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Objective: To explore disease characteristics of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare the differences between PSC with and without IBD. Methods: Study design was cross sectional. Forty-two patients with PSC who were admitted from January 2000 to January 2021 were included. We analyzed their demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, concomitant diseases, auxiliary examination, and treatment. Results: The 42 patients were 11-74(43±18) years of age at diagnosis. The concordance rate of PSC with IBD was 33.3%, and the age at PSC with IBD diagnosis was 12-63(42±17) years. PSC patients with IBD had higher incidences of diarrhea and lower incidences of jaundice and fatigue than in those without IBD (all P<0.05). Alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, total bile acid and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels were higher in PSC patients without IBD than in those with IBD (all P<0.05). The positive rates for antinuclear antibodies and fecal occult blood were higher in PSC patients with IBD than in those without IBD (all P<0.05). Patients with PSC complicated with ulcerative colitis mainly experienced extensive colonic involvement. The proportion of 5-aminosalicylic acid and glucocorticoid application in PSC patients with IBD was significantly increased compared with that of PSC patients without IBD (P=0.025). Conclusions: The concordance rate of PSC with IBD is lower at Peking Union Medical College Hospital than in Western countries. Colonoscopy screening may benefit PSC patients with diarrhea or fecal occult blood-positive for early detection and diagnosis of IBD.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Cholangitis, Sclerosing/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis , Colitis, Ulcerative/complications , DiarrheaABSTRACT
Recent studies have found that immune factors exist in the pathogenesis of various sleep disorders, and sleep disorders can occur before onset of neurological autoimmune syndrome or accompany in the disease progression and recovery. Video-polysomnography can provide digital and objective information on various sleep disorders, which is helpful for in-depth clinical research on neurological autoimmune related sleep disorders. This article reviews the recent advance in video-polysomnography features of various neurological autoimmune related sleep disorders, aiming to provide reference and guidance for clinical diagnosis and evaluation.
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AIM: To summarize the clinical features of the 24h intraocular pressure data and the water drinking test(WDT)results in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)and ocular hypertension(OHT), and analyze the correlation.METHODS: To collect the data of 87 cases(174 eyes)with POAG and OHT, who had completed 24h intraocular pressure(IOP)(measured every 2h)and WDT(drink 1 000mL water off within 5min and then measure every 15min within 1h)in the ophthalmology department of Shenzhen University General Hospital from December 2019 to March 2022. They were divided into three groups, with 33 cases(66 eyes)in high tension glaucoma(HTG)group, 28 cases(56 eyes)in normal tension glaucoma(NTG)group and 26 cases(52 eyes)in OHT group. The clinical features of 24h IOP and WDT among the patients in three groups were summarized, and Spearman correlation was used to analyze the peak and fluctuation values of IOP.RESULTS: Clinical features among the patients in three groups:(1)the proportion of peak IOP of HTG, NTG and OHT group:(2:00-6:00 a.m.): 40.9%, 23.2% and 26.9%;(8:00-12:00 a.m.): 34.8%, 46.4% and 55.8%;(14:00-18:00 p.m.): 18.2%, 21.4% and 11.5%;(20:00-24:00 p.m.): 6.1%, 8.9% and 5.8%. Valley proportion among groups: early morning: 21.2%, 25.0% and 30.8%; morning: 22.7%, 10.7% and 13.5%; afternoon: 19.7%, 17.9% and 17.3%; evening: 36.4%, 46.4% and 38.5%. The proportion of 24h IOP fluctuation &#x003C;6mmHg: 9.1%, 62.5% and 17.3%; 6-&#x003C;8mmHg: 24.2%, 32.1% and 40.4%; ≥8mmHg: 66.7%, 5.4% and 42.3%.(2)WDT: The proportion of the three groups that could reach peak IOP within 30min was 81.8%, 76.8% and 80.8%, respectively. The proportion of IOP fluctuations in the three groups &#x003C;6mmHg: 10.6%, 78.6% and 38.5%; 6-&#x003C;8mmHg: 22.7%, 16.1% and 28.8%; ≥8mmHg: 66.7%, 5.4% and 32.7%.(3)the proportions of WDT peak higher than 24h peak IOP in the three groups were 80.3%, 80.4% and 80.8%. Correlation: the peak values of 24h IOP were positively correlated with the peak values of WDT(all P&#x003C;0.01), the fluctuation of 24h IOP was positively correlated with the fluctuation of WDT in HTG and OHT group(P&#x003C;0.01, P&#x003C;0.05), while it showed no significant correlation in NTG group(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: Diurnal measurements of IOP during office hours(08:00 a.m.-18:00 p.m.)may fail to capture the peak values and underestimate IOP fluctuations. The 24h IOP fluctuation ≥HTG group of 8mmHg&#x003E;OHT group&#x003E;NTG group. The peak WDT in over 75% patients could be achieved within 30min, and it was higher than 24h peak IOP of over 80% patients. There was a positive correlation between the 24h IOP fluctuations and the WDT fluctuations in HTG and OHT patients. Therefore, WDT has clinical significance in assessing fluctuations in patients' IOP.
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As a member of the apolipoprotein C (ApoC) family with a relatively high content, ApoC3 plays a major role in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the accumulation of a large amount of fat in the liver in the absence of a history of chronic alcohol consumption or other damage to the liver. A large number of previous studies have shown that there is a correlation between the gene polymorphism and high expression of ApoC3 and NAFLD. In the context of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), this article reviews the relationship between ApoC3 and NAFLD, glucose and lipid metabolism, and islet β cell function, showing that ApoC3 can not only inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activity, delay the decomposition of triglyceride in plasma to maintain the body's energy metabolism during fasting, but also be significantly increased under insulin resistance, prompting the liver to secrete a large amount of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) to induce HTG. Therefore, targeting and inhibiting ApoC3 might become a new approach to treat HTG. Increasing evidence suggests that ApoC3 does not appear to be an independent "contributor" to NAFLD. Similarly, our previous studies have shown that ApoC3 is not an independent factor triggering islet β cell dysfunction in ApoC3 transgenic mice, but in a state of excess nutrition, HTG triggered by ApoC3 high expression may exacerbate the effects of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance on islet β cell function, and the underlying mechanism remains to be further discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Apolipoprotein C-III/genetics , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology , Glucose/metabolism , Lipid Metabolism , Hypertriglyceridemia/metabolism , Islets of Langerhans/metabolismABSTRACT
PURPOSE@#High explosives are used to produce blast waves to study their biological effects. The lungs are considered as the critical target organ in blast-effect studies. The degree of lung hemorrhaging is related to both the explosive power and the increased lung weight. We studied the characteristics of the biological effects from an air explosion of a thermobaric bomb in a high-altitude environment and the lethality and lung injury severity of goats in different orientations and distances.@*METHODS@#Goats were placed at 2.5, 3, 4, and 5 m from the explosion center and exposed them to an air blast at an altitude of 4700-meter. A group of them standing oriented to the right side and the other group seated facing the explosion center vertically. The lung injuries were quantified according to the percentage of surface area contused, and using the pathologic severity scale of lung blast injury (PSSLBI) to score the 4 injury categories (slight, moderate, serious and severe) as 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The lung coefficient (lung weight [g]/body weight [kg]) was the indicator of pulmonary edema and was related to lung injury severity. Blast overpressure data were collected using blast test devices placed at matching locations to represent loadings to goats. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 26.0, statistical software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).@*RESULTS@#In total, 127 goats were involved in this study. Right-side-standing goats had a significantly higher mortality rate than those seated vertical-facing (p < 0.05). At the 2.5 m distance, the goat mortality was nearly 100%, whereas at 5 m, all the goats survived. Lung injuries of the right-side-standing goats were 1 - 2 grades more serious than those of seated goats at the same distances, the scores of PSSLBI were significantly higher than the seated vertical-facing goats (p < 0.05). The lung coefficient of the right-side-standing goats were significantly higher than those of seated vertical-facing (p < 0.05). Mortality, PSSLBI, and the lung coefficient results indicated that the right-side-standing goats experienced severer injuries than the seated vertical-facing goats, and the injuries were lessened as the distance increased. The blast overpressure was consistent with these results.@*CONCLUSION@#The main killing factors of the thermobaric bomb in the high-altitude environment were blast overpressure, blast wind propulsions and burn. The orientation and distances of the goats significantly affected the blast injury severity. These results may provide a research basis for diagnosing, treating and protecting against injuries from thermobaric explosions.
Subject(s)
Animals , Lung Injury/etiology , Blast Injuries , Goats , Explosions , Lung/pathologyABSTRACT
As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapyABSTRACT
Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals , Life Style , SleepABSTRACT
As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapyABSTRACT
Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals , Life Style , SleepABSTRACT
Objective:To construct the transitional care program of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.Methods:Based on literature review, interviews and surveys of needs, a two-round expert consultation was conducted to determine the content of the transitional care program of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.Results:A total of 9 experts from geriatrics, geriatric care, nursing management, clinical nursing and ambulatory surgery participated in the consultation. The response rates of two-round consultation were 100%, and the expert′s authority coefficient was 0.89. The formed transitional care program of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery included 6 parts, 29 aspects and 101 detailed rules.Conclusions:The transitional care program of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery is scientific and clinically practical. It reflects the actual needs of patients, and could provide a reference for the transitional care practice of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.
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Objective:To explore the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) model based on deep learning in breast nodules classification of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System of ultrasound (BI-RADS-US).Methods:The ultrasound images of 2 426 breast nodules from 1 558 female patients with breast diseases at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University between December 2006 and December 2019 were collected . The image data sets were divided into training (63%), verification (7%), and test (30%) subsets for the construction of AI model. The diagnostic efficiencies of AI model, doctors' arbitration results and doctors' diagnosis with or without AI model assistance were analyzed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The Cohen weighted Kappa statistic was used to compare the consistency of BI-RADS-US classification among 5 ultrasound doctors' diagnosis with or without AI model assistance. And the changes of BI-RADS-US classification were analyzed before and after each doctor adopted AI model assistance.Results:The differences in diagnostic efficiencies of AI model, doctors' arbitration results and doctors' diagnosis with or without AI model assistance were statistically significant (all P > 0.05). The consistency among 5 ultrasound doctors was improved due to AI model assistance and Kappa value was increased from 0.433 (category 3), 0.600 (category 4a), 0.614 (category 4b), 0.570 (category 4c) and 0.495 (category 5) to 0.812, 0.704, 0.823, 0.690 and 0.509 (all P < 0.05), respectively. The upgrade and downgrade of BI-RADS-US classification occurred in 5 doctors after the classification of AI model assistance. Downgrade from category 4 to 3 in benign nodules of 56.6% (47/76) and upgrade from category 4 to 5 in malignant nodules of 69.4% (34/49) were mostly observed. Conclusions:AI-assisted BI-RADS-US classification can effectively improve the consistency of classification among the doctors without reducing the diagnostic efficiency. AI model shows clinical values in reducing unnecessary biopsy of partial benign lesions and increasing diagnostic accuracy of partial malignant lesions through the adjustment of breast nodule classification.
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Objective:To development a management program of hand function rehabilitation for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods:Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the primary version of management program of hand function rehabilitation for patients with rheumatoid arthritis was developed after evidence-based research and group discussion. The primary version was consulted to 15 experts twice with Delphi method, and revised as the final program. Results:The enthusiasm of experts was 100% in both rounds, the authority coefficient of experts was 0.90, and the Kendall's W coefficient was 0.204 in the first round and 0.202 in the second round. The final program included an item of evaluation and 19 items of intervention in four dimensions: body function, body structure, activity and participation, and environmental factors. Conclusion:A management program of hand function rehabilitation for patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been prepared for further clinical evaluation.
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Objective:To understand the views of respiratory nurses on the status quo of nursing quality evaluation in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to preliminarily screen the key indexes, so as to provide reference for scientifically constructing the evaluation index system of nursing quality during AECOPD.Methods:Eighteen clinical nurses and nursing managers with rich experience and working in respiratory department from three general tertiary hospitals in Shanghai were selected by means of purpose sampling to conduct focus group interviews, and analyze the collected materials by means of Colaizzi content analysis.Results:Three themes were extracted, namely, lack of specificity and sensitivity of disease care in current nursing quality index, opinions and suggestions on the setting of AECOPD nursing quality index and the setting of key index of AECOPD nursing quality. Besides, twenty-five key indexes were obtained, inclusive of four structural indexes, sixteen process indexes and five result indexes.Conclusions:It is necessary and important to establish AECOPD nursing quality evaluation index system in a scientific manner and it is advised that the qualities of structure, process and result should all be taken into consideration in the course of establishment. The twenty-five key indexes picked out at this stage can serve as reference for further establishment of a scientific AECOPD nursing quality evaluation index system.
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Objective:To explore whether microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) has the effect of anti-apoptosis of human alveolar typeⅡ epithelial cells (ATⅡ).Methods:ATⅡ cells derived from the human were cultured in vitro and used for experiments when the cells were grown until the presence of lamellar bodies and microvilli were observed by light microscope. The cells were divided into blank control group (direct culture), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) injury group (cultured with 0.5 mmol/L H 2O 2), and miR-21-5p overexpression group (using miR-21-5p with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100 lentiviral overexpression vector with 0.5 mmol/L H 2O 2) and miR-21-5p empty virus control group (miR-21-5p lentiviral blank vector was co-cultured with 0.5 mmol/L H 2O 2). In each group, cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of cell culture; cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry at 24 hours of culture. Results:① Cell proliferation activity test results: with the extension of cell culture time, the cell proliferation activity of the blank control group gradually increased, while the cell proliferation activity gradually decreased after the addition of 0.5 mmol/L H 2O 2. However, the cells proliferation activity in the miR-21-5p overexpression group decreased more slowly than that in the H 2O 2 injury group and the miR-21-5p empty virus control group, and the cell proliferation activity at 48 hours was significantly higher than the H 2O 2 injury group and the miR-21-5pempty virus control group ( A value: 0.295±0.005 vs. 0.184±0.005, 0.169±0.002, both P < 0.05). It showed that both H 2O 2 and lentivirus accelerated cell damage, while miR-21-5p could reduce cell apoptosis. ② Apoptosis rate test results: compared with the blank control group, the apoptosis rate increased significantly after adding 0.5 mmol/L H 2O 2; while the apoptosis rate of the miR-21-5p overexpression group was lower than that of the H 2O 2 injury group and miR-21-5p empty virus control group [early apoptosis rate: (14.31±0.12)% vs. (24.50±0.12)%, (23.41±0.13)%; late apoptosis rate: (8.12±0.13)% vs. (9.71±0.11)%, (10.41±0.15)%; overall apoptosis rate: (22.33±0.12)% vs. (34.21±0.10)%, (33.82±0.14)%; all P < 0.05], which further proved that miR-21-5p had anti-apoptotic effects. Conclusion:miR-21-5p has an anti-apoptotic effect on human ATⅡ.
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Objective:To explore the correlation and characteristics of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test-III (RBMT-III) in evaluating memory ability of patients with brain injuries. Methods:From March, 2016 to February, 2018, 62 patients with brain injuries were evaluated with the Chinese version of MMSE, MoCA and RBMT-III. The correlation among them was analyzed. Results:There was positive correlation among the total scores of MMSE, MoCA and RBMT-III (r = 0.682 to 0.786, P < 0.001), as well as the retrospective memory (r = 0.525 to 0.610, P < 0.001) and long-term memory (r = 0.553 to 0.692, P < 0.001). There was positive correlation between RBMT-III and MMSE in short-term memory (r = 0.337, P = 0.007). The prospective memory of RBMT-III positively correlated with retrospective memory of MMSE and MoCA (r = 0.639, r = 0.585, P < 0.001), and the short-term memory of RBMT-III with long-term memory of MMSE and MoCA (r = 0.454, r = 0.534, P < 0.001). Conclusion:MMSE, MoCA and RBMT-III are consistent in evaluating retrospective memory and long-term memory for patients with brain injuries. RBMT-III and MMSE are consistent in evaluating short-term memory for patients with brain injuries. The memory scores of MMSE and MoCA are helpful to judge the event-based prospective memory in patients with brain injuries, while the scores of long-term memory are helpful to judge short-term memory.
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OBJECTIVE Attempt to visualize the hypopharyngeal anatomy and related structures in normal adults with ultrasound. METHODS Sonographic features of laryngopharynx were confirmed by comparable tissue sections of 6 corpses at the same level. Then, the laryngopharynx of 30 men and 30 women were examined by ult rasound and thei r sonographic images were evaluated. RESULTS In male or female volunteers, perfect visualization pattern was obtained in all (100％) pyriform sinuses, 60％ or 93.3％ postcricoid areas,66.7％ or 93.3％ posterior pharyngeal walls, 96.7％ or 100％ thyroid cartilages, 63.3％ or 93.3％ arytenoid cartilages, 70％ or 93.3％ vocal cords,and 83.3％ or 96.7％ ventricular bands. CONCLUSION The ultrasonic visualization of laryngopharynx and its related structures are satisfactory in healthy adult women. For adult men, the pyriform sinus and thyroid cartilage can be best identified while the identification of vocal cords and ventricular bands is less satisfactory. However, postcricoid region, pharyngeal posterior wall, and arytenoid cartilage are the most difficult to detect.
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BACKGROUND: Preliminary study has prepared the three-dimensional silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffold successfully.OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanical properties, physical characteristics, chemical composition and antibiotic sustained-release ability of three-dimensional silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffold loaded with levofloxacin. METHODS: Levofloxacin/chitosan (3:1) microspheres were constructed by emulsion settlement filter method. 5, 7.5 and 10 g of microspheres were added into 2％ of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite mixed solution through freeze drying and chemical cross-linking to obtain the scaffolds loaded with antibiotics. The scaffolds loaded with antibiotics underwent scanning electron microscope observation, and chemical composition analysis. The sustained release, mechanical properties, porosity, water absorption expansion rate and hot water soluble loss rate were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscope observed that there were drug microspheres at the inner wall of the scaffold, and the voidage was decreased with mass of microspheres increasing. (2) Energy spectrum analysis showed that the three kinds of scaffolds were rich in calcium and phosphonium ions. (3) The three kinds of scaffolds showed the same releasing trend, which presented with sudden-release effect at the former 3 days (release> 50％) , and then tended to be stable. The release rate was the slowest in the scaffold loaded with 10 g of microscopes, and the rapidest in the scaffold loaded with 5 g of microscopes. (4) With the mass of microspheres increasing, there was an increase in the compressive and tension abilities and hot water soluble loss rate, and a decrease in the porosity, mean pore size and water absorption expansion rate. (5) These results indicate that the three-dimensional tissue-engineered scaffold loaded with levofloxacin is constructed successfully by freeze drying and chemical cross-linking method, which holds good sustained-release effect and compressive ability, water absorption expansion rate and hot water soluble loss rate.
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Objective To study the levels of antibodies against bordetella pertussis among pregnant women and neonates in Beijing. Method From December 2016 to March 2017, pregnant women and their newborns from three women and children′s hospitals in Beijing were enrolled in this study. 3 ml of venous blood from the mothers and 3 ml of umbilical cord blood from neonates were drawn.Pertussis bacillus IgG antibody (PER-IgG) and pertussis toxin IgG antibody (PT-IgG) were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. χ2 test was used to compare the positive rate of pertussis IgG antibodies in maternal and cord blood in the three hospitals. Correlational analyses of the antibodies levels in each hospital were conducted. The demographic characteristics, history of cough during pregnancy and history of DTaP vaccination of the mothers were collected via questionnaires. Result A total of 612 pairs of venous blood and cord blood samples were collected, including 4 mothers delivered twins and 616 cases of cord blood sample were collected. No history of pertussis were found in the 612 mothers. Among the 616 cases of umbilical cord blood, positive rate of PER-IgG was 13.3％ (82/616), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.5％ (3/616). Among 612 cases of venous blood from the mothers, positive rate of PER-IgG was 7.7％ (47/612), positive rate of PT-IgG was 0.3％ (2/612). Positive rates of PER-IgG and PT-IgG in the mothers′ venous blood were not correlated with their residences (P=0.676 and 0.544). Positive rates of PER-IgG (r=0.842, P<0.001) and PT-IgG (r=0.619, P<0.001) in the mothers′ blood were positively correlated with the positive rate in umbilical cord blood. Conclusion This study shows that the positive rate of PER-IgG is very low in the maternal and umbilical cord blood in Beijing. Positive correlations of PER-IgG and PT-IgG between mother and umbilical cord blood were existed. Most mothers and their newborns do not have enough protection against pertussis.
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Objective To explore the application value of the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model in the ultrasound differentiation diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules. Methods A total of 7334 ultrasound images from 1351 patients with breast nodules including 807 benign cases and 544 malignant cases were retrieved by using the CNN-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model from Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University ultrasound images database between December 2006 and July 2017. The study included training subset (6162 images), verification subset (555 images), and test subset (617 images), which were performed in the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model. The outcome results of test subset in diagnosis model were compared with the pathological results. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model were calculated. Results After the test of 617 images, the model diagnostic results could be automatically output with a rectangular frame indicating the nodule position, benign and malignant diagnosis, benign and malignant probability values. The diagnosis time was approximately 4 seconds for each nodule. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the diagnostic model in differentiating benign and malignant breast nodules were 84.1％, 95.0％ and 91.2％ , respectively. Conclusion The CNN-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model has satisfactory results in the differentiation diagnosis of the benign breast nodules and the malignant ones, which indicating the promising application prospect.
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Objective@#To explore the application value of the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model in the ultrasound differentiation diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.@*Methods@#A total of 7 334 ultrasound images from 1 351 patients with breast nodules including 807 benign cases and 544 malignant cases were retrieved by using the CNN-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model from Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University ultrasound images database between December 2006 and July 2017. The study included training subset (6 162 images), verification subset (555 images), and test subset (617 images), which were performed in the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model. The outcome results of test subset in diagnosis model were compared with the pathological results. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model were calculated.@*Results@#After the test of 617 images, the model diagnostic results could be automatically output with a rectangular frame indicating the nodule position, benign and malignant diagnosis, benign and malignant probability values. The diagnosis time was approximately 4 seconds for each nodule. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the diagnostic model in differentiating benign and malignant breast nodules were 84.1%, 95.0% and 91.2% , respectively.@*Conclusion@#The CNN-based artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis model has satisfactory results in the differentiation diagnosis of the benign breast nodules and the malignant ones, which indicating the promising application prospect.