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AIM: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of intense pulsed light(IPL)combined with meibomian gland expression(MGX)in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)-related dry eye disease(DED).METHODS: Chinese and English databases such as Chinese national knowledge infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, CBM, ClinicalTrials, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched, and clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)using IPL combined with MGX in the experimental group and MGX alone in the control group from January 2017 to September 2022 were included. Six outcome indicators including clinical efficacy, ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, break-up time(BUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score, tear meniscus height(TMH)and meibomian gland yielding secretion score(MGYSS)were Meta analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 14 software.RESULTS: A total of 15 RCTs were included, with 1 345 patients with MGD-related dry eye. Meta-analysis results showed that the treatment of MGD-related dry eye in the experimental group improved better clinical efficacy(OR=4.95, 95%CI: 2.76～8.90, Z=5.35, P<0.00001), BUT(SMD=1.26, 95%CI: 0.84～1.69, Z=5.78, P<0.00001), TMH(SMD=0.37, 95%CI: 0.15～0.59, Z=3.33, P=0.0009), and reduced OSDI scores(SMD=-0.86, 95%CI: -1.44～-0.27, Z=2.85, P=0.004)as well as MGYSS(SMD=-2.43, 95%CI: -4.31～-0.54, Z=2.52, P=0.01)than the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in CFS scores(SMD=-0.19, 95%CI: -0.46～0.07, Z=1.43, P=0.15).CONCLUSION: IPL combined with MGX in the treatment of MGD related dry eye can increase the overall effective rate and improve the symptoms and signs of patients with MGD related dry eye better than MGX alone.
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Objective:To study the intervention effect of ganoderma triterpenoids combined with exogenous monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside(GM1) on cognitive dysfunction and synaptic ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons in rats with epilepsy caused by pentylenetetrazol(PTZ).Methods:A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into blank control group, epileptic model group, ganoderma triterpenoids group, GM1 group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group according to the random number table method( n=8 in each group). The rats were intraperitoneally injected with PTZ subconvulsant dose (35 mg·kg -1·d -1) once a day for 28 days to replicate the models of chronic epilepsy. And the rats in different medication groups were given corresponding administration based on daily intraperitoneal injection of PTZ(GM1: intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg·kg -1·d -1, ganoderma triterpenoids: gavage 1 000 mg·kg -1·d -1). Morris water maze was used to test the spatial exploration and learning and memory ability of epileptic rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe expression levels of cofilin and SYN protein in hippocampus CA1 of rats. In addition, Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of cofilin, p-cofilin and synaptophysin(SYN) protein in hippocampus of rats. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Repeated one-way ANOVA was used for comparing among groups, LSD test was used for pairwise comparisons. Results:Morris water maze results showed that there were statistically significant differences in escape latency, times of crossing the platform and time spent in the target quadrant among the groups( F=5.259, 8.240, 5.961, all P<0.05). Compared with the epilepsy model group, the escape latencies((20.31±7.39) s, (21.81±6.05) s, (17.66±4.76) s) of the ganoderma triterpenoids group, GM1 group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group were shorter (all P<0.05), the numbers of crossing the platform ((4.63±1.41) times, (4.50±1.93) times, (5.50±1.77) times) were more (all P<0.05), the residence time in target quadrant ((31.91±5.00) s, (30.49±5.72) s, (35.70±5.34) s) were longer (all P<0.05). And the most obvious change was found in the GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group ( P<0.01). The results of transmission electron microscope showed that there were significant differences in the numbers of hippocampal neurons synapses, the synaptic gap, the density of postsynaptic membrane and length of active area of postsynaptic membrane among the groups( F=3.693, 7.201, 5.012, 4.033, all P<0.05). Compared with the epilepsy model group, the numbers of synapses ((8.00±1.79), (7.83±1.84), (8.50±1.87)) in the ganoderma triterpenoids group, GM1 group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group were all more (all P<0.05), synaptic gap ((33.83±3.81)nm, (32.43±4.14)nm, (30.23±3.08)nm)were narrower, and the postsynaptic dense substances ((57.50±6.03)nm, (58.10±2.40)nm, (60.73±3.81)nm) were all thicker (all P<0.05). The length of active region of postsynaptic membrane ((271.66±11.80) nm, (279.06±13.58) nm) in ganoderma triterpenoid group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group were longer than that in epilepsy model group (both P<0.05). Immunofluorescence results showed that the average fluorescence intensity of cofilin in the epilepsy model group was higher than that in the blank control group, and the average fluorescence intensity of SYN was lower than that in the blank control group (both P<0.05). The average fluorescence intensity of cofilin in GM1 group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group were lower than that in epilepsy model group (both P<0.05), and the average fluorescence intensity of SYN in ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids combined with GM1 group was higher than that in epilepsy model group ( P<0.05). Western blot showed that the expression levels of cofilin protein in the epilepsy model group was higher than that in the blank control group ((1.454±0.080), (1.092±0.099), P<0.05), and the expression of p-cofilin and SYN were lower than those in the blank control group ((1.103±0.120) vs (1.420±0.934), (1.650±0.062) vs (1.958±0.062), both P<0.05). The expression of cofilin protein ((1.227±0.071), (1.262±0.078), (1.162±0.129), P<0.05) in ganoderma triterpenoids group, GM1 group and GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group were lower than that in epilepsy model group, and the expression levels of p-cofilin(1.357±0.199) and SYN protein(1.873±0.010) in ganoderma triterpenoids combined with GM1 group were higher than that in epilepsy model group (both P<0.05). Compared with ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids group and GM1 group, there was no significant difference in each index of GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:GM1 combined with ganoderma triterpenoids may promote the synaptic plasticity of neurons, improve the learning and memory ability of epileptic rats.Combination medication is better than single medication in some observed indicators.
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Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestations and gene mutation features of patients with nucleotide excision repair (NER) disorders.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of patients with NER disorders who were admitted to the Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from October 2008 to February 2022 and diagnosed in the Outpatient Department of Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2015 to February 2022.Literature on previously reported Chinese patients with NER disorders was reviewed.Results:(1)A total of 16 patients with NER disorders were enrolled, including 6 males and 10 females.The onset age was 7.5 (4.0, 12.0) months and the age at diagnosis was 42.0 (21.5, 77.0) months.There were 3 types of NER disorders: Cockayne syndrome (CS) in 13 cases, Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) in 2 cases and Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal syndrome (COFS) in 1 case.Four disease-causing genes were detected: CSA gene in 11 cases, CSB gene in 3 cases, XPG gene in 1 case, and XPD gene in 1 case.The first symptoms of the 16 patients were photosensitivity and developmental delay, and neurological symptoms were observed in all the 3 NER disorder types.XP and CS patients had skin symptoms.CS patients presented typical facial features, visual and auditory impairment, microcephaly and changes in neuroimaging features.COFS patients showed intrauterine growth retardation.(2)Results of literature review: a total of 96 Chinese patients reported were retrieved, involving 6 disease types, including CS in 45 cases, XP in 44 cases, trichothiodystrophy in 4 cases, COFS in 1 case, XP-CS in 1 case, and ultraviolet sensitive syndrome in 1 case.Nine mutated genes were identified: CSA in 33 cases, XPA in 15 cases, CSB in 13 cases, XPV in 10 cases, XPC in 9 cases, XPG in 7 cases, XPD in 7 cases, XPF in 1 case, and MPLKIP in 1 case.The common symptoms were growth failure (62 cases), skin photosensitivity (61 cases), typical facial features (52 cases), mental retardation (49 cases) and microcephaly (48 cases). Among 36 cases had imaging data 33 cases(91.7%)had calcification of basal nucleus or globus pallidus.Three cases had intrauterine growth retardation and microcephaly during pregnancy. Conclusions:Patients with such prenatal manifestations as intrauterine growth retardation and microcephaly or with typical symptoms like skin photosensitivity, typical facial features, growth failure, mental retardation, hypertonia, and calcifications of basal ganglia should be suspected of NER disorders.Early genetic testing is recommended to confirm the diagnosis.
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Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of daratumumab in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).Methods:The clinical data of 19 MM patients treated with daratumumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy regimens from June 2021 to December 2021 in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College were retrospectively analyzed, of which 2 patients received daratumumab alone, 6 cases received daratumumab combined with lenalidomide+dexamethasone (DRD) regimen, 1 case received daratumumab combined with liposomal doxorubicin+dexamethasone (DVD) regimen, 2 case received daratumumab combined with dexamethasone+cyclophosphamide+etoposide+cisplatin (DECP) regimen, 3 cases received daratumumab combined with isazomib+dexamethasone (ID) regimen, 2 cases received daratumumab combined with bortezomib+dexamethasone (BD) regimen, and 3 cases received daratumumab combined with dexamethasone (DD) regimen. The efficacy and incidence of adverse effects were analyzed.Results:Among the 19 patients, 8 had complete remission (CR), 1 had very good partial remission (VGPR), 5 had partial remission (PR), 1 had stable disease (SD), and 4 had progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 73.7% (14/19). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 10.42 months (95% CI 8.04-12.79 months) and the median overall survival (OS) time was 52.06 months (95% CI 37.85-66.27 months). The main adverse reactions during treatment were grade 3 neutropenia in 3 cases, grade 3 lymphopenia in 3 cases, grade 2 anemia in 5 cases, grade 2 nausea and vomiting in 7 cases, and infusion-related adverse reactions in 7 cases. Conclusions:Daratumumab-based chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of MM patients can achieve great efficacy with good safety and tolerability.
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Objective:To compare the perioperative outcomes and short-term graft patency between patients who underwent multivessel off-pump coronary artery bypass graft(OPCABG) via left intercoastal space or sternotomy.Methods:Between January 2017 and August 2019, 100 patients who underwent minimal invasive coronary artery bypass graft(MICS CABG) were compared with 235 patients who underwent OPCABG by single surgeon at our institute. Among them, 257 cases were male and 78 were female, aged 34 to 84 years, with mean age(61.35±8.79)years old. Due to important differences in patients’ characteristics, a propensity score-matched analysis based on 12 covariates was performed to match in a 1∶2 fashion. 82 patients(MICS group) were matched with 127 patients(OPCABG group). Surgical and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.Results:There was no statistical difference of perioperative mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke rate( P>0.05). In MICS group, use of internal thoracic artery was higher and conversion to cardiopulmonary bypass was lower( P<0.05), but reoperation, new onset atrial fibrillation , and the use of mechanical device were similar( P>0.05). In addition, operation duration was longer but transfusion rate, postoperative chest tube drainage within 24 hours and postoperative hospital stays were less in the MICS group( P<0.05). LIMA, vein and overall graft patency were similar in the two groups shown by postoperative one-year CTA( P>0.05). Conclusion:MICS CABG is safe and feasible for patients with multiple coronary lesions. It has similar in-hospital outcomes and short-term graft patency but less transfusion and faster recovery compared to conventional OPCABG via sternotomy.
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Objective:To investigate the results of the superficial circumflex iliac artery(SCIA)-based conjoined flap for covering extremely large lower limb defects.Methods:From February 2017 to June 2019, 15 patients were admitted, who suffered from severe degloved injury for the lower limb, including 9 males and 6 females with a median year of 45 (ranged, 36-67 ) years old. All were taken thorough and radical debridement and covered by the VSD device during the emergency operation. The dimension of defects was ranged from 25.0 cm ×8.0 cm to 50.0 cm ×15.0 cm. Using the lower abdominal wall or side chest wall as the donor site, the conjoined flap was dissected when the wound surface became granulating. The perforator match fashions included bilateral SCIA, and ipsilateral SCIA and thoracodorsal artery(TA). The donor sites were primary closure. The follow-up was accomplished by the same surgeon.Results:Fourteen flaps survived completely without significant complications, and distal necrosis was observed in one longitudinal flap, which was healed with the skin graft in the second stage. All flaps were available for a mean follow-up of 18 (ranged 16-24) months. The aesthetic outcomes were achieved on the recipient site without hairy appearance and hyper-pigmentation. A concealed line scare was left on the donor site, without the hernia and limited function. At the last follow-up, 7 cases were excellent and 1 case was good, evaluated with the LEFS criteria. And 6 cases were excellent and 1 case was good, assessed by the AOFAS criteria.Conclusion:The simultaneous reconstruction of extreme lower limb defects and better salvage treatment could be achieved by the SCIA-based conjoined flap. And as a versatile flap, it was blessed with concealed donor site, various design fashions, and larger dissection size in selected cases.
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With the continuous promotion of the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, public hospitals urgently need to change the management mode, achieve connotative development, and seek benefits from their own management, which has become an urgent task than ever. The authors expounded the construction and application practice of the hospital intelligent operation management platform, took the information construction as a tool, built the operation data warehouse, established the department accounting model, and explored the construction path of the hospital intelligent operation management, so as to provide a reference for promoting the scientific, refined and informatization of the hospital operation management, and improving the operation management level.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation of endoscopy findings with symptoms in patients undergoing gastroscopy.Methods:Patients who underwent gastroscopy for the first time in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to December 2017 were included in the questionnaire survey. The participants were asked to report their main symptoms of the digestive tract in details, and gastroscopy was completed within 2 weeks. Final gastroscopic diagnosis was made based on both gastroscopy and pathology, then patients were divided into the major-lesion (peptic ulcer and malignancy) group and the non-major-lesion (chronic gastritis, reflux esophagitis and others) group. The correlation of gastrointestinal symptoms with gastroscopic findings was analyzed. The risk for major gastroscopic lesions (peptic ulcer and malignant tumors) was assessed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 5 885 patients completed the questionnaire, 5 496 (93.4%) of whom completed gastroscopy. The detection rates of peptic ulcer were 12.3% (373/3 028), 12.6% (52/412), 17.9% (49/273), 9.5% (64/675) and 9.2% (102/1 108) in patients with dyspepsia, reflux, alarm, other symptoms and no symptoms, respectively, the detection rates of malignant tumors were 1.2% (36/3 028), 0.7% (3/412), 7.7% (21/273), 0.7% (5/675) and 0.4% (4/1 108), respectively in these patients. The most common symptoms was dyspepsia, accounted for 58.3% (373/640) and 52.2% (36/69) patients with peptic ulcer and malignant tumors, respectively. Alarm symptoms were found in 30.4% (21/69) patients with malignant tumors, and 15.9% (102/640) peptic ulcer patients and 5.8% (4/69) malignant tumor patients had no gastrointestinal symptoms. Compared to asymptomatic individuals, patients with dyspepsia ( P<0.001, OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.21-1.92) and those with warning symptoms ( P<0.001, OR=2.87, 95% CI: 2.02-4.08) had significantly increased risk for major lesions (peptic ulcer and malignant tumors) detected by gastroscopy. Conclusion:Although dyspepsia and alarm symptoms are positively associated with upper gastrointestinal malignancy and peptic ulcer, they are of limited predictive value for upper gastrointestinal diseases.
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@#With the development of medicinal and organic chemistry, more and more classical and non-classical bioisosteres are used in the design of novel drugs.Bicyclo[1.1.1] pentane (BCP), as a bioisostere of benzene, t-butyl and alkyne moieties,has recently received extensive attention from medicinal and organic chemists.This paper briefly reviews its application in drug design to provide reference for drug discovery researchers.
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Objective@#To examine the effects of obesity and central obesity on hypertension, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control measures of hypertension.@*Methods@#From September to December 2018, residents at ages of 35 to 75 years were sampled using the multi-stage random sampling method in Baiyin District, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, and subjected to questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. The interaction between obesity/central obesity and hypertension was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. The synergy index ( SI ), relative excess risk due to interaction ( RERI ) and attributable proportion due to interaction ( AP ) were calculated using Excel compiled by Andersson et al.@*Results@#A total of 6 246 questionnaires were allocated and 6 169 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.77%. The respondents included 3 038 men ( 49.25% ) and 3 131 women (50.75%), with a mean age of ( 52.05±8.78 ) years. There were 832 respondents with obesity ( 13.49% ) and 2 278 with central obesity ( 36.93% ). The crude and standardized prevalence rates of hypertension were 35.89% and 33.05%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that obesity ( OR=2.020, 95%CI: 1.705-2.393 ) and central obesity ( OR=1.622, 95%CI: 1.433-1.836 ) were statistically associated with hypertension. There was no multiplicative interaction between obesity or central obesity and hypertension ( OR=1.011, 95%CI: 0.655-1.560 ), and no additive interaction was detected between obesity or central obesityand hypertension ( SI=1.405, 95%CI: 0.815-2.424; RERI=0.658, 95%CI: -0.298 to 1.614; AP=0.201, 95%CI: -0.075 to 0.476 ).@*Conclusions@#Obesity and central obesity increase the risk of hypertension; however, no interaction is detected between obesity or central obesity and hypertension.
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Objective:To compare peripheral blood tenascin-C (TN-C) level in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) on admission, after treatment and at recovery, and to assess the potential of TN-C as a novel predictor for coronary artery lesion.Methods:Retrospective study.Blood samples of 44 KD patients [including 21 patients with coronary artery lesions (CAL + group) and 23 patients without coronary artery lesions(CAL - group)], 39 anaphylactoid purpura patients and 36 non-infected and non-vasculitis controls in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College during January 1, 2018 and November 1, 2018 were collected.TN-C level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Normally distributed data were compared by the t test; otherwise, they were compared by the Mann- Whitney U test. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient or Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between TN-C and other laboratory indexes. Results:For KD patients, TN-C levels on admission [(32.0±13.8) μg/L] and after treatment [(33.5±11.4) μg/L] were significantly higher than that at recovery [(23.3±10.8) μg/L](all P<0.01), which was positively correlated with C-reactive protein ( r=0.317, P=0.038), and negatively correlated with sodium level ( r=-0.472, P=0.004). No significant difference in TN-C level was found between CAL + group and CAL - group [on admission: (31.7±15.4) μg/L vs.(32.3±12.5) μg/L; after treatment: (32.2±11.6) μg/L vs.(34.8±11.3) μg/L; at recovery: (22.6±7.3) μg/L vs.(24.0±13.4) μg/L; all P>0.05]. In addition, TN-C level in patients with KD [(32.0±13.8) μg/L] and anaphylactoid purpura [(37.2±18.2) μg/L] was significantly higher than that of control children [(24.0±8.05) μg/L] (all P<0.01). Conclusions:The study findings are able to prove the potential of peripheral blood TN-C as a predictor for coronary artery lesion in KD patients, nor as a maker of vascular injury.Nevertheless, it may be used as an indicator of immune response in the acute phase of KD.
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This study analyzed the effects of male age and abstinence time on semen quality and explored the best abstinence time for Chinese males among different age groups. Semen parameters, including sperm kinetics, morphology, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI), were reviewed from 2952 men. Samples were divided into six age groups (≤25 years, 26-30 years, 31-35 years, 36-40 years, 41-45 years, and >45 years) and were divided into six groups according to different abstinence time (2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days). The differences in semen quality between the groups were compared, and the effect of age and abstinence time on semen quality was analyzed. Significant differences were observed in semen volume, progressive motility (PR), and DFI among the age groups (all P < 0.05), and no significant differences were observed in sperm morphological parameters (all P > 0.05). There were significant differences in semen volume, PR, and DFI among different abstinence time groups (all P < 0.05) and no significant differences in sperm morphological parameters (all P > 0.05). Pearson analysis showed that male age and abstinence time were both significantly correlated with sperm kinetics and DFI (both P < 0.05), while no significant correlation was found with sperm morphological parameters (all P > 0.05). The box plots and histograms of men's age, abstinence time, and semen quality show that most semen quality parameters differ significantly between the 2 days and 7 days abstinence groups and other groups at different ages. Except for the sperm morphology parameters, sperm kinetic parameters and sperm DFI are linearly related to male age and abstinence time.
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Adult , DNA Fragmentation , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Semen , Semen Analysis , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , SpermatozoaABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and its incidence and mortality are among the top three of all malignant tumors. In recent years, CRC is becoming more common in younger patients. Currently, surgery is the main or first treatment of early stage CRC, however, up to 50% patients have recurrence and metastasis post-surgery. While chemotherapy and radiotherapy are often used as adjuvant treatment after surgery or as main treatment options for late stage CRC, they usually induce severe adverse effects. Safe and effective treatments for CRC are still lacking. Therefore, it is essential to discover new therapies for CRC. Neuropilin 1 (NRP1), as a transmembrane glycoprotein, is reported to highly express in CRC, and its overexpression is demonstrated to be closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC. NRP1 is involved in angiogenesis, tumor growth, autophagy, and lipid metabolism, which is expected to be a potential new target for the treatment of CRC. This paper reviews the role of NRP1 in CRC, including its molecular structure, expression in CRC, as well as its connection with autophagy and metabolism. The regulatory factors of NRP1 in CRC were introduced, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), etc. The potential intervention strategies of CRC targeting NRP1 were summarized in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and prevention of CRC.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the pharmacological mechanism of Bushen Huatan (BSHT) recipe in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).@*METHODS@#The active ingredients in the component drugs of the recipe were screened through TCMSP, and their potential targets were predicted by PubChem and Swiss target prediction. Genecards and OMIM were used to screen the therapeutic targets in the treatment of PCOS. The drug targets and disease targets were corrected using Uniprot, and the intersection targets were obtained. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING, and the intersection targets were analyzed with CytoNCA to screen the core targets. DAVID was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and the core components and core targets were verified using AutoDock. Animal experiment was performed to verify the results using a female C57BL/6J mouse model of PCOS, treated daily with 1 mg/kg BSHT recipe granule for 35 days, and the ovarian expressions of the core targets and pathways were detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#We identified a total of 125 potential active ingredients from the 14 component drugs in the recipe, 990 drug targets, 4759 PCOS targets and 434 intersection targets. The core active ingredients of the recipe included β -Sitosterol, kaempferol, and quercetin, whose core targets included PIK3CA, PIK3R1, APP, AKT1, and MAPK1. GO enrichment analysis highlighted such processes as drug reaction, negative regulation of apoptosis, and positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter. The enriched KEGG pathways included primarily the cancer pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the core active ingredients had strong binding ability with the core targets. In the animal experiment, BSHT recipe was shown to improve the symptoms, down-regulate the expressions of PI3K and Akt proteins and up-regulate MAPK1 expression in the ovary of mice with PCOS.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic mechanism of BSHT recipe for PCOS involves multiple active ingredients, multiple therapeutic targets and multiple pathways.
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Animals , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Molecular Docking Simulation , Network Pharmacology , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/drug therapyABSTRACT
Objective: To simulate and evaluate the scraping and grinding work of workers with different spinal anteversion angles, and to explore the effects of different anteversion angles on the erector spinae muscles of scrapers. Methods: In November 2019, 16 male college student volunteers were recruited to simulate workers' scraping and grinding work. The parameters were 25°, 15 times/min, 15°, 30 times/min, 5°, 60 times/min respectively. The surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to collect the electromyographic signals of the erector spinae muscles, and the surface electromyographic characteristics of the erector spinae muscles were evaluated with Borg Scale. Results: There were significant differences between the maximum voluntary contraction percentage (MVE%) of the left and right erector spinae muscles groups in the three groups with different spinal anteversion angles (F(left)=13.41, P(left)<0.001; F(right)=4.74, P(right)=0.005) , and the EMG amplitude was higher at 25°, 15 times/min. At 15°, 30 times/min, MVE% of the left side was significantly higher than that of the right side (t=2.58, P=0.021) . There was significant difference in the mean power frequency (MPF) of the right erector spinae muscle in the three groups (F=9.42, P<0.001) , but there was no significant difference in the MPF of the left erector spinae muscle (F=0.30, P=0.823) . The fitting line showed that the left erector spinae muscle showed a downward trend at 5°, 60 times/min (t=-5.39, P=0.012) . Conclusion: Scrapers are less likely to be fatigued when the posture is 15°, 30 times/min, but they are more likely to be fatigued when working at 5°, 60 times/min.
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Electromyography , Humans , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Muscles/physiology , Posture/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective @#To investigate the establishment of smoke-free environments in medical and healthcare institutions in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the implementation of the tobacco control policy in medical and healthcare institutions.@*Methods@#Health administrative sectors and public health institutions at provincial, city and county levels, secondary and tertiary medical institutions, and community health service/township health centers in Zhejiang Province were enrolled. The status of institutional establishment of smoke-free environments was investigated through concealed photography and consulting medical service guides by the assigned the third-party professional investigation company in 2021. The layout of smoke-free environments and indoor smoking were assessed according to the Criteria for Scoring Smoking-free Medical and Healthcare Institutions.@*Results@#Totally 547 medical and healthcare institutions were enrolled in this undercover investigation, including 102 health administrative sectors, 209 public health institutions, 146 secondary and tertiary medical institutions, and 90 community health service/township health centers. The gross mean scores of establishment of smoke-free environments were 83.41±12.19 among all medical and healthcare institutions, 82.02±10.73, 85.56±9.70 and 83.18±12.59 among province-, city- and county-level medical and healthcare institutions, respectively, and the gross mean scores of establishment of smoke-free environments were 82.60±12.27, 85.79±10.74, 80.89±13.85, 82.27±11.62 scores among health administrative sectors, public health institutions, secondary and tertiary medical institutions and community health service/township health centers, respectively. There were 315 institutions with no smoking signs at entrances (57.59%), 255 institutions posting no smoking signs ( 46.62% ), 245 institutions assigning two and more types of health education materials for tobacco control ( 44.79% ), 110 institutions with outdoor smoking areas ( 51.16% ), 66 secondary and tertiary medical institutions with smoking cessation clinics ( 45.20% ) and 354 institutions with carpet smoking bans in indoor places ( 64.72% ).@*Conclusions@#The overall establishment of smoke-free environments is satisfactory among medical and healthcare institutions in Zhejiang Province. Nevertheless, improving the coverage of no smoking signs and health education of tobacco control, promoting the standardized construction of smoking cessation clinics and establishing a long-action tobacco control mechanism are still needed.
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@#Bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane (BCP) is a kind of bridged ring skeleton with a three-dimensional structure. As a bioisostere of benzene ring, tert-butyl and alkyne, it has been widely used in the field of medicinal chemistry.With the expansion of its application, the synthesis of BCP and its derivatives has become an increasingly attractive research hotspot for scientists.Based on this, the present article summarizes the main synthetic strategies and methods of BCP derivatives, in the hope of providing some reference for drug discovery researchers and some insight for new synthetic methods of such compounds.
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@#Objective To compare the mid- and long-term efficacy of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS) versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods This study analyzed 679 patients with coronary heart disease treated in the Minimally Invasive Heart Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2015 to 2019, including 532 males and 147 females with an average age of 61.16 years. A total of 281 patients underwent MICS (a MICS group) and 398 patients underwent conventional CABG (a CABG group). The clinical data of the patients in the two groups were analyzed. Results The average operation time was longer (P<0.001), the total hospital stay was shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of drainage 24 h after the operation was less (P=0.029) in the MICS group. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of perioperative complications between the two groups. The median follow-up time was 2.68 years. The follow-up results showed that the total incidence of cumulative main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in the CABG group was higher at 2 years (6.2% vs. 3.8%) and 4 years (9.3% vs. 7.6%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in 2- or 4-year all-cause death between the two groups (3.5% vs. 2.8%, 5.6% vs. 2.8%, P>0.05). At the same time, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke or revascularization between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional CABG, MICS can achieve satisfactory mid- and long-term outcomes.
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Phylogeography is a research hotspot in the field of the genetic diversity and core germplasm construction of endangered rare plants. Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis is a rare plant species mainly distributed in China. Wild individuals have been overexploited for the last few decades because of increasing demand for such medicines. Therefore, it is great significance to study the phylogeography of P. poliphylla var. yunnanensis based on chloroplast gene trnL-trnF sequences. In this study, chloroplast genes trnL-trnF were used in the phylogeography analysis of 15 wild and 17 cultivated populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. This study revealed that based on the results of neutrality tests and mismatch analysis, the rapid expansion of wild population has not been detected in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. After aligning and sorting the obtained cpDNA sequences, a total of 15 haplotypes were detected in all 32 populations. One haplotype was unique to the wild population, and 5 haplotypes were unique to the cultivated population. It can be seen that the haplotype richness of cultivated population was higher than that of wild population. The wild populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were divided into two groups according to evolutionary relationship of haplotypes and distribution map of haplotypes. The haplotype of branch Ⅰ was mainly distributed in Guizhou, and the haplotype of branch Ⅱ was located in Yunnan and Huidong, Sichuan. Therefore, it's speculated that Guizhou and the west Yunnan region may be glacial refuge in the evolutionary history of wild populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and in order to protect the wild resources more effectively, wild populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis in these two areas should be included in the protection zone.
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China , Genes, Chloroplast , Humans , Liliaceae/genetics , Melanthiaceae , PhylogeographyABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in treatment of lymphoma.Methods:The clinical data of 41 lymphoma patients undergoing autologous peripheral blood HSCT at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University between January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma and 35 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The mobilization regimens included chemotherapy drugs + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) + thrombopoietin (TPO) or chemotherapy drugs + G-CSF. The pre-conditioning schemes before transplantation were listed as follows: BEAM (mustine + cytarabine + etoposide + melphalan) regimen + decitabine in 26 patients, BEAM regimen in 12 patients, BEAM regimen + chidamide in 3 patients. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), related complications, prognoses after transplantation were observed. The effects of clinical staging, B symptom,International Prognostic Score Index (IPI), extranodal involved sites, hemoglobin (Hb), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG), transplantation regimen and the status before transplantation on PFS and OS after transplantation were evaluated. Results:Among 41 patients, 37 patients (90.24%) achieved complete remission (CR), 2 patients (4.88%) achieved partial remission (PR) and 2 patients loss assessment data (4.88%) before autologous peripheral blood HSCT. The median karyocyte count was 12.74×10 8 /kg [(3.91-22.68)×10 8/kg] in 24 patients with the complete data of stem cell collection, the median CD34 positive cell count was 6.74×10 6/kg [(0.91-50.47)×10 6/kg]. All 41 patients had hematologic reconstruction. The median time of platelet implantation was 11 d (7-32 d) and the median time of granulocyte implantation was 9 d (8-16 d). All patients achieved CR after transplantation and no one case had transplantation-related death. By the end of follow-up, 33 cases (80.49%) had no progression of disease, 8 cases (19.51%) died. The OS rates of 12-month, 24-month and 72-month were 93.4%, 85.3% and 60.9%, respectively after transplantation. The PFS rates of 12-month, 24-month and 72 month were 93.3%, 84.0% and 84.0%, respectively. Median PFS and OS had not been reached. There were no statistically significant differences in the PFS and OS of patients with different gender, clinical staging, B symptom, IPI score, extranodal involved sites, Hb, LDH, β 2-MG and the status before transplantation(all P > 0.05) . The PFS and OS of patients receiving BEAM regimen + decitabine were better than those of patients receiving BEAM regimen alone (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Autologous peripheral blood HSCT is effective in treatment of lymphoma. Moreover, BEAM regimen + dicitabine preconditioning regimen can achieve longer survival time compared with BEAM regimen alone.