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1.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1001234

ABSTRACT

Background@#To propose a deep learning architecture for automatically detecting the complex structure of the aortic annulus plane using cardiac computed tomography (CT) for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). @*Methods@#This study retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent TAVR between January 2017 and July 2020 at a tertiary medical center. Annulus Detection Permuted AdaIN network (ADPANet) based on a three-dimensional (3D) U-net architecture was developed to detect and localize the aortic annulus plane using cardiac CT. Patients (N = 72) who underwent TAVR between January 2017 and July 2020 at a tertiary medical center were enrolled. Ground truth using a limited dataset was delineated manually by three cardiac radiologists. Training, tuning, and testing sets (70:10:20) were used to build the deep learning model. The performance of ADPANet for detecting the aortic annulus plane was analyzed using the root mean square error (RMSE) and dice similarity coefficient (DSC). @*Results@#In this study, the total dataset consisted of 72 selected scans from patients who underwent TAVR. The RMSE and DSC values for the aortic annulus plane using ADPANet were 55.078 ± 35.794 and 0.496 ± 0.217, respectively. @*Conclusion@#Our deep learning framework was feasible to detect the 3D complex structure of the aortic annulus plane using cardiac CT for TAVR. The performance of our algorithms was higher than other convolutional neural networks.

2.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-916867

ABSTRACT

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rates of unacceptable diagnosis and clinically significant diagnostic discrepancy in radiology sections and imaging modalities through a peer review of teleradiology. @*Materials and Methods@#Teleradiology peer reviews in a Korean teleradiology clinic in 2018 and 2019 were included. The peer review scores were classified as acceptable and unacceptable diagnoses and clinically insignificant and significant diagnostic discrepancy. The diagnostic discrepancy rates and clinical significance were compared among radiology sections and imaging modalities using the chi-square test. @*Results@#Of 1312 peer reviews, 117 (8.9%) cases had unacceptable diagnoses. Of 462 diagnostic discrepancies, the clinically significant discrepancy was observed in 104 (21.6%) cases. In radiology sections, the unacceptable diagnosis was highest in the musculoskeletal section (21.4%) (p < 0.05), followed by the abdominal section (7.3%) and neuro section (1.3%) (p< 0.05). The proportion of significant discrepancy was higher in the chest section (32.7%) than in the musculoskeletal (19.5%) and abdominal sections (17.1%) (p < 0.05). Regarding modalities, the number of unacceptable diagnoses was higher with MRI (16.2%) than plain radiology (7.8%) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in significant discrepancy. @*Conclusion@#Peer review provides the rates of unacceptable diagnosis and clinically significant discrepancy in teleradiology. These rates also differ with subspecialty and modality.

3.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-901321

ABSTRACT

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by an inhaled inciting antigen that leads to the inflammation of the lung parenchyma and small airway with immunologic reactions. Over the last decades, the most effective therapeutic option for HP has been limited to antigen avoidance. The differential diagnosis of HP from other ILDs is the beginning of treatment as well as diagnosis. However, the presence of several overlapping clinical and radiologic features makes differentiating HP from other ILDs particularly challenging. In 2020, a multidisciplinary committee of experts from the American Thoracic Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax suggested a new clinical practice guideline classifying HP into nonfibrotic and fibrotic phenotypes on the basis of chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. Therefore, we introduced a new diagnostic algorithm based on chest HRCT in the clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis of HP.

4.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-902412

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To assess the effect of left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation on LAA emptying and left atrial (LA) function using cardiac MRI in patients who underwent successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). @*Materials and Methods@#This retrospective study included 84 patients (mean age, 59 ± 10 years; 67 males) who underwent cardiac MRI after successful catheter ablation of AF. According to the electrical activity of LAA after catheter ablation, patients showed either LAA isolation or LAA normal activity. The LAA emptying phase (LAA-EP, in the systolic phase [SP] or diastolic phase), LAA emptying flux (LAA-EF, mL/s), and LA ejection fraction (LAEF, %) were evaluated by cardiac MRI. @*Results@#Of the 84 patients, 61 (73%) and 23 (27%) patients showed LAA normal activity and LAA isolation, respectively.Incidence of LAA emptying in SP was significantly higher in LAA isolation (91% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activation. LAA-EF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (40.1 ± 16.2 mL/s vs. 80.2 ± 25.1 mL/s, pp < 0.001) than in LAA normal activity. Furthermore, LAEF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (23.7% ± 11.2% vs. 31.1% ± 16.6%, p = 0.04) than in LAA normal activity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the LAA-EP was independent from LAEF (p = 0.01). @*Conclusion@#LAA emptying in SP may be a critical characteristic of LAA isolation, and it may adversely affect the LAEF after catheter ablation of AF.

5.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-893617

ABSTRACT

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by an inhaled inciting antigen that leads to the inflammation of the lung parenchyma and small airway with immunologic reactions. Over the last decades, the most effective therapeutic option for HP has been limited to antigen avoidance. The differential diagnosis of HP from other ILDs is the beginning of treatment as well as diagnosis. However, the presence of several overlapping clinical and radiologic features makes differentiating HP from other ILDs particularly challenging. In 2020, a multidisciplinary committee of experts from the American Thoracic Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax suggested a new clinical practice guideline classifying HP into nonfibrotic and fibrotic phenotypes on the basis of chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. Therefore, we introduced a new diagnostic algorithm based on chest HRCT in the clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis of HP.

6.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-894708

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To assess the effect of left atrial appendage (LAA) isolation on LAA emptying and left atrial (LA) function using cardiac MRI in patients who underwent successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). @*Materials and Methods@#This retrospective study included 84 patients (mean age, 59 ± 10 years; 67 males) who underwent cardiac MRI after successful catheter ablation of AF. According to the electrical activity of LAA after catheter ablation, patients showed either LAA isolation or LAA normal activity. The LAA emptying phase (LAA-EP, in the systolic phase [SP] or diastolic phase), LAA emptying flux (LAA-EF, mL/s), and LA ejection fraction (LAEF, %) were evaluated by cardiac MRI. @*Results@#Of the 84 patients, 61 (73%) and 23 (27%) patients showed LAA normal activity and LAA isolation, respectively.Incidence of LAA emptying in SP was significantly higher in LAA isolation (91% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than in LAA normal activation. LAA-EF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (40.1 ± 16.2 mL/s vs. 80.2 ± 25.1 mL/s, pp < 0.001) than in LAA normal activity. Furthermore, LAEF was significantly lower in LAA isolation (23.7% ± 11.2% vs. 31.1% ± 16.6%, p = 0.04) than in LAA normal activity. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the LAA-EP was independent from LAEF (p = 0.01). @*Conclusion@#LAA emptying in SP may be a critical characteristic of LAA isolation, and it may adversely affect the LAEF after catheter ablation of AF.

7.
Article | WPRIM | ID: wpr-833544

ABSTRACT

Computed tomography (CT) is an important imaging modality in evaluating thoracic malignancies. The clinical utility of dual-energy spectral computed tomography (DESCT) has recently been realized. DESCT allows for virtual monoenergetic or monochromatic imaging, virtual non-contrast or unenhanced imaging, iodine concentration measurement, and effective atomic number (Zeff map). The application of information gained using this technique in the field of thoracic oncology is important, and therefore many studies have been conducted to explore the use of DESCT in the evaluation and management of thoracic malignancies. Here we summarize and review recent DESCT studies on clinical applications related to thoracic oncology.

8.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-916838

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE@#To demonstrate the relationship between epicardial fat accumulation and left atrial reverse remodeling by cardiac multi-detector CT (MDCT) after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF).@*MATERIALS AND METHODS@#Seventy-six patients underwent cardiac MDCT before and after catheter ablation of AF. Left atrial volume (LAV) and epicardial fat volume (EFV) were measured. LAV and EFV before and after catheter ablation of AF were respectively compared and the change percentages (CPs) were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#The LAV after catheter ablation of AF was significantly less than the baseline LAV (107.5 ± 50.2 mL vs. 144.9 ± 62.6 mL, p < 0.001). The EFV after catheter ablation of AF was significantly greater than the baseline EFV (105.0 ± 35.6 mL vs. 90.1 ± 31.9 mL, p < 0.001). Mean CPs of LAV and EFV were −23.3% ± 20.8% and 15.9% ± 20.9%, respectively. There was a significantly negative relationship between the CPs of LAV and EFV (R = −0.53, p < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Catheter ablation of AF may result in a reduction in LAV and an increase in EFV. Left atrial reverse remodeling with a reduction in LAV may be associated with epicardial fat accumulation in patients who undergo catheter ablation of AF.

9.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-741462

ABSTRACT

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia associated with the risk of morbidity and mortality in clinical patients. AF is considered as an arrhythmia type that develops and progresses through close connection with cardiac structural arrhythmogenic substrates. Since the introduction of catheter ablation-mediated electrical isolation of arrhythmogenic substrates, cardiac imaging indicates improved treatment outcome and prognosis with appropriate candidate selection, ablation catheter guidance, and post-ablation follow-up. Currently, cardiac computed tomography (CCT) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging are essential in the case management of AF at both pre-and post-procedural stages of catheter ablation. In this review, we discuss the roles and technical considerations of CCT and CMR imaging in the management of patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Atrial Fibrillation , Case Management , Catheter Ablation , Catheters , Follow-Up Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mortality , Prognosis , Treatment Outcome
10.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 1195-1206, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760281

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of model-based iterative reconstruction (MIR) for volume measurement of part-solid nodules (PSNs) and solid nodules (SNs) in comparison with filtered back projection (FBP) or hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) at various radiation dose settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scanning was performed for eight different diameters of PSNs and SNs placed in the phantom at five radiation dose levels (120 kVp/100 mAs, 120 kVp/50 mAs, 120 kVp/20 mAs, 120 kVp/10 mAs, and 80 kVp/10 mAs). Each CT scan was reconstructed using FBP, HIR, or MIR with three different image definitions (body routine level 1 [IMR-R1], body soft tissue level 1 [IMR-ST1], and sharp plus level 1 [IMR-SP1]; Philips Healthcare). The SN and PSN volumes including each solid/ground-glass opacity portion were measured semi-automatically, after which absolute percentage measurement errors (APEs) of the measured volumes were calculated. Image noise was calculated to assess the image quality. RESULTS: Across all nodules and dose settings, the APEs were significantly lower in MIR than in FBP and HIR (all p < 0.01). The APEs of the smallest inner solid portion of the PSNs (3 mm) and SNs (3 mm) were the lowest when MIR (IMR-R1 and IMR-ST1) was used for reconstruction for all radiation dose settings. (IMR-R1 and IMR-ST1 at 120 kVp/100 mAs, 1.06 ± 1.36 and 8.75 ± 3.96, p < 0.001; at 120 kVp/50 mAs, 1.95 ± 1.56 and 5.61 ± 0.85, p = 0.002; at 120 kVp/20 mAs, 2.88 ± 3.68 and 5.75 ± 1.95, p = 0.001; at 120 kVp/10 mAs, 5.57 ± 6.26 and 6.32 ± 2.91, p = 0.091; at 80 kVp/10 mAs, 5.84 ± 1.96 and 6.90 ± 3.31, p = 0.632). Image noise was significantly lower in MIR than in FBP and HIR for all radiation dose settings (120 kVp/100 mAs, 3.22 ± 0.66; 120 kVp/50 mAs, 4.19 ± 1.37; 120 kVp/20 mAs, 5.49 ± 1.16; 120 kVp/10 mAs, 6.88 ± 1.91; 80 kVp/10 mAs, 12.49 ± 6.14; all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: MIR was the most accurate algorithm for volume measurements of both PSNs and SNs in comparison with FBP and HIR at low-dose as well as standard-dose settings. Specifically, MIR was effective in the volume measurement of the smallest PSNs and SNs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hominidae , Lung Neoplasms , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Noise , Phantoms, Imaging , Radiation Dosage , Thorax , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 1368-1380, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760302

ABSTRACT

Lung cysts are commonly seen on computed tomography (CT), and cystic lung diseases show a wide disease spectrum. Thus, correct diagnosis of cystic lung diseases is a challenge for radiologists. As the first diagnostic step, cysts should be distinguished from cavities, bullae, pneumatocele, emphysema, honeycombing, and cystic bronchiectasis. Second, cysts can be categorized as single/localized versus multiple/diffuse. Solitary/localized cysts include incidental cysts and congenital cystic diseases. Multiple/diffuse cysts can be further categorized according to the presence or absence of associated radiologic findings. Multiple/diffuse cysts without associated findings include lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Multiple/diffuse cysts may be associated with ground-glass opacity or small nodules. Multiple/diffuse cysts with nodules include Langerhans cell histiocytosis, cystic metastasis, and amyloidosis. Multiple/diffuse cysts with ground-glass opacity include pneumocystis pneumonia, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. This stepwise radiologic diagnostic approach can be helpful in reaching a correct diagnosis for various cystic lung diseases.


Subject(s)
Amyloidosis , Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome , Bronchiectasis , Diagnosis , Emphysema , Histiocytosis , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell , Lung Diseases , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Lung , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis , Neoplasm Metastasis , Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
12.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-916699

ABSTRACT

Aspiration is defined as accidental entrance of foreign matter into the lower respiratory tract, and is a common event and can occur in healthy individuals. The type of aspiration-induced lung diseases depends on the quantity and nature of the aspirated material, the chronicity, and the host responses. Aspiration into the airways and lungs can cause a wide spectrum of lung diseases with various manifestations in adults. Diseases with predominantly airway manifestation include foreign body aspiration and diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis. Diseases with predominantly lung parenchymal manifestation include acute diseases such as aspiration pneumonia, aspiration pneumonitis, and near drowning, and chronic diseases such as chronic exogenous lipoid pneumonia and chronic interstitial lung disease. Definitive diagnosis of aspiration-induced lung diseases is challenging to make. Awareness of radiologic findings associated with these diseases is essential for accurate diagnosis and management of these diverse aspiration-induced lung diseases.

13.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-716327

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of emphysema volume (EV) and airway measurements (AMs) produced by various iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms and virtual monoenergetic images (VME) at both low- and standard-dose settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained on phantom at both low- (30 mAs at 120 kVp) and standard-doses (100 mAs at 120 kVp). Each CT scan was reconstructed using filtered back projection, hybrid IR (iDose4; Philips Healthcare), model-based IR (IMR-R1, IMR-ST1, IMR-SP1; Philips Healthcare), and VME at 70 keV (VME70). The EV of each air column and wall area percentage (WA%) of each airway tube were measured in all algorithms. Absolute percentage measurement errors of EV (APEvol) and AM (APEWA%) were then calculated. RESULTS: Emphysema volume was most accurately measured in IMR-R1 (APEvol in low-dose, 0.053 ± 0.002; APEvol in standard-dose, 0.047 ± 0.003; all p 0.05). VME70 showed a significantly higher APEvol than iDose4, IMR-R1, and IMR-ST1 (all p < 0.004). VME70 also showed a significantly higher APEWA% compared with the other algorithms (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: IMR was the most accurate technique for measurement of both EV and airway wall thickness. However, VME70 did not show a significantly better accuracy compared with other algorithms.


Subject(s)
Emphysema , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-107507

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To optimize the timing of scans using cardiac magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced timing robust angiography (CMR-CENTRA) for electroanatomic mapping (EAM) of the right atrium (RA) and left atrium (LA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with AF (38 men; mean age, 59.6 ± 9.3 years) underwent CMR-CENTRA in preparation for EAM. The CMR-CENTRA data were acquired at five different scan times: 0 seconds, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 15 seconds, and 20 seconds after an intravenous injection of contrast media. To evaluate the degree of contrast enhancement, right atrial relative contrast (RA-RC) and left atrial relative contrast (LA-RC) on the CMR-CENTRA scans were assessed at each time point. The three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the RA and LA for the EAM system was performed using the CMR-CENTRA data. RESULTS: A CMR-CENTRA at a scan time of 10 seconds showed significantly greater LA-RC (P < 0.05) compared with all other scan times. A CMR-CENTRA at a scan time of 15 seconds showed significantly greater RA-RC (P < 0.05) compared with all other scan times. In the 3D reconstruction of the RA, the success rates of CMR-CENTRA at scan times of 10 seconds and 15 seconds were 18% and 100%, respectively. In the 3D reconstruction of the LA, the success rates of CMR-CENTRA at 10- and 15-second scan times were 100%. CONCLUSION: The CMR-CENTRA data acquired at 15 seconds after the injection of contrast media is appropriate for the preparation of an EAM system that is focused on the RA and LA in patients with AF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Angiography , Atrial Fibrillation , Contrast Media , Heart Atria , Hemodynamics , Injections, Intravenous , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
15.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-106788

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This multi-center, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of contrast agents iohexol-380 and iohexol-350 for coronary CT angiography in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Volunteers were randomized to receive 420 mgI/kg of either iohexol-350 or iohexol-380 using a flow rate of 4 mL/sec. All adverse events were recorded. Two blinded readers independently reviewed the CT images and conflicting results were resolved by a third reader. Luminal attenuations (ascending aorta, left main coronary artery, and left ventricle) in Hounsfield units (HUs) and image quality on a 4-point scale were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 225 subjects were given contrast media (115 with iohexol-380 and 110 with iohexol-350). There was no difference in number of adverse drug reactions between groups: 75 events in 56 (48.7%) of 115 subjects in the iohexol-380 group vs. 74 events in 51 (46.4%) of 110 subjects in the iohexol-350 group (p = 0.690). No severe adverse drug reactions were recorded. Neither group showed an increase in serum creatinine. Significant differences in mean density between the groups was found in the ascending aorta: 375.8 ± 71.4 HU with iohexol-380 vs. 356.3 ± 61.5 HU with iohexol-350 (p = 0.030). No significant differences in image quality scores between both groups were observed for all three anatomic evaluations (all, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Iohexol-380 provides improved enhancement of the ascending aorta and similar attenuation of the coronary arteries without any increase in adverse drug reactions, as compared with iohexol-350 using an identical amount of total iodine.


Subject(s)
Angiography , Aorta , Contrast Media , Coronary Vessels , Creatinine , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Image Enhancement , Iodine , Phenobarbital , Volunteers
16.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-83660

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of high-pitch mode (HPM) in dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) on the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) volumetry for solid pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A lung phantom implanted with 45 solid pulmonary nodules (n = 15 for each of 4-mm, 6-mm, and 8-mm in diameter) was scanned twice, first in conventional pitch mode (CPM) and then in HPM using DSCT. The relative percentage volume errors (RPEs) of 3D volumetry were compared between the HPM and CPM. In addition, the intermode volume variability (IVV) of 3D volumetry was calculated. RESULTS: In the measurement of the 6-mm and 8-mm nodules, there was no significant difference in RPE (p > 0.05, respectively) between the CPM and HPM (IVVs of 1.2 +/- 0.9%, and 1.7 +/- 1.5%, respectively). In the measurement of the 4-mm nodules, the mean RPE in the HPM (35.1 +/- 7.4%) was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than that in the CPM (18.4 +/- 5.3%), with an IVV of 13.1 +/- 6.6%. However, the IVVs were in an acceptable range (< 25%), regardless of nodule size. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of 3D volumetry with HPM for solid pulmonary nodule is comparable to that with CPM. However, the use of HPM may adversely affect the accuracy of 3D volumetry for smaller (< 5 mm in diameter) nodule.


Subject(s)
Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Pulmonary Nodules/diagnostic imaging , Phantoms, Imaging , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation
17.
Korean Journal of Medicine ; : 489-497, 2013.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-193320

ABSTRACT

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP), a heterogeneous group of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, include seven clinicopathologic entities: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP), respiratory bronchiolitis (RB)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP), and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP). Each of these entities has a typical histologic pattern that correlates well with imaging features. Thus, imaging plays an essential role in classifying and differentiating this group of diseases. The characteristic HRCT findings of IPF are reticular opacity with honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis in a predominantly basal and peripheral distribution. NSIP manifests as basal ground-glass opacity and reticular opacity. Honeycombing is rare. COP is characterized by patchy peripheral or peribronchovascular consolidation. AIP appears as extensive, mixed ground-glass opacity and consolidation. RB-ILD and DIP are smoking-related diseases associated with CT features of poorly defined centrilobular nodules and ground-glass opacity. LIP is a rare disease characterized by ground-glass opacity sometimes associated with perivascular cysts. Although some of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias may show diagnostic CT features, the final diagnosis of IIPs is usually made by means of evaluation of all the combined clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings.


Subject(s)
Bronchiectasis , Bronchiolitis , Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia , Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias , Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis , Lip , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Rare Diseases , Traction
18.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-57275

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate differences in ultrasonographic findings between malignant and benign mammary duct ectasia. METHODS: From January 2003 to June 2005, 54 surgically proven mammary duct ectasia lesions depicted on sonograms were included in this study. We evaluated the ultrasonographic (US) findings in terms of involved ductal location, size, margin, intraductal echogenicity, presence of an intraductal nodule, calcification, ductal wall thickening and echo changes of the surrounding breast parenchyma. The US findings were correlated with the pathological features. RESULTS: Of the 54 lesions, 46 lesions were benign and eight lesions were malignant. Benign lesions included an inflammatory change (n=7), ductal epithelial hyperplasia (n=7), fibrocystic change (n=18), intraductal papilloma (n=11), atypical ductal hyperplasia (n=2) and sclerosing adenosis (n=1). Malignant lesions included ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=6), infiltrating ductal carcinoma (n=1) and mucinous carcinoma (n=1). On US images, the peripheral ductal location, an ill-defined margin, ductal wall thickening and a hypoechoic change of the surrounding parenchyma were features significantly associated with malignant duct ectasia. CONCLUSION: For ill-defined peripheral duct ectasia with ductal wall thickening and surrounding hypoechogenicity as depicted on US, the possibility of malignancy should be considered and radiologists should not hesitate to recommend a prompt biopsy.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous , Biopsy , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Ductal , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating , Dilatation, Pathologic , Hyperplasia , Papilloma, Intraductal , Ultrasonography, Mammary
19.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-146948

ABSTRACT

Congenital bronchial stenosis is a rare condition with variable symptoms of presentation. Affected patients are usually asymptomatic, but because of the reduced airway, cough, cyanosis and respiratory distress may be presented. We report a 19 month-old girl with a recurrent history of severe wheezing, dyspnea and cyanosis accompanied by lower respiratory tract infections. Young children with severe respiratory symptoms and no immunological abnormalities must be suspected of airway structural abnormalities.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Constriction, Pathologic , Cough , Cyanosis , Dyspnea , Organic Chemicals , Respiratory Sounds , Respiratory System , Respiratory Tract Infections
20.
Journal of Breast Cancer ; : 318-322, 2010.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-200693

ABSTRACT

Primary breast lymphoma is a rare disease entity, particularly the T-cell type. There have been many case reports of primary breast lymphomas; however, these are mostly pathologic reports, with only a few reports in radiology literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the radiologic features of primary T-cell type breast lymphoma, including mammography, ultrasonography, MR imaging, and 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. The radiologic findings are rather unique for this T-cell lymphoma compared to B cell type.


Subject(s)
Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Electrons , Lymphoma , Lymphoma, T-Cell , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mammography , Rare Diseases , T-Lymphocytes , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography, Mammary
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