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor（GITR）in the glioma microenvironment. We hope this article will provides new research ideas for glioma immunotherapy.

Application of human resource management in the management of clinical skill teaching team / 中国基层医药

Based on the development requirements of the Clinical Skills Teaching Center of modern hospitals and the needs of clinical practice teaching, the innovative human resource management model is applied to the management of the clinical skills teaching team of Bengbu Medical College, thereby promoting the fine teaching of the business in the new era.The construction of an excellent teaching team has achieved obvious initial results.This research analyzes specific management measures in combination with the actual situation, and aims to provide a reference for improving the quality of clinical skills teaching teams in Bengbu Medical College, and even promoting the reform and management of clinical skills teaching teams in the country.