ABSTRACT
Objective To create risk predictive models of healthcare-seeking delay among imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province based on machine learning algorithms, so as to provide insights into early identification of imported malaria cases in Jiangsu Province. Methods Case investigation, first symptoms and time of initial diagnosis of imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province in 2019 were captured from Infectious Disease Report Information Management System and Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The risk predictive models of healthcare-seeking delay among imported malaria patients were created with the back propagation (BP) neural network model, logistic regression model, random forest model and Bayesian model using thirteen factors as independent variables, including occupation, species of malaria parasite, main clinical manifestations, presence of complications, severity of disease, age, duration of residing abroad, frequency of malaria parasite infections abroad, incubation period, level of institution at initial diagnosis, country of origin, number of individuals travelling with patients and way to go abroad, and time of healthcare-seeking delay as a dependent variable. Logistic regression model was visualized using a nomogram, and the nomogram was evaluated using calibration curves. In addition, the efficiency of the four models for prediction of risk of healthcare-seeking delay among imported malaria patients was evaluated using the area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The importance of each characteristic was quantified and attributed by using SHAP to examine the positive and negative effects of the value of each characteristic on the predictive efficiency. Results A total of 244 imported malaria patients were enrolled, including 100 cases (40.98%) with the duration from onset of first symptoms to time of initial diagnosis that exceeded 24 hours. Logistic regression analysis identified a history of malaria parasite infection [odds ratio (OR) = 3.075, 95% confidential interval (CI): (1.597, 5.923)], long incubation period [OR = 1.010, 95% CI: (1.001, 1.018)] and seeking healthcare in provincial or municipal medical facilities [OR = 12.550, 95% CI: (1.158, 135.963)] as risk factors for delay in seeking healthcare among imported malaria cases. BP neural network modeling showed that duration of residing abroad, incubation period and age posed great impacts on delay in healthcare-seek among imported malaria patients. Random forest modeling showed that the top five factors with the greatest impact on healthcare-seeking delay included main clinical manifestations, the way to go abroad, incubation period, duration of residing abroad and age among imported malaria patients, and Bayesian modeling revealed that the top five factors affecting healthcare-seeking delay among imported malaria patients included level of institutions at initial diagnosis, age, country of origin, history of malaria parasite infection and individuals travelling with imported malaria patients. ROC curve analysis showed higher overall performance of the BP neural network model and the logistic regression model for prediction of the risk of healthcare-seeking delay among imported malaria patients (Z = 2.700 to 4.641, all P values < 0.01), with no statistically significant difference in the AUC among four models (Z = 1.209, P > 0.05). The sensitivity (71.00%) and Youden index (43.92%) of the logistic regression model was higher than those of the BP neural network (63.00% and 36.61%, respectively), and the specificity of the BP neural network model (73.61%) was higher than that of the logistic regression model (72.92%). Conclusions Imported malaria cases with long duration of residing abroad, a history of malaria parasite infection, long incubation period, advanced age and seeking healthcare in provincial or municipal medical institutions have a high likelihood of delay in healthcare-seeking in Jiangsu Province. The models created based on the logistic regression and BP neural network show a high efficiency for prediction of the risk of healthcare-seeking among imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province, which may provide insights into health management of imported malaria patients.
ABSTRACT
Hypoxia, as an important hallmark of the tumor microenvironment, is a major cause of oxidative stress and plays a central role in various malignant tumors, including glioblastoma. Elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a hypoxic microenvironment promote glioblastoma progression; however, the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. Herein, we found that hypoxia promoted ROS production, and the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells, while this promotion was restrained by ROS scavengers N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI). Hypoxia-induced ROS activated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling, which enhanced cell migration and invasion by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, the induction of serine protease inhibitor family E member 1 (SERPINE1) was ROS-dependent under hypoxia, and HIF-1α mediated SERPINE1 increase induced by ROS via binding to the SERPINE1 promoter region, thereby facilitating glioblastoma migration and invasion. Taken together, our data revealed that hypoxia-induced ROS reinforce the hypoxic adaptation of glioblastoma by driving the HIF-1α-SERPINE1 signaling pathway, and that targeting ROS may be a promising therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Hypoxia , Cell Line, Tumor , Glioblastoma/pathology , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism , Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Tumor Microenvironment , Brain Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
As a safety culture placed between a culture of punishment and that of exemption, just culture can effectively improve the reporting rate of medical adverse events, promote medical staff to learn from events, and continuously improve patient safety management. The authors searched for literature on the study of just culture in medical institutions both domestically and internationally, including such databases as CNKI, Wanfang Data, and PubMed from 2001 to January 2023. They reviewed the concept of just culture and its connotation in the field of patient safety management, as well as the current research status of just culture in medical institutions both domestically and internationally. On such basis, they proposed for the construction of just culture in medical institutions in China, for reference in the construction and evaluation of a just culture in such institutions.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) in treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods:Forty-two patients who met the inclusion criteria in the intensive care unit of Chenzhou First People′s Hospital were randomly divided into control group and plasma exchange (PE) group with 21 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment; while the PE group received conventional treatment plus PE. The mechanical ventilation time (MVT), length of ICU stay (ICU LOS), 28-day mortality and 90-day mortality of patients were analyzed. The oxygenation index, SOFA score, norepinephrine (NE) dose, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and IL-6 levels were evaluated before and after treatment.Results:In the control group the oxygenation index, IL-6, PCT and CRP were significantly improved after treatment ( t=-4.50, 2.46, Z=-3.53, t=5.55, all P<0.05), but the SOFA score and NE dose were not significantly changed ( t=1.98, Z=-0.47,all P>0.05). In the PE group, the oxygenation index, SOFA score, IL-6, PCT, CRP were significantly improved and the NE dose was reduced after treatment ( t=2.18, 9.23, 5.26, Z=-3.77, t=7.27 and Z=-2.54,all P<0.05). The oxygenation index, SOFA score, IL-6, CRP were significantly better after treatment and NE dose was lower in PE group than those in the control group ( t=2.18, -2.21, -2.12, -2.61 and Z=-2.11, all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the MVT(14.0±5.2d vs. 18.4±6.3d), ICU LOS(19.3±4.9d vs. 23.2±7.3d) and 28-day mortality (14.3%(3/21) vs. 42.8%(10/21)) in the PE group were significantly decreased ( t=-2.48, -2.04 and χ2=4.20,all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 90-d mortality between the two groups (28.6%(6/21) vs. 52.4%(11/21), χ2=2.47, P=0.208). Conclusion:Therapeutic plasma exchange can significantly reduce the inflammatory response, improve the organ function and reduce the short-term mortality of ARDS patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To quantitatively analyze the risk indicators of re-introduction of imported malaria in China and their weighting coefficients, so as to investigate the difference in the contribution of risk indicators included in the current risk assessment framework for re-introduction of imported malaria in China to the risk assessment of re-introduction of imported malaria. Methods Publications pertaining to the risk assessment framework for re-introduction of imported malaria in China that reported the risk indicators and their weighting coefficients were retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP with terms of “malaria”, “re-introduction/re-transmission/re-establishment”, “risk assessment/risk evaluation/risk prediction” from the inception of the database through 3 August 2023, and literature search was performed in Google Scholar to ensure the comprehensiveness of the retrieval. Basic characteristics of included studies were extracted using pre-designed information extraction forms by two investigators, and data pertaining to risk indicators of re-introduction of imported malaria were cross-checked by these two investigators. The risk indicators included in the risk assessment framework for re-introduction of imported malaria in China and their weighting coefficients were visualized with the Nightingale’s rose diagrams using the software R 4.2.1, and the importance of risk indictors was evaluated with the frequency of risk indicators included in the risk assessment framework and the ranking of weighting coefficients of risk indicators. In addition, the capability of risk indicators screened by different weighting methods was compared by calculating the ratio of the maximum to the minimum of the weighting coefficients of the risk indicators screened by different weighting methods. Results A total of 2 138 publications were retrieved, and following removal of duplications and screening, a total of 8 publications were included in the final analysis. In these 8 studies, 8 risk assessment frameworks for re-introduction of imported malaria in China and 52 risk indicators of re-introduction of imported malaria were reported, in which number of imported malaria cases (n = 8) and species of malaria vectors were more frequently included in the risk assessment frameworks (n = 8), followed by species of imported malaria parasites (n = 6) and population density of local malaria vectors (n = 6), and species of local malaria vectors (n = 6), number of imported malaria cases (n = 5) and species of imported malaria parasites had the three highest weighting coefficients (n = 4). The weighting methods included expert scoring method, combination of expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process, and combination of expert scoring method and entropy weight method in these 8 studies, and the ratios of the maximum to the minimum of the weighting coefficients of the risk indicators screened by the expert scoring method were 1.143 to 2.241, while the ratios of the maximum to the minimum of the weighting coefficients of the risk indicators screened by combination of the expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process were 34.970 to 162.000. Conclusions Number of imported malaria cases, species of imported malaria parasites, species of local malaria vectors and population density of local malaria vectors are core indicators in the current risk assessment framework for re-introduction of imported malaria in China. Combination of the expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process is superior to the expert scoring method alone for weighting the risk indicators.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To determine the risk factors for developing severe pneumonia in children under 5 years old with pneumonia.@*METHODS@#A case-control study was conducted 246 children with pneumonia between 2 and 59 months old who were admitted to the department of emergency of the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2019 to May 2021 were enrolled. The children with pneumonia were screened according to the diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). Case information of the children was reviewed to obtain relevant socio-demographic, nutritional status and potential risk factors. The independent risk factors for severe pneumonia were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression respectively.@*RESULTS@#Among the 246 patients with pneumonia, 125 were male and 121 were female. The average age was (21.0±2.9) months, 184 children with severe pneumonia. The results of population epidemiological characteristics showed that there were no significant differences in gender, age and place of residence between the severe pneumonia group and the pneumonia group. Prematurity, low birth weight, congenital malformation, anemia, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, nutritional support, treatment delay, malnutrition, invasive treatment, history of respiratory infection were all related factors affecting the occurrence of severe pneumonia (severe pneumonia group vs. pneumonia group: the proportion of premature infants was 9.52% vs. 1.23%, low birth weight was 19.05% vs. 6.79%, congenital malformation was 22.62% vs. 9.26%, anemia was 27.38% vs. 16.05%, length of ICU stay < 48 hours was 63.10% vs. 38.89%, enteral nutritional support was 34.52% vs. 20.99%, treatment delay was 42.86% vs. 29.63%, malnutrition was 27.38% vs. 8.64%, invasive treatment was 9.52% vs. 1.85%, respiratory tract infection history was 67.86% vs. 40.74%, all P > 0.05). However, breastfeeding, type of infection, nebulization, use of hormones, use of antibiotics, etc. were not risk factors affecting severe pneumonia. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that history of premature birth, low birth weight, congenital malformation, treatment delay, malnutrition, invasive treatment, and history of respiratory infection were independent risk factors for severe pneumonia [history of premature birth: odds ratio (OR) = 2.346, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.452-3.785; low birth weight: OR = 15.784, 95%CI was 5.201-47.946; congenital malformation: OR = 7.135, 95%CI was 1.519-33.681; treatment delay: OR = 11.541, 95%CI was 2.734-48.742; malnutrition: OR = 14.453, 95%CI was 4.264-49.018; invasive treatment: OR = 6.373, 95%CI was 1.542-26.343; history of respiratory infection: OR = 5.512, 95%CI was 1.891-16.101, all P < 0.05].@*CONCLUSIONS@#Premature birth history, low birth weight, congenital malformation, delayed treatment, malnutrition, invasive treatment, and history of respiratory infection are independent risk factors for severe pneumonia in children under 5 years old.
Subject(s)
Infant , Pregnancy , Humans , Child , Female , Male , Child, Preschool , Case-Control Studies , Premature Birth , Pneumonia , Respiratory Tract Infections , Emergency Service, Hospital , MalnutritionABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of central venous catheter (CVC) infusion combined with empathy nursing on AIDS patients.Methods:A total of 129 AIDS patients who were hospitalized for infusion at Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the control group. Another 129 AIDS patients from August 2016 to August 2018 were selected as the observation group. The control group was given ordinary infusion needle infusion and conventional psychological nursing, and the observation group was given CVC infusion combined with empathic nursing. The clinical nursing effect of the two groups of patients was analyzed.Results:The infusion fluency rate, vascular damage rate, nurse puncture rate, and occupational exposure rate in the observation group were 91.47% (118/129), 10.85% (14/129), 0, 0, and the control group was 82.94% (107/129), 20.93% (27/129), 6.20% (8/129), 6.20% (8/129), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ 2 values were 4.188-8.224, P <0.05 or 0.01). After 3 months of intervention, the anxiety and depression (Self-rating Anxiely Scale/Self-rating Depression Scale) scores of the observation group were 47.87 ± 5.43 and 45.02 ± 5.61, which were significantly lower than the control group, which were 51.15 ±6.97 and 49.11 ± 6.48. The difference was statistically significant ( t values were 3.320, 4.268, P <0.01). After 3 months of intervention, the treatment compliance rate in the observation group was 92.24% (119/129), which was significantly higher than 83.72% (108/129) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 4.419, P <0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the CD 4+ T lymph count and HIV viral load in the observation group were (378.25 ± 49.04)/μl, (2.86 ± 0.53) igIU/ml, and the control group were (342.17 ± 43.47)/μl, (3.13 ± 0.66) igIU/ml, the improvement effect of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group ( t values were 3.559, 2.853, P <0.01). Conclusion:CVC infusion combined with empathic nursing can significantly improve the anxiety and depression of AIDS patients, improve treatment compliance and infusion fluency, reduce vascular damage rate, related infection rate, nurse puncture rate and occupational exposure rate, and good nursing effect.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To understand the situation related to health seeking and diagnosis of imported malaria and to provide practical measures for malaria elimination in Jiangsu province. Methods: Data on imported malaria cases in Jiangsu province was retrieved in CISDCP from 2014 to 2016. Relevant information on health seeking behavior, diagnosis and treatment of the disease was gathered. Results: A total of 1 068 imported cases were reported in Jiangsu province from 2014 to 2016. Except for one malaria case that was caused by blood transfusion, the rest patients were all recognized as 'imported'. Majority of the cases were migrant laborers working in African countries. The accurate rates on the diagnosis of ovale, vivax and quartan malaria and mixed infection were relatively low, as 79.3% (107/135), 29.5% (18/61), 52.9% (18/34) and 0.0% (0/2) at the primary health care settings, respectively. Rate of seeking health care on the same day of onset was more in 2015 than in 2014 and 2016 (χ(2)=18.6, P=0.001). While only 65.4% (699/1 068) of the patients were diagnosed correctly at the primary health care settings. There appeared no statistical difference in the 3-year-study period (χ(2)=5.4, P=0.246). Capacity on 'correct diagnosis' seemed stronger at the CDC than at the hospital levels (χ(2)=13.2, P=0.000; χ(2)=5.4, P=0.020). Totally, 72.7% (32/44) of the severe falciparum malaria cases did not immediately seek for health care when the symptoms started. Conclusions: Migrant workers returning from the high endemic malaria areas seemed to have poor awareness in seeking health care services. Capability on correct diagnosis for malaria at the primary health care settings remained unsatisfactory and staff from these settings needs to receive adequate training.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China/epidemiology , Human Migration , Malaria/transmission , Plasmodium/isolation & purification , Prevalence , Seasons , Transients and Migrants , TravelABSTRACT
Objective To understand the situation related to health seeking and diagnosis of imported malaria and to provide practical measures for malaria elimination in Jiangsu province.Methods Data on imported malaria cases in Jiangsu province was retrieved in CISDCP from 2014 to 2016.Relevant information on health seeking behavior,diagnosis and treatment of the disease was gathered.Results A total of 1 068 imported cases were reported in Jiangsu province from 2014 to 2016.Except for one malaria case that was caused by blood transfusion,the rest patients were all recognized as'imported'.Majority of the cases were migrant laborers working in African countries.The accurate rates on the diagnosis of ovale,vivax and quartan malaria and mixed infection were relatively low,as 79.3% (107/135),29.5% (18/61),52.9% (18/34) and 0.0% (0/2) at the primary health care settings,respectively.Rate of seeking health care on the same day of onset was more in 2015 than in 2014 and 2016 (X2=18.6,P=0.001).While only 65.4% (699/1 068) of the patients were diagnosed correctly at the primary health care settings.There appeared no statistical difference in the 3-year-study period (x2=5.4,P=0.246).Capacity on'correct diagnosis' seemed stronger at the CDC than at the hospital levels (x2=13.2,P=0.000;x2=5.4,P=0.020).Totally,72.7% (32/44) of the severe falciparum malaria cases did not immediately seek for health care when the symptoms started.Conclusions Migrant workers returning from the high endemic malaria areas seemed to have poor awareness in seeking health care services.Capability on correct diagnosis for malaria at the primary health care settings remained unsatisfactory and staff from these settings needs to receive adequate training.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the effect of B group vitamins on cerebrovascular diseases, and also to evaluate the relationship between B group vitamins and homocysteine(Hcy). Methods:Using the words homocysteine,folic acid,folate,cerebrovascular dis-ease,B group vitamins and randomized controlled trial as the keywords,PubMed,the Cochrane library,WanFang Database,VIP and CNKI were searched. The randomized controlled trials about preventive effect of folic acid,vitamin B12or vitamin B6on cerebrovascular disease occurring published between 1998 and July 2016 were searched by manually retrieving relevant journals. Two reviewers inde-pendently screened the trials,extracted the data and evaluated the quality of included trials. The Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.3 software was used for the statistical analysis. Results:Twelve trials involving 36 053 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that B group vitamins could lower the risk of stroke(RR=0.90,95% CI:0.82-0.99,P=0.02). The sensitivity a-nalysis conducted after the exclusion of low-quality trials did not change the overall results, and B group vitamins could lower plasma Hcy concentration (MD= -3.40,95% CI:-4.21--2.59, P<0.000 01). Conclusion: B group vitamins can lower plasma Hcy concentration,and lower the risk of stroke. B group vitamins supplementation should be recommended for the secondary prevention of stroke. The results of this study still need more reasonable design combined with strict implementation of larger samples of randomized double-blind controlled trials.
ABSTRACT
This paper aims to observe the effect of Shenqi Fuzheng Injection combined with cefoxitin sodium after cesarean section. Clinical data of 126 puerperae were retrospectively analyzed. They randomized into control group and treatment group, and there were 63 cases in each group. Patients in control group were given Cefoxitin Sodium treatment. And patients in treatment group were given Shenqi Fuzheng Injection on the basis of control group. After 7 days of treatment, the clinical curative effect of the two groups was observed and compared. The body temperature of the patients in treatment group was significantly decreased when compared with control group on the 2nd and 3rd day after operation [P<0.05]; the first exhaust time and defecation time of patients in treatment group were significantly shortened when compared with control group [P<0.05]; the postoperative hemoglobin and red blood cell count in both groups were all significantly increased when compared with before treatment [P<0.05], and the treatment group were evidently higher than control group [P<0.05]; the postoperative neutrophilic granulocyte percentage, white blood cell count and lymphocytes percentage in both groups were all significantly lowered when compared with before treatment [P<0.05], and the neutrophilic granulocyte percentage, white blood cell count and lymphocytes percentage in treatment group were significantly lowered when compared with control group [P<0.05]. Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with cefoxitin sodium after cesarean section can effectively reduce the postoperative maternal body temperature and promote the recovery of maternal gastrointestinal function, which is conducive to the repair of uterus, further correct anemia after cesarean section and prevent postpartum infection. Its clinical curative effect is ideal, with certain clinical application value
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the population,density,seasonal fluctuation and nocturnal pattern of malaria vectors in Jiangsu Province,thus to provide evidences for malaria elimination in this province. Methods Seven counties(cities,dis?tricts)were selected as the monitoring sites for malaria vectors in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2015. The mosquitoes were cap?tured by human bait trapping in bed nets and mosquito?lured lamp overnight,and the seasonal fluctuation and nocturnal pattern of malaria vectors were observed. Results A total of 11 041 Anopheles sinensis mosquitoes were captured by the mosquito?lured lamps in 7 counties of Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2015,and no An. anthropophagous was found. Among all the 7 monitoring sites,the number of An. sinensis captured in Sihong County was the most(6 742 mosquitoes),while that in Xuyu County was the least(34 mosquitoes). During this period,the density peaks of An. sinensis were the first half of July,the first half of August and the second half of July. A total of 2 421 An. sinensis were collected in 7 monitoring sites from 2013 to 2015 by human bait trapping in bed nets overnight. Among all the 7 monitoring sites,the captured number of An. sinensis in Sihong County was the most(1 085 mosquitoes),while that in Ganyu County was the least(13 mosquitoes). The nocturnal peak of An. sinensis was from 19:00 to 20:00 and 525 An. sinensis mosquitoes were captured during this period of time,which accounted for 21.68%of the total. Hereafter,the captured number of An. sinensis reduced over time. Conclusion The density of An. sinensis mosquitoes is still high in individual areas in Jiangsu Province,so the epidemic and vector monitoring still should be strengthened to prevent the local transmission of imported malaria.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the integrated ability of parasitic disease prevention and control of professional person-nel of Jiangsu Province through the contest. Methods Totally 56 players from the whole province were selected,and all the players participated in the contest. The theory knowledge and skill scores were collected and the statistical analyses were con-ducted. Results The average theoretical score of the participants was 88.86±15.56 and the passing rate was 91.1%. The aver-age skill operating score was 69.16 ± 16.01 and the passing rate was 67.9%. The average Plasmodium microscopy score was 16.54±8.09 and the passing rate was 50%. The average helminth egg microscopy score was 34.27±10.66 and the passing rate was 67.9%. There were statistical differences among the age groups and different levels of schistosomiasis endemic situation (F =5.10,6.39,both P<0.01). The theoretical knowledge including schistosomiasis,malaria,hydatid disease and others and the score rates were 91.07%,90.94%,85.83%and 90.93%,respectively. The hydatid disease score rate was lower(χ2=19.17, P<0.01). The radar chart displayed that the score rates of tabletting and microscopy test in Kato-Katz film production ,malaria blood film production and microscopy test were all low. Conclusion In Jiangsu Province,the participants have higher score in the theory test. However,they have lower skill test score,especially in the parasite species identification. The operational skills still need to be strengthened for center for disease control(CDC)participants.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation and characteristics in Jiangsu Province in 2015,so as to provide the evidence for malaria elimination. Methods The data of malaria cases in Jiangsu Province in 2015 were collected from China's routine diseases surveillance information system. Results Totally 405 imported cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2015,and the cases increased by 14.08%compared with those in 2014. All the malaria cases were imported,and 5 cases(1.23%)were from Southeast Asia and 400(98.77%)were from 25 African countries or regions. The imported malaria cases were reported in 13 cities across Jiangsu Province,where Taizhou,Lianyungang,Nantong,Huaian and Yangzhou cities accounted for 68.64%of all the cases in the province. Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases(JIPD)reference lab checked all the cases and classified 299 falciparum malaria cases,13 vivax malaria cases,18 quartan malaria cases,71 ovale malaria cas-es,and 4 mixed Plasmodium infection cases. Conclusions In Jiangsu Province,there are no local malaria cases for 4 consecu-tive years,but the imported cases are on the rise. Compared to 2014,the imported vivax cases increased significantly in 2015. It should be the key points to strengthen the surveillance of imported malaria cases,improve malaria diagnosis and treatment abili-ties for all levels of medical institutions,and promote the abilities of Plasmodium check,and focus survey and disposal of all Center for Disease Control(CDC)staffs across Jiangsu Province.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the channels of going abroad of imported malaria patients in Jiangsu Province,so as to provide the evidence for the control of imported malaria and health intervention for high?risk population. Methods The data of imported malaria cases in Jiangsu Province in 2015 were collected and the channels of going abroad were analyzed. The Quan?tum GIS 1.7.4 software was applied to map. Results Totally 405 imported cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2015, and the cases increased by 14.1%compared with those in 2014. All the patients were migrant workers. The migrant workers were mostly sent abroad by construction companies[43.21%(175/405)]. The dispatching companies were mainly concentrated in Taizhou,Lianyungang,Zhenjiang and Yangzhou cities,accounting for 6.17%(25/405),3.21%(13/405),2.72%(11/405) and 2.22%(9/405),respectively. Totally 176(43.46%)patients returned to China having accompanied workers,and 1.21%(9/745)of accompanied workers were found having symptoms of malaria later. Conclusions It is difficult to monitor malaria in overseas migrant works in Jiangsu Province. The channels of going abroad of migrant workers are various and complicated ,for?mulating the main difficulty and challenge of imported malaria control.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the postoperative cognitive function in the elderly patients with fragile brain.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients with fragile brain,aged 65-85 yr,weighing 50-80 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination score≥ 20,scheduled for elective gastroenteric surgical procedures,were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups (n =60 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In group D,dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused in a loading dose of 0.4 μg/kg over 10 min before anesthesia induction,followed by an infusion of 0.4 μg · kg-1 · h 1until 30 min before the end of surgery.While the equal volume of 0.9% nomal saline was given instead of dexmedetomidine in group C.Postoperative delirium was assessed within 3 days after operation using Confusion Assessment Method.Postoperative cognitive dysfunction was assessed at 7 days after operation using Mini-Mental State Examination.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of postoperative delirium was significantly decreased within 3 days after operation (P< 0.05),and no significant change was found in postoperative cognitive dysfunction at 7 days after operation in group D (P>0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can decrease the occurrence of postoperative delirium in the elderly patients with fragile brain.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of L-carnitine injection on oxidative stress and clinical efficacy in patients with acute anterior ST segment elevated myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) and received primary percutaneous coronary intervention .Methods 70 patients with acute anterior wall STEMI undergoing primary PCI in our hospital were randomly divided into the L-carnitine treatment group and the control group.Patients in both groups received same standardized treatment including aspirin , clopidogrel, statins, ACEI/ARB etc.after PCI.Serum levels of superoxied dismutase ( SOD ) and malondialdehyde ( MDA) were measured at arrival and 7 days after PCI.Laboratory results and echocardiography finding were compared.Results (1) The serum SOD levels in both groups were elevated on day 7 after treatment (P<0.05).The serum SOD level on day 7 in the L-carnitine treatment group was higher than the control group (P<0.05).(2) The serum MDA levels in both groups were lower 7 days after treatment (P<0.05).The serum MDA level in the treatment group was lower than the control group (P<0.05).(3) Echocardiography exam on day 7 showed left ventricular end diastolic diameter ( LVEDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were more significantly improved compared with the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions For AMI patients receiving primary PCI , L-carnitine injection can increase serum SOD concentration and reduce the production of MDA , showing inhibiting effects on oxidative stress and has protective effect on myocardia .
ABSTRACT
Diphylleia sinensis is the dried rhizome of Diphylleia sinensis H.L.Li., which belongs to the subfamily of podophyl-lum ( berberidaceae ) , which is always recorded in monograph on materia medica in all ages as one of traditional Chinese medicine“Guijiu” herbal resources .Based on the previous researches in our laboratory and the literatures , the research progress in pharmacog-nosy, chemical constituent, endogeny fungus, quality control, pharmacology and the other aspects of Diphylleia sinensis were systemati-cally reviewed for the comprehensive utilization of its resources , and the development prospects of Diphylleia sinensis was also discussed in the paper , which can provide complete references and ideas for the rational utilization and development of Diphylleia sinensis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of multimodal warming regimen on the development of intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing precise hepatectomy.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes,aged 28-64 yr,weighing 44-89 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ (Child-Pugh A),undergoing precise hepatectomy,were equally and randomly assigned into control group (group C) and muhi-model warming group (group M) using a random number table.A bed sheet was covered on the body exposed,and the abdominal cavity was washed using the room-temperature peritoneal layage fluid in group C.In group M,after admission to the operating room,the room temperature was raised to 25-26 ℃,the mattress was prewarmed using the medical heating blanket,the temperature was maintained at 40 ℃ during operation,the lower body was simultaneously covered using the forced-air warming system,and the temperature was maintained at 37-39 ℃;the solution used for infusion was warmed to 37 ℃ before anesthesia;the incisional area was washed with 0.9% sodium chloride injection which was prewarmed to 37 ℃ during operation.The development of hypothermia,hypotension and respiratory depression was recorded during operation.Before induction of anesthesia,at 1 h after anesthesia,at the end of operation,and at 5 min before discharge from postanesthesia care unit (PACU),blood gas analysis was performed,and the pH value,base excess and lactate level were recorded.The intraoperative blood loss,emergence time,duration of PACU stay,and occurrence of shivering,agitation,nausea and vomiting were also recorded.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia,and shivering,agitation,nausea and vomiting in PACU were significantly decreased,the emergence time and duration of PACU stay were significantly shortened,the pH value was significantly increased at 5 min before discharge from PACU,and the base excess and lactate level were significantly decreased at the end of operation and 5 min before discharge from PACU in group M (P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Multimodal warming regimen can raise the quality of recovery from anesthesia and decrease the development of intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing precise hepatectomy.
ABSTRACT
In order to explore tick proteins as potential targets for further developing vaccine against ticks, the total proteins of unfed female Dermacentor silvarum were screened with anti-D. silvarum serum produced from rabbits. The results of western blot showed that 3 antigenic proteins of about 100, 68, and 52 kDa were detected by polyclonal antibodies, which means that they probably have immunogenicity. Then, unfed female tick proteins were separated by 12% SDS-PAGE, and target proteins (100, 68, and 52 kDa) were cut and analyzed by LC-MS/MS, respectively. The comparative results of peptide sequences showed that they might be vitellogenin (Vg), heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), respectively. These data will lay the foundation for the further validation of antigenic proteins to prevent infestation and diseases transmitted by D. silvarum.