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1.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1036340

ABSTRACT

Background Shoemaking industry workers are prone to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to long-term awkward postures during the work process. There is little research on the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs in the knee region of this industry, and it should be taken seriously. Objective To estimate the prevalence of work-related knee pain among shoemaking workers and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods A total of 6982 shoemaking workers were selected from 26 shoemaking factories in Guangdong, Hubei, Fujian, Chongqing, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Jingxi by convenience sampling. Prevalence of work-related knee pain in past year, demographic characteristics, occupational related factors, and work posture were collected by a cross-sectional survey using the electronic version of Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors that may lead to work-related knee pain. Results This survey collected 6982 valid questionnaires with a recovery rate of 98.3%. The prevalence of work-related knee pain of shoemaking workers in the past 12 months was 13.0% (908/6982). According to the results of logistic regression analysis, compared with workers with less than 5 years of service, workers with 5-10 years of service (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.45) and more than 10 years (1.53, 95%CI: 1.27, 1.83) showed a higher risk of knee WMSDs; sometimes, often and very frequent (reference : rarely or never) long-term standing (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.64; OR=2.67, 95%CI: 2.10, 3.39; OR=2.75, 95%CI: 2.08, 3.63) and sometimes, often and very frequent (reference: rarely or never) long-term squatting or kneeling (OR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.47, 2.21; OR=2.43, 95%CI: 1.58, 3.75; OR=3.22, 95%CI: 1.66, 6.24) increased the risk of knee pain: long-term bending (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.34, 1.89) and often repeated movement of lower limbs and ankles (OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.25, 1.75) were also risk factors for knee WMSDs among shoemaking industry workers (P<0.05). Adequate rest time (OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.49, 0.68) and able to stretch or change leg posture (OR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.88) reduced the risk of knee WMSDs (P<0.05). Conclusion In the shoemaking industry, length of service and awkward postures are risk factors for knee pain. The shoemaking enterprises should ensure that workers have sufficient rest time, reduce long-term standing, squatting, kneeling, and bending postures, as well as lower limbs repetition in order to reduce the occurrence of knee WMSDs of workers.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-998750

ABSTRACT

Background Long-term exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) will affect the health of occupational drivers. However, research on the characteristics of WBV exposure by urban bus drivers and health risk evaluation is still insufficient. Objective To identify the characteristics of occupational WBV exposure of bus drivers serving 31 bus routes provided by three branches of Haikou Public Transport Group, and to evaluate their occupational health risks related to WBV. Methods A total of 31 out of 142 bus routes run by three branches of Haikou Public Transport Group were selected to monitor WBV exposure of 31 bus drivers during driving. WBV parameters such as triaxial frequency weighted acceleration (awx, awy, awz) and triaxial crest factor (CFx, CFy, CFz) of the drivers were determined with a six-channel human vibration meter. Two methods, 8-hour daily value of the weighted root mean square average weighted vibration [A(8)] based on aw and 8-hour daily value of vibration dose [VDV(8)] based on vibration dose value (VDV), were used for health risk assessment and classified WBV health risk results into three levels (high, medium, and low) by the exposure action value (EAV) and exposure limit values (ELV) for A(8) and VDV(8) recommended by ISO 2631-1:1997. The two evaluation methods, A(8) and VDV(8), were compared by Fisher's exact test. Results Regarding the WBV parameters, the vector sum of acceleration (av) was 0.321-0.680 m·s−2, the VDV of monitoring interval was 3.824-10.174 m·s−1.75, and the VDV(8) was 6.039-13.505 m·s−1.75; their values in mean ± standard deviation were (0.480±0.100) m·s−2, (6.987±2.737) m·s−1.75, and (9.773±4.540) m·s−1.75, respectively. Positive correlations were found between awx and awz, av and awz, CFx and CFy, CFy and CFz. No bus route's WBV exposure level was graded as high health risk by either A(8) or VDV(8). The number of routes graded as low health risk by A(8) was 26, while the number by VDV(8) was 12. The consistency rates of health risk levels evaluated by the two methods were 66.7% (6/9), 54.6% (6/11), and 45.5% (5/11) for the three bus group branches, respectively. The difference in WBV health risk assessment results between the two evaluation methods was not statistically significant. Conclusion Positive correlations are found between triaxial acceleration and triaxial crest factor. There is no difference in the results of using A(8) and VDV(8) to evaluate health risks of WBV in urban bus routes.

3.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 601-606, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013294

ABSTRACT

{L-End}Objective To analyze the prevalence of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and their influencing factors among workers in the chemical pharmaceutical industry. {L-End}Methods A total of 563 workers from three chemical pharmaceutical factories in Guangzhou City were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the past 12 months was investigated using the electronic questionnaire of Chinese Version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. {L-End}Results The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the research subjects was 30.0% (169/563). The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that workers who smoked regularly/frequently and those who had their hands above shoulder level for long periods of time had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those who never/occasionally smoked (all P≤0.05). Workers with a high school, secondary specialty, college degree, or above had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those with a middle school education or below (all P<0.05). The longer the daily working hours, the higher the risk of multiple WMSDs (all P<0.05). Workers with regular/frequently work shifts had a lower risk of multi-site WMSDs than those with none/occasional work shifts (P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs among workers in the chemical pharmaceutical industry is relatively high. The influencing factors are individual factors, unreasonable work organization and poor ergonomics factors.

4.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 607-612, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013295

ABSTRACT

{L-End}Objective To analyze the local muscle response under continuous ergonomic workload by simulating manual lifting, and to screen the sensitive metabolic biomarkers during fatigue process. {L-End}Methods A total of 13 healthy male volunteers were selected as the study subjects using simple random sampling method. Study subjects underwent repetitive simulated manual lifting for four periods (T1 to T4), each lasting 12 minutes. The degree of work-related fatigue in the forearm, upper arm, shoulder, back, and leg muscles, and the whole body was accessed using Borg 6-20 Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale. The venous blood samples were collected from elbow between each two periods to detect the levels of eight metabolic biomarkers: ammonia, lactate, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (CTX-Ⅰ), C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅱ collagen (CTX-Ⅱ), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and calcium ions. {L-End}Results The RPE scores of the study subjects for the muscles of five body parts and the whole body increased with the increasing lifting periods (all P<0.01). Fatigue was observed in all target muscles, with overall body fatigue occurring in the T2 period. The levels of ammonia, lactate, creatine kinase, LDH, COMP, and calcium ions in the serum of study subjects were higher in the T1 to T4 periods than in the T0 period (all P<0.05). The serum CTX-Ⅰ level was higher in the T1 and T3 periods than that in the T0 period (all P<0.05) , and the serum CTX-Ⅱ level was higher in the T1, T2 and T4 periods than that in the T0 period (all P<0.05). The level of these eight serum metabolic biomarkers fluctuated during the T1 to T4 periods. The serum creatine kinase level increased with the period of lifting (all P<0.05). The serum lactate level was higher in the T3 period than those in the T1 and T2 periods (all P<0.05). The serum LDH and calcium ion levels were higher in the T2 to T4 periods than that in the T1 period (all P<0.05). The serum COMP level was higher in the T2 and T3 periods than that in the T1 period (all P<0.05). Except for CTX-Ⅰ, the levels of other seven metabolic markers in serum were higher in individuals after fatigue than before fatigue (all P<0.05). {L-End}Conclusion Serum metabolic biomarkers such as ammonia, lactate, creatine kinase, calcium ions, LDH, CTX-Ⅱ, and COMP exhibit significant changes before and after fatigue. These metabolic biomarkers could be used as sensitive biomarkers for evaluating muscle fatigue during repetitive works.

5.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 620-625, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013297

ABSTRACT

{L-End}Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of leg work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in shipbuilding workers. {L-End}Methods A total of 3 393 shipbuilding workers from Guangdong Province, Liaoning Province, Shandong Province, and Beijing City were selected as the research subjects using the convenience sampling method. The Chinese Version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of leg WMSDs in the past year. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of leg WMSDs. {L-End}Results The prevalence of leg WMSDs in the research subjects was 11.3% (382/3 393). The result of multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk of leg WMSDs was higher in workers with a length of service >10 years than those with a length of service <5 years (P<0.05). Workers with frequent used of vibration tools at work had higher the risk of leg WMSDs (all P<0.05). Workers who did the same work every day, had insufficient rest time, had a shortage of department staff, and those who often repeated the same leg movements had a higher risk of leg WMSDs (all P<0.05). The risk of leg WMSDs in workers who sometimes stand for a long time was lower than that in workers who rarely stand for a long time (P<0.01). {L-End}Conclusion Length of service, rarely long-standing work, use of vibration tools at work, daily engagement in the same work, in-adequate rest time, shortage of department staff, and frequent repetition of the same leg movements are all influencing factors for leg WMSDs in shipbuilding workers.

6.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 133-139, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996536

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the current status of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), work fatigue and musculoskeletal pain in Chinese occupational population, and to study the relationship between work fatigue and musculoskeletal pain and WMSDs. Methods: A total of 66 961 employees from 323 enterprises in 15 key industries in China were selected as the study subjects using stratified cluster sampling method. The incidence of WMSDs in the past year was investigated using the Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, and the work fatigue and musculoskeletal pain were investigated using Borg 6-20 Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale and visual analogue scale. The data were standardized using the age composition data of 18 to 60 years from the seventh national population census. Results: The standardized annual incidence of WMSDs was higher in the front-line workers than that in the administrative and other supportive staff (38.82% vs 36.30%). The detection rates of work fatigue and musculoskeletal pain in the study subjects were 44.54% and 63.08%, respectively. The result of S-curve fitting showed that the risk of WMSDs increased with the level of work fatigue (P<0.01). Among the front-line workers, the average of monthly fatigue frequency in the neck, shoulder, lower back, upper back, wrist/hand, foot and ankle, knee, leg, and elbow were higher in the group with WMSDs compared to those without WMSDs (all P<0.01). The pain degree of musculoskeletal pain was higher in all nine sites in the fatigued group than in the no-fatigue group (all P<0.01). The standardized detection rate of musculoskeletal pain was higher in the fatigued group than in the non-fatigued group (80.38% vs 25.71%). The work fatigue was moderate and positively correlated with musculoskeletal pain in all seven sites except the lower back and elbow, with Kendall Tau-b correlation coefficients ranging from 0.423 to 0.546 (all P<0.01). Conclusion: There is a good correlation between work fatigue and local musculoskeletal pain, work fatigue and WMSDs in Chinese occupational population. Implementing ergonomic interventions to control the development of work fatigue can be an effective measure for preventing WMSDs.

7.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 217-222, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996552

ABSTRACT

Objective: The spatial distribution model of particulate matter based on time change in a specific place was established to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and movement of particulate matter. Methods: A convenience store was selected as the research subject. The micro-climate and particle number concentration (PNC) of the site were detected, and numerical simulation was carried out by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method. Based on the discrete phase model, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and movement rules of simulated particles were analyzed. Results: The wind speed at the entrance of the convenience store was low and almost unchanged during the detection, while the wind speeds outside and inside outlets were high and changed sharply. The PNC of particle size of 0.02-1.00 μm was higher than that of particle size >1.00 μm (all P<0.05). The PNC with particle size of 0.02-1.00 μm from high to low were checkout counter, entrance, outer outlet and inner outlet (all P<0.05). The PNC of the checkout counter and entrance varies greatly, while the PNC of the outer outlet and inner outlet was relatively steady. The CFD simulation results showed that particles exhaled by individuals near the entrance of the checkout counter of the convenience store could be expelled outdoors more quickly with the influence of airflow. However, particles exhaled by individuals in the middle of the shelves remained suspended indoors for a longer period of time compared to those near the checkout counter. Particles emitted from the air conditioning outlet diffuse throughout the entire store and reach a steady state in 300 seconds. Conclusion: The particulate matter in the convenience store was mainly small particle with the size less than 1.00 μm. The residence time, downward trend and number of suspended particulates of human exhaled particles were related to air flow. The particulates escaped from the air conditioner could quickly spread to almost the entire convenience store.

8.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964642

ABSTRACT

Background Furniture manufacturing is one of the typical labor-intensive industries, and workers in this industry face a high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), which seriously affect the physical and mental health of workers. Objective To explore the prevalence and potential risk factors of WMSDs among workers in a large-scale furniture manufacturing factory. Methods A cross-sectional study of 3431 workers in a furniture factory in Guangdong Province was conducted from September to December 2019. Information including reported WMSDs in various body parts in the past year, demographic characteristics, work organization factors, job characteristics, and work postures was collected by an electronic version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. Pearson χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors leading to WMSDs. Results The overall prevalence rate of WMSDs was 32.12% (1102/3431). The most common WMSDs symptoms occurred in the neck (16.85%), followed by the feet (15.27%), shoulders (14.81%), and hands (14.25%). The prevalence rates of WMSDs in the neck, shoulders, elbows, hands, legs, and feet were significantly different among different types of work (P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that individual factors, work organization factors, job characteristics, and awkward work postures were associated with the frequency of reporting WMSDs in specific parts of workers. Comparatively poor physical health (including moderate, poor, and very poor) was positively correlated with neck, shoulder, hand, and foot WMSDs (OR=1.479-4.077); working with an uncomfortable posture (OR=1.983) and doing the same task almost every day (OR=1.783) were positively correlated with neck pain; doing the same task almost every day (OR=2.408) and neck twisting for a long time (OR=1.830) were positively correlated with shoulder pain; bending wrists up and down frequently (OR=1.948) and bending wrists for a long time (OR=2.081) were positively correlated with hand pain; prolonged standing (OR=1.953) and often working overtime (OR=1.627) were positively correlated with feet pain; sufficient rest time was negatively correlated with WMSDs in the neck, shoulders, hands, and foot (OR=0.544-0.717). Conclusion The prevalence rate of WMSDs in furniture manufacturing workers is relatively high, and neck, feet, shoulders, and hands are the most involved body parts. The frequency of reporting WMSDs is related to individual factors, work organization factors, job characteristics, and awkward work postures.

9.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964643

ABSTRACT

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are one of the major occupational health problems in the world. Pharmaceutical industry is an important part of China's national economy. At present, there are few related studies reported at home and abroad. Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical industry. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted among all workers from three chemical pharmaceutical enterprises in Guangzhou. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders, types of work, work organization, and and work postures. Multiple logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of WMSDs in chemical pharmaceutical workers. Results In this study, 563 workers were selected as subjects. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in the chemical pharmaceutical workers was 43.9% (247/563), and the leading body part-specific prevalence rate from high to low was 34.3% in the lower back, 24.3% in the upper back, 24.0% in the shoulders, and 23.8% in the neck. The prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts (30.0%) was 2.16 times higher than that in single body part (13.9%), and the prevalence rate of WMSDs symptoms in four body parts was the highest (11.4%). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥50 years (reference age <30 years) (OR=2.140, 95%CI: 1.054-4.345), often or very often (reference never/rarely) long-time head rotating (OR=2.695, 95%CI: 1.753-4.142) and long-time keeping arms above shoulders (OR=1.902, 95%CI: 1.108-3.265) increased the risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms (P<0.05). Regarding education level, workers with high school and technical secondary school (OR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.175-0.636) or college and above (OR=0.413, 95%CI: 0.216-0.790) education had a lower risk of reporting WMSDs symptoms than those with middle school or below (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of reporting WMSDs symptoms in chemical pharmaceutical industry is high, the involving body parts are lower back, upper back, shoulders, and neck, and reporting simultaneous occurrence of WMSDs symptoms in multiple body parts is common. The chemical pharmaceutical manufacturers can reduce the risk of WMSDs by strengthening the training on workers' ergonomics knowledge, paying attention to the less educated personnel, protecting the elderly workers, and avoiding awkward work postures, like rotating head for a long time and raising arms over shoulders.

10.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964648

ABSTRACT

Background Prolonged awkward postures during occupational activities can lead to excessive musculoskeletal load on the wrist of workers and symptoms such as wrist pain or discomfort. Objective To survey the prevalence of wrist pain among workers in 10 key industries and analyze its correlation with wrist working postures. Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method, workers from 10 key industries, such as footwear manufacturing industry, shipbuilding manufacturing industry, and automobile manufacturing industry, were selected from seven regions in North China, East China, Central China, South China, Southwest China, Northwest China, and Northeast China. The demographic information, wrist working postures, pain in wrist of the workers were collected through a cross-sectional survey. Pearson χ2 test was used to compare prevalence by selected factors, trend χ2 test for between group comparison, and unconditional logistic regression models for the association of wrist working postures with wrist pain. Results There were 64052 workers enrolled in this survey, and 56286 provided valid questionnaires (the effective rate was 87.8%). According to the survey, the prevalence of wrist pain was 23.3% (13112/56286), and the industries with higher prevalences were footwear manufacturing (27.1%, 1927/7106), automobile manufacturing (24.9%, 5378/21560), and shipbuilding and related equipment manufacturing (24.4%, 850/3488) industries. Finger pinching (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.95-2.24), frequent wrist bending (OR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.92-2.15), fixed wrist bending (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.69-1.85), wrist on hard edge (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.28-1.40), and arms over shoulders (OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.05-1.17) increased the risk of reporting wrist pain. Conclusion Awkward postures are related to wrist pain among workers in selected 10 key industries. The related factors are wrist on hard edge, frequent wrist bending, finger pinching, fixed wrist bending, and arms over shoulders.

11.
Journal of Preventive Medicine ; (12): 809-815, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-936800

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of occupational musculoskeletal disorders among workers in heavy-duty automobile parts factories in Beijing Municipality, so as to provide insights into development of effective interventions for occupational musculoskeletal disorders.@*Methods@#The workers in three heavy-duty automobile truck parts factories in Beijing Municipality were recruited using the convenient sampling method during the period from May 2019 to October 2020. Subjects' demographic characteristics, type of job and prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders at various sites were collected using self-designed electronic questionnaires, and the factors affecting the development of occupational musculoskeletal disorders were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 264 workers were enrolled, including 260 males (98.48%) and 4 females (1.52%). The participants had a mean age of (31.71±6.13) years, and mean duration of (7.51±5.25) years at current position, and mechanical technician was the major type of work (129 workers, 48.86%). The prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders was 70.08% among the participants, and high prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders was found in the lower back/waist (41.28%), shoulder (40.15%), neck (39.02%) and upper back (33.33%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified females (OR=1.280, 95%CI: 1.021-1.602) and head-down posture at work (OR=2.644, 95%CI: 1.034-6.763) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at neck; females (OR=1.633, 95%CI: 1.624-2.117), sheet metal workers, mechanical technicians and painters (OR: 5.811-10.452, 95%CI: 1.205-54.027), working in an uncomfortable posture (OR:1.376-7.749, 95%CI: 1.034-27.270) and frequent working overtime (OR=2.081, 95%CI: 1.192-4.137) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at shoulder; and sheet metal workers, mechanical technicians and painters (OR: 8.760-11.948, 95%CI: 1.630-66.927), working in an uncomfortable posture (OR:4.067-12.185, 95%CI: 1.332-47.523) and frequent working overtime (OR=2.201, 95%CI: 1.142-4.244) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at waist/back.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders is high among workers in heavy-duty automobile parts factories, which mainly occur at shoulder, neck, waist and back. Type of work, working posture and working duration are main factors affecting the development of occupational musculoskeletal disorders.

12.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 41-47, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881862

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among workers in a shipyard. METHODS: A total of 496 workers in a large shipyard in Guangdong Province were selected as research subjects using the convenient sampling method. The Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Disorders was used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs in various regions of the body in the past year.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the potential influencing factors of WMSDs in the frequently affected body parts. RESULTS: The prevalence of WMSDs was 70.2%(348/496). The prevalence rates of WMSDs in different body regions were: lower back/waist(43.1%), neck(29.4%), shoulder(29.0%), hand/wrist(25.4%), knee(22.4%), hip/leg(14.3%), ankle/foot(12.1%), upper back(11.3%) and elbow(9.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that increased risk of lower back/waist WMSDs occurred in workers who carry heavy objects>5.0 kg, who work in uncomfortable positions, who repeatedly perform the same work every day, and who repeatedly perform the same action using the lower limbs and ankles(P<0.05). Employees working ≤8 hours or more than 8 hours per day had higher risk of developing lower back/waist WMSDs compared with workers working 8-10 hours per day(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of WMSDs among workers in the shipyard is high.The lower back/waist WMSD is the most common one. The influencing factors include work organization and adverse ergonomic factors.

13.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 253-259, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881891

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among workers in the industry of electronic equipment manufacturing. METHODS: A total of 815 workers in three factories of electronic equipment manufacturing in Guangdong Province were selected as study subjects by convenience sampling. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the past year was investigated using Musculoskeletal Disorders Investigating Questionnaire and the influencing factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The total prevalence of WMSDs was 69.4%(566/815). The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was 54.5%(444/815), and the prevalence of one-site WMSDs was 15.0%(122/815). Multiple logistic regression showed that female workers had higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs than males [odds radio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.59(1.12-2.26), P<0.05]. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in left-handed workers was lower than that of right-handed workers [OR(95% CI): 0.42(0.19-0.91), P<0.05]. The longer service of current position and the more neck forward movement, the higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI) were 1.33(1.09-1.63) and 1.62(1.23-2.15), P<0.01]. The workers who had long-time sitting at work, adopted uncomfortable working posture, could decide when to work on their own, kept head down for a long time, or often bending wrists up/down had higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI) were 1.41(1.16-1.73), 1.82(1.40-2.38), 1.79(1.16-2.75), 1.92(1.38-2.69) and 1.60(1.14-2.24), respectively, P<0.01]. The workers who could take turns with colleagues to finish work or had enough rest time had lower prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI): 0.57(0.41-0.78) and 0.67(0.48-0.92), P<0.05]. The workers who worked >10 h per day had lower prevalence of multi-site WMSDs than those who worked ≤8 h per day [OR(95% CI): 0.57(0.37-0.87), P<0.05]. CONCLUSION: Multi-site WMSDs were more common than one-site WMSDs among workers in the industry of electronic equipment manufacturing, and the prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was high. The risk factors include personal factors, work organization and adverse ergonomic factors.

14.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 260-267, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881892

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of ergonomic factor load on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in shipyard workers. METHODS: A total of 751 shipyard workers were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. The exposure level of adverse ergonomic factors was assessed using the Quick Exposure Check method. The prevalence of WMSDs was investigated using the revised Musculoskeletal Disorders Investigating Questionnaire of our research group, and the relationship between them was analyzed. RESULTS: The proportions of high or very high level of work load exposure to the neck, back, shoulder and hand in shipyard workers from high to low were 66.4%, 63.5%, 59.8% and 43.7%(P<0.01) respectively. The proportions of occupational stress, driving, vibration and working rhythm at high or very high exposure level were 20.0%, 4.1%, 22.9% and 3.2%, respectively. The prevalence of WMSDs in four body parts of shipyard workers from high to low was the back, neck, hand and shoulder(the prevalence were 44.2%, 31.2%, 26.9% and 26.6%, respectively, P<0.01). After excluding the influence of confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the labor load exposure level and longer of the vibration tool using, the higher the risk of shoulder WMSDs [odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) were 1.25(1.04-1.51) and 1.33(1.05-1.69), respectively, P<0.05]. The higher the level of occupational stress, the higher the risk of back and neck WMSDs [OR(95%CI) was 1.29(1.05-1.58) and 1.42(1.15-1.77), respectively, P<0.05]. CONCLUSION: There was a dose-effect relationship between the exposure level of shoulder load, the time of using vibration tools and the shoulder WMSDs, and there was a dose-effect relationship between the occupational stress level and the WMSDs in the back and neck.

15.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 441-446, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881920

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among workers in a cement plant. METHODS: A total of 196 workers in a cement plant were selected as study subjects using a judgment sampling method. A revised Musculoskeletal Injury Questionnaire was used to investigate the occurrence of WMSDs in workers in the past year. RESULTS: The detection rate of WMSDs in different parts of the body of workers in the cement plant was 18.4%-32.1%. The detection rates of WMSDs in all parts of the body from high to low was as follows: shoulder(32.1%), neck(30.6%), upper back(24.0%), ankle/foot(24.0%), lower back(23.5%), hip/thigh(22.4%), wrist/hand(21.4%), elbow(18.4%), and knee(18.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that keeping the neck in the same posture for a long time was a risk factor for neck WMSDs [odds ratio(OR)=2.29, P<0.05). Frequent turning around was a risk factor for WMSDs on the neck and lower back(waist)(OR were 3.06 and 3.32, P<0.05). Maintaining the same posture for a long time on the back was a risk factor for shoulder and upper back WMSDs(OR were 3.22 and 2.34, P<0.05). Hard work was a risk factor for shoulder and upper back WMSDs(OR were 2.60 and 2.58, P<0.05). Driving a vehicle was a risk factor for lower back(waist) and ankle/foot WMSDs(OR were 2.54 and 3.17, P<0.05). Carrying objects heavier than 20 kilograms and frequent overtime working were risk factors for ankle/foot WMSDs(OR were 3.03 and 2.54, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The most frequent parts of the body having WMSDs in the cement production workers are shoulders and necks. Occupational factors(turning around or keeping the same posture of neck and back) are risk factors of WMSDs on shoulder and neck.

16.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 174-178, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881773

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the blood biochemical indexes and the local muscle fatigue of operators with local muscle fatigue caused by moderate-load repetitive manual lifting. METHODS: Five healthy male volunteers were selected as the research subjects. They repeatedly performed simulated manual lifting operation for four periods(T1-T4), 10 minutes per period. Each period was suspended for 3 minutes to be accessed for the rating of perceived exertion(RPE) score of local muscle. Meanwhile, their venous blood was collected to be detected for serum calcium ion, creatine kinase, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein(COMP), ammonia, lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), C-reactive protein(CRP), and collagen type Ⅱ C terminal telopeptide(CTX-Ⅱ). RESULTS: The RPE score and serum creatine kinase level of the subjects increased with the increasing of lifting time(P<0.05). Serum calcium ion levels in time periods T2, T3 and T4 were higher than that in T1(P<0.05). Serum COMP levels in T3 and T4 were higher than that in T1(P<0.05). The levels of ammonia,lactic acid, LDH, CRP and CTX-Ⅱ in each time period showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). Serum creatine kinase, calcium ion and LDH levels were positively correlated with RPE score(correlation coefficient were 0.840, 0.512, 0.741, respectively, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Serum creatine kinase is a sensitive, effective and objective index reflecting muscle fatigue, which is suitable for evaluating the fatigue process of moderate-load repetitive activities. Serum calcium ion has a good correlation with muscle fatigue, and serum COMP can reflect muscle fatigue to some extent.

17.
China Occupational Medicine ; (6): 168-172, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-881679

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of neck work-related musculoskeletal disorders( WMSDs) and their effects in airport porters. METHODS: A total of 413 airport porters were chosen as study subjects using judgment sampling method. Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs.Then structural equation model was constructed and used to analyze the influencing factors of neck WMSDs. RESULTS: The prevalence of neck WMSDs in airport porters was 37. 3%( 154/413). Postural load,mental workload and length of service had a direct effect on neck WMSDs of porters( path coefficients were 0. 405,0. 166,0. 296,P < 0. 05),and mental workload also had an indirect effect on neck WMSDs through postural load( path coefficient was 0. 103,P < 0. 01).CONCLUSION: Posture load,mental workload and length of service are risk factors of neck WMSDs in airport porters.

18.
Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi ; Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi;(12): 7-10, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-807932

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To study the relationship between XRCC1 gene polymorphism and DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers exposed to coal tar pitch.@*Methods@#203 coal tar asphalt device operation area workers (exposure group) and 76 logistics management personnel (control group) as the research ob-ject, determination of 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in the urine as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons expo-sure dose, using the alkaline comet assay evaluation a peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA damage degree, using TaqMan MGB real time PCR method to detect XRCC1 gene 3 loci (XRCC1-194, XRCC1-280 and XRCC1-399) single nucleotide polymorphism.@*Results@#No significant differences was observed in age, sex, smoking and alco-hol consumption between the two groups (P>0.05). The level of 1-OHP in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.27±0.93 μg/g creatinine) (P<0.05). The comet Olive tail moment level (3.21±0.93) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.94 ± 0.39) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in genotype distribution of XRCC1-194, XRCC1-280 and XRCC1-399 between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant correlation be-tween the XRCC1-280 locus gene polymorphism and comet Olive tail moment in the exposure group (P<0.05) af-ter adjustment for sex, age, smoking rate, drinking rate, length of service and urinary 1-OHP concentration. The comet Olive tail moment level of GG individuals carrying wild homozygous genotype was significantly lower than that of individuals carrying heterozygous genotype GA and carrying mutant homozygous genotype AA (P< 0.05) , and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) The comet Olive tail moment level of heterozy-gous genotype GA was significantly lower than that of genotype AA with mutational homozygous genotype AA (P<0.05) , and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Arg280His locus polymor-phism of XRCC1 gene may influence the DNA damage level of peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by occupational exposure to coal tar pitch.

19.
Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi ; Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi;(12): 273-276, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-808436

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore occupational-disease-inductive in a carbon enterprise workplace and personnel occupational health examination, providing the basis for occupational disease prevention and control of the industry.@*Methods@#Field occupational health survey and inspection law were used to study the the situation and degree of occupational disease hazards in carbon enterprise from 2013 to 2015.Occupational health monitoring was used for workers, physical examination, detection of occupational hazard factors and physical examination results were analyzed comprehensive.@*Results@#Dust, coal tar pitch volatiles, and noise in carbon enterprise were more serious than others. Among them, the over standard rate of coal tar pitch volatiles was 76.67%, the maximum point detection was 1.06 mg/m3, and the maximum of the individual detection was 0.67 mg/m3. There was no statistical difference among the 3 years (P>0.05) . There were no significant differences in the incidence of occupation health examination, chest X-ray, skin audiometry, blood routine, blood pressure, electrocardiogram between 3 years (P>0.05) , in which the skin and audiometry abnormal rate was higher than 10% per year.@*Conclusion@#Dust, coal tar, and noise are the main occupational hazard factors of carbon enterprise, should strengthen the corresponding protection.

20.
Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi ; Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi;(12): 282-285, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-808439

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the effect of coal tar pitch occupational exposure on the cytogenetic damage.@*Methods@#In July 2015, 691 workers exposed to coal tar pitch were selected as contact group. The administrative and the support crew 201 cases were selected as control group. Detect the tail DNA% and tail moment in peripheral blood lymphocyte as DNA damage degree by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) . Detect the concentration of the metabolic product in urine by HPLC/MC as exposure levels.@*Results@#The contact group were significantly higher than the control group in tail DNA% (contact group14.44%, control group 11.17%) and olive tail moment (contact group 2.85 μm, control group 1.95 μm) . The smoking one (contact group18.51%, control group13.43%) were significantly higher than the group not smoking (contact group12.69%, control group 11.71%) in tail DNA%. The coal tar pitch content in the air of workplace have correlation with worker, stail DNA% (rs=0.10) and olive tail moment (rs=0.11) .@*Conclusion@#Occupational exposure to coal tar pitch and smoking can cause cytogenetic damage to workers.

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