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Stem cell research has become a frontier in the field of life sciences, and provides an ideal model for exploring developmental biology problems such as embryogenesis, histiocytosis, and gene expression regulation, as well as opens up new doors for clinical tissue defective and inheritance diseases. Among them, menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) are characterized by wide source, multi-directional differentiation potential, low immune rejection characteristics. Thus, MenSCs can achieve individual treatment and have the most advantage of the clinical application. The central nervous system, including brain and spinal cord, is susceptible to injury. And lethality and morbidity of them tops the list of all types of trauma. Compared to peripheral nervous system, recovery of central nervous system after damage remains extremely hard. However, the treatment of stem cells, especially MenSCs, is expected to solve this problem. Therefore, biological characteristics of MenSCs and their treatment in the respect of central nervous system diseases have been reviewed at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide reference for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.
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Objective To ascertain the utility and difference of sonography with echo-tracking (ET) technique and pulse-Doppler to assess vascular stiffness in rats with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.Methods Sonography associated with ET technique and pulse-Doppler were used to measure stiffness parameter (β),arterial compliance (AC),distensibility coefficient (DC),one-point pulse wave velocity (PWVβ),resistence index(RI),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV) and EDV/PSV of the aorta in cholesterol-fed SD rats (group T1,n =10,for 4 weeks;group T2,n =10,for 12 weeks) and normal control rats(group C1,n =10;group C2,n =10).All parameters and blood biochemical markers[total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-CH) and highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH)] among groups were analyzed with ANOVE factor analysis.Correlation was analyzed with Pearson analysis.Light microscopic evaluation were used to demonstrate atherosclerotic changes in the aorta.Results The PWVβ value and PSV of the aorta between group T1 and T2 were significantly different (P =0.001,P <0.05).The β,PWVβ values of the aorta in group T1 and T2 were significantly higher than those of group C1 and C2 (P <0.05).AC and DC values of the aorta in group T1 and T2 were significantly lower than those of group C1 and C2 (P <0.05).Correlation analysis showsed that RI was positively correlated with systolic pressure(P <0.05).All parameters had correlated with each other among β,PWVβ,AC,DC,TG,TC,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.DC and AC were negatively correlated with β and PWVβ,also DC was negatively correlated with TG.Light microscopy confirmed morphologic typical changes of aortic atherosclerosis in group T1 and T2.Conclusions Sonography with the ET method compared with pulse-Doppler is much more sensitive and it can be used to evaluate tissue elastic changes in arterial walls associated with atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia.PSV can reflect atherosclerosis of rat's abdominal aorta well,but pulse-Doppler is limited in the diagnosis of earlier atherosclerosis period.
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Objective To reproduce an SD rat model of prostatic calculus by using nanobacteria (NB), and explore the role of NB in contributing to prostatitis and prostatic calculus. Methods Twenty adult male SD rats were randomized to the control group and 20 to the model group. Rat prostate infection models were reproduced by infusing 0. 2 ml (Concentration, 1 Mai unit) NB suspension transurethrally. 0.2 ml physiological saline was infused transurethrally in the rat control group. The rats were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks later and prostatic pathology were viewed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Lithogenesis was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) or Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Re-isolation, culture and identification of nanobacteria were also done in rat prostatic tissues. Results Chronic inflammatory changes of prostates were shown in the model group at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks after infusing NB suspension. Prostatic calculi were detected by SEM and TEM at 8 weeks in the prostates of the rat model group (7/10). Neither chronic inflammatory changes nor prostatic calculus was found in the control group. NB was positive in the model group, but negative in the control group. Conclusions NB infection could cause chronic prostatitis and prostatic calculus in rats.
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Objective To determine the main CT features and the key points of differential diagnosis of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) classified according to 2004 WHO pathological diagnostic criteria. Methods According to the criteria, 40 patients were divided into two groups: MCRCC group and other subtypes of cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC). The CT findings were evaluated and compared between two groups for cystic content, wall, septum, nodularity, calcification and enhancement. ROC curve was used to determine the cut-off value of the possible CT feature which could distinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC. Results Seventeen cases of MCRCC group and 23 cases of CRCC group were included in this study according to the diagnostic criteria. MCRCC appeared as a well defined multilocular cystic mass with thin wall and sepia and no expansile solid nodules. Thickness of cystic wall and/or septum is was main CT findings to distinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC (P < 0.01 ). The cut-off value of the thickness was 6 mm and its sensibility, specificity was 89% ,75% respectively. Conclusion Cystic wall and/or septum with a thickness of less than 6 mm are the main CT findings to dis tinguish MCRCC from other subtypes of CRCC.
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Objective To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma(MM)and to analyse the outcome of difierent regimens for the treatment of MM.Methods The study reviewed 332 MM cases diagnosed within the period from January 1,2002 to December 31,2002.These patients were tracked via their records to a total period of three years.Results First-line treatment:Totally 332 patients were included,among them 325(97.9%)patients received chemotherapy and 7(2.1%)patients received stem cell transplantation(SCT);Second-line treatment:197 patients were included,among them 190(96.5%)patients received chemotherapy and 7(3.6%)patients received SCT;Third-line treatment:92 patients were included,among them 88(95.7%)patients received chemotherapy and 4(4.4%)patients received SCT.Major adverse effects were follows:severe infection 19.3%,severe anaemia 19.3%,phlebothrombosis 1.2%,thrombocytopenia 16.9%,fever associated with neutropenia 18.1%.Conclusions Some curative effects can be achieved by using traditional treatment plans to treat patients suffering from MM,but new methods are expected to improve the prognosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between subsets of lymphocytes and between its activated status and the clinical manifestations in patients with PNH, and to unfold immunological mechanism in the pathogenesis of PNH.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from 18 PNH patients and 20 controls were separated into two subpopulations using anti-CD(59) monoclonal antibody combined with goat-anti-mouse IgG immunomagnetic beads. CD(3)(+), CD(4)(+) and CD(8)(+) lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry. In 6 newly diagnosed patients, phenotypes associated with T cell activation such as CD(28)(+)/CD(4)(+) or CD(8)(+) cells, CD(8)(+) CD(38)(+) cells, and HLA-DR(+)/CD(4)(+) or CD(8)(+), and NK (CD(3)(-) CD(16)(+)) cells were detected in the peripheral blood.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Patients with PNH showed significantly increased CD(3)(+) CD(8)(+)/CD(3)(+) CD(4)(+) ratio as compared with controls (1.22 +/- 0.51 vs 0.86 +/- 0.27, P < 0.05), and the CD(3)(+) CD(8)(+)/CD(3)(+) CD(4)(+) ratio in CD(59)(-) PBMC was higher than that in CD(59)(+) PBMC (2.31 +/- 1.56 vs 0.62 +/- 0.27, P < 0.05). The ratios of CD(4)(+) CD(28)(+)/CD(4)(+) markedly decreased and CD(8)(+)HLA-DR(+)/CD(8)(+) increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with PNH appear to have abnormalities in their lymphocytes. Increased ratios of CD(3)(+) CD(8)(+)/CD(3)(+) CD(4)(+) and HLA-DR(+) CD(8)(+)/CD(8)(+) lymphocytes as well as declined ratio of CD(4)(+) CD(28)(+)/CD(4)(+) lymphocytes might be involved in the pathogenesis of PNH.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , ADP-ribosyl Cyclase , ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 , Antigens, CD , CD28 Antigens , CD4 Antigens , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , CD8 Antigens , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Killer Cells, Natural , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Lymphocyte Subsets , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Membrane Glycoproteins , Receptors, IgGABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the separation, purification and ex vivo expansion of CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), and explore the new treatment for the PNH patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells were selected from the bone marrow mononuclear cells of PNH patients by means of immunomagnetic microbead-flow cytometry two step sorting method, followed by ex vivo expansion of the cells with combination of hematopoietic factors for two weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The best combination for the ex vivo expansion was SCF + IL-3 + IL-6 + FL + Tpo + Epo, and the seventh day was the most suitable time for the best harvest when the CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells were 22.42 +/- 3.73 fold expanded. After ex vivo expansion, the cells remained CD(59) positive and potent capacity of colony formation, but their potentialities to multilineage differentiation were decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present study shows that ex vivo expansion of CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells from PNH patients might promise the possibility of performing ABMT or APBSCT clinincally for the patients.</p>
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Humans , Antigens, CD34 , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , CD59 Antigens , Cell Differentiation , Allergy and Immunology , Cell Division , Allergy and Immunology , Cell Lineage , Flow Cytometry , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Immunophenotyping , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the stroma-independent growth ability, multilineage differentiation and expansion of the single hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hematoglobinuria (PNH).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) and CD(34)(+) CD(59)(-) cells from PNH patients and CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells from normal volunteers were sorted as each single cell into a well of 96 well culture plates containing culture medium supplemented with SCF, IL-3, Epo, GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-6, Tpo and Flt-3 ligand.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Single PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(-) cell had a higher capacities for plating efficiency, colony (>/= 50 cells) formation and cell expansion than that of the PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells (P < 0.05); (2) Both the single CD(34)(+) CD(59)(-) cells from PNH patients and the single CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells from normal controls had similar capacities for cell plating efficiency and colony and large colony formation. The PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(-) cells had a lower average cell production and cell expansion capacity. (3) The single CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells from both PNH patients and normal controls showed the same capacities for cell plating efficiency and colony formation. The PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells exhibited much lower capacity for large colony formation, average cell production and total cell expansion. (4) A diminished secondary colony formation ability was also observed in the PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) and CD(34)(-) CD(59)(-) clones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The single PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(-) cells had growth advantage over the single PNH CD(34)(+) CD(59)(+) cells to some extent, but they both had impaired growth abilities as compared with CD(34)(+) cells from normal volunteers.</p>
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Humans , Antigens, CD34 , Allergy and Immunology , CD59 Antigens , Allergy and Immunology , Cell Culture Techniques , Cell Division , Physiology , Colony-Forming Units Assay , Hematopoietic Stem Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Pathology , Hemoglobinuria, ParoxysmalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the composition and proportion of the hematopoietic stem cells in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CD(34) and CD(59) expressions in PB and BM samples from 21 PNH patients and 8 normal volunteers were analyzed by flow cytometry, and their total numbers were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of CD(34)(+) cells in both PB and BM of the patients was significantly lower than that in normal controls (P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the remittent patients and normal controls. The CD(34)(+) cells in PB of the patients exhibited predominantly normal CD(59) phenotype, which had no relationship either to the patients' clinical manifestations or to the CD(59) expression status of bone marrow CD(34)(+) cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hematopoietic stem cells in patients with PNH decreases in number but show mainly normal phenotype in PB.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, CD34 , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , CD59 Antigens , Flow Cytometry , Hematopoietic Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal , Blood , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To comprehend the etiology and the clinical characteristics of hypereosinophilia.Methods The clinical data of 53 patients with hypereosinophilia admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 1992 to February 2005 were analyzed.Results The causes of reactive hypereosinophilia included allergic diseases,infections,connective tissue diseases,malignant diseases,lung diseases,eosinophilic gastroenteritis.idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome had longer course of disease;more organ involved than reactive causes.The incidence of lymph node enlargement,spleen enlargement and thrombus was higher than the reactive.IHES had higher level of white blood cell count,absolute eosinophilic count,IgG and CRP.Conclusion The etiology and clinical characteristics of hypereosinophilia are various,so the differential diagnosis of hypereosinophilia is very important.