Rapid Determination of 32 Kinds of Veterinary Drug Residues in Eggs Using Modified QuEChERS Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide-coated Melamine Sponge by Ultra-High Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

A rapid analytical method for simultaneous determination of 32 kinds of multi-residue veterinary drugs in eggs was developed using a modified QuEChERS technique based on a reduced graphene oxide-coated melamine sponge(r-GO@MeS)by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The influences of graphene oxide(GO)concentrations,sponge dosages,and purification modes on drug recoveries were investigated during the purification process.The optimal purification conditions involved using a GO concentration of 0.5 mg/mL,a sponge dosage of 6.0 cm3/mL,and a dynamic purification mode of 5 extrusion cycles.Separation was achieved using an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD column(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm),and quantitative analysis was performed by the external standard method using an electrospray ionization source(ESI)in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode.The results showed that all 32 kinds of veterinary drugs exhibited good linear correlation with coefficients greater than 0.999,and matrix effects(MEs)ranging from?7.8%to 18.9%.The limits of detection(LODs)and quantification(LOQs)ranged from 0.2 to 10.2 μg/kg and from 0.6 to 28.0 μg/kg,respectively.The recoveries for the three spiked levels were in the range of 66.5%?117.5%,with intra-day and inter-day precision(Relative standard deviation)below 13.3%and 16.3%,respectively.The synthetic r-GO@MeS exhibited efficient matrix purification without the need of high-speed centrifugation or strong magnetic field assistance.This significantly shorted the sample pretreatment time and improved the convenience of the matrix purification process.Combined with UPLC-MS/MS,the method was suitable for the rapid determination of multi-residue veterinary drugs in eggs.

Effect of Jiawei Jianshen prescription on patients with spleen-kidney deficiency of idiopathic membranous nephropathy and its influence on PLA2R / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To observe the effect of Jiawei Jianshen prescription on idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)with spleen-kidney deficiency and its influence on phospholipase A2 receptor(PLA2R)titer.Methods A total of 60 patients with IMN who were hospitalized or outpatients in Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital from January 2021 to July 2022 were selected and divided into control group and treatment group by simple random sampling method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was given basic treatment alone,and the treatment group was given Jiawei Jianshen prescription + basic treatment.Blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(SCr),serum albumin(ALB),24h urinary protein quantitative and PLA2R titer were compared between two groups before and after treatment.The therapeutic effect of two groups was evaluated.Results The total effective rate of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group(χ2=60.000,P<0.001).After treatment,the scores of edema,abdominal distension,fatigue,soreness and weakness of waist and knees in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).24h urinary protein and PLA2R titer in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group,and ALB was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Jiawei Jianshen prescription can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of IMN patients with spleen-kidney deficiency,increase serum ALB level,reduce 24h urinary protein quantity and PLA2R titer.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of qualitative and quantitative fecal immunochemical tests in colorectal cancer screening / 预防医学

Objective@#To compare the effectiveness of qualitative and quantitative fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) in identifying colorectal cancer, so as to provide insights into perfecting screening strategies for colorectal cancer.@*Methods@#Participants in the Colorectal Cancer Screening Program for Key Populations in Zhejiang Province from May 2020 to December 2021 were recruited, and their demographic information, lifestyle and disease history were collected through a questionnaire survey. Qualitative or quantitative FIT along with a questionnaire-based risk assessment were employed as the initial screening tests. Individuals who were positive in any FIT or had high-risk assessment results were required to attend a subsequent colonoscopy examination. The positive rate, detection rate of colorectal cancer, positive predictive value and number of colonoscopies required were compared between qualitative and quantitative FITs, and stratified analyses by gender and age were conducted.@*Results@#Totally 4 099 769 participants were included. The qualitative FIT group included 3 574 917 individuals, yielding a positive rate of 11.35%, a detection rate of 1.19%, a positive predictive value of 0.48% and 83.84 colonoscopies required to detect one cancer case. The quantitative FIT group involved 524 852 individuals, yielding a positive rate of 6.70%, a detection rate of 2.31%, a positive predictive value of 1.01% and 43.23 colonoscopies required to detect one cancer case. The quantitative FIT group showed significantly higher detection rate of colorectal cancer, higher positive predictive value and less number of colonoscopies required compared to the qualitative FIT group (all P<0.05). The same results were obtained after stratification by gender and age.@*Conclusion@#Compared to qualitative FIT, quantitative FIT improves the detection of colorectal cancer and reduces the workload of colonoscopy examinations, making it more suitable for colorectal cancer screening in large-scale populations.

TRPV4-induced Neurofilament Injury Contributes to Memory Impairment after High Intensity and Low Frequency Noise Exposures / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Exposure to high intensity, low frequency noise (HI-LFN) causes vibroacoustic disease (VAD), with memory deficit as a primary non-auditory symptomatic effect of VAD. However, the underlying mechanism of the memory deficit is unknown. This study aimed to characterize potential mechanisms involving morphological changes of neurons and nerve fibers in the hippocampus, after exposure to HI-LFN.@*METHODS@#Adult wild-type and transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 4 knockout (TRPV4-/-) mice were used for construction of the HI-LFN injury model. The new object recognition task and the Morris water maze test were used to measure the memory of these animals. Hemoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine morphological changes of the hippocampus after exposure to HI-LFN.@*RESULTS@#The expression of TRPV4 was significantly upregulated in the hippocampus after HI-LFN exposure. Furthermore, memory deficits correlated with lower densities of neurons and neurofilament-positive nerve fibers in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampal areas in wild-type mice. However, TRPV4-/- mice showed better performance in memory tests and more integrated neurofilament-positive nerve fibers in the CA1 and DG areas after HI-LFN exposure.@*CONCLUSION@#TRPV4 up-regulation induced neurofilament positive nerve fiber injury in the hippocampus, which was a possible mechanism for memory impairment and cognitive decline resulting from HI-LFN exposure. Together, these results identified a promising therapeutic target for treating cognitive dysfunction in VAD patients.

Application of Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy for Adrenal Region Masses in Children:Report of 6 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To explore the safety and efficiency of robot-assisted laparoscopic resection of pediatric adrenal region masses.Methods Six cases with adrenal region mass underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy(RALA)from October 2019 to March 2022 in our hospital by using the da Vinci Robotic Surgery System.The patient was routinely placed in the 60°position on the healthy side.Two robotic arms were used to operate,and additional auxiliary operation holes were added as needed.The tumor was revealed by the combination of sharp and blunt separation,and the tumor trophoblastic vessels were identified.The tumor vessels were isolated by clamping with silk wire or biological clips.The tumor was fully freed and excised completely.Smaller specimens were removed by a slightly enlarged operation hole,and larger specimens were removed by another incision in the lower abdomen.Results All the 6 cases of procedures were successfully performed without conversion to open surgery.The operative duration was 90-240 min(mean,133.3 min),and the blood loss was 15-50 ml(mean,31.7 ml).In 2 cases,the drainage tube was not placed.In the remaining 4 cases,the indwelling time of the drainage tube after surgery was 4-8 d(mean,5.5 d).The postoperative hospital stay was5-15 d(mean,8.7 d).There were no complications except for one patient with postoperative bleeding.All the patients were followed up for 10-24 months(mean,16.7 months).CT examinations showed no recurrence of tumors.Conclusion Robotic-assisted laparoscopic resection of pediatric adrenal region masses is safe with satisfactory results.

Resistance mechanism and molecular epidemiological characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae analyzed based on whole-genome sequencing / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To elucidate the drug resistance characteristics and molecular epidemiological features of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in this region, and to provide a basis for clinical anti-infective therapy. Methods:A total of 92 CRKP isolates were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University and Ningbo No.2 Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK2 Compact analyzer. Whole-genome sequencing was used to analyze their molecular characteristics including capsular serotypes, sequence types (multilocus sequencing typing) and resistance genes. Plasmid replicon types were identified using PlasmidFinder, and core genome phylogenetic analysis was performed with Parsnp.Results:The CRKP isolates were mainly isolated from critically ill elderly patients, with sputum (51.09%, 47/92) and urine (13.04%, 12/92) as the major specimen sources, followed by blood (8.70%, 8/92). Most of the infections were reported in the intensive care unit (33.70%, 31/92). All isolates showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, but lower resistance to polymyxin B (6.52%, 6/92). The predominant resistance gene, capsule serotype and ST were blaKPC-2 (78.26%, 72/92), KL64 (48.91%, 45/92), and ST11 (54.35%, 50/92), respectively. ST11-KL64 was the predominant clone, accounting for 46.74%(43/92) and carried multiple plasmids with IncR and IncFⅡ as the major types. Conclusions:CRKP in this region mainly harbored the blaKPC-2 resistance gene and showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The ST11-KL64 clone spread widely in this region and the strains circulating in the two hospitals were similar. Thus, the surveillance should be strengthened.

Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Sj?gren′s syndrome in China / 中华内科杂志

Sj?gren′s syndrome (SS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte proliferation and progressive exocrine gland damage. In addition to the impairment of salivary and lacrimal gland function, SS can present with multi-system and multi-organ involvement, accompanied by autoantibodies in serum and hyperimmunoglobulinemia. SS can be divided into primary and secondary forms based on the absence or presence, respectively, of concurrent connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Based on evidence and guidelines from China and other countries, the Chinese Rheumatology Association drafted standardized criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of primary SS. The objectives were to standardize the detection and interpretation of key indicators for the diagnosis of SS, including serum anti-SSA antibody and labial gland pathology, suggest the use of the widely accepted European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)-SS disease activity index for the evaluation of the disease, and standardize the rational management of SS patients with topical and systemic therapies.

Progress on the application of porcelain veneers in the restoration of dental fluorosis and its influencing factors / 中华地方病学杂志

Due to the cloud-like appearance of the dental surface of dental fluorosis, serious tooth defect may occur, thus affecting the overall beauty of the face. The clinical effect of dental fluorosis is not better than that of normal teeth in the application of repair, which brings some difficulties to the clinicians. The application of porcelain veneers in the restoration of dental fluorosis has been widely concerned by clinicians and researchers due to its advantages of high aesthetics, small amount of tooth tissue abrasion, and good biocompatibility. Therefore, this article comprehensively discusses the application effect and influencing factors of porcelain veneers in the restoration of dental fluorosis, in order to provide some reference for clinical application.

Identification of mixed medicinal powder of Epimedii Folium with different origins based on pyrosequencing technology / 药学学报

There are many multi-original medicinal materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the mixed use of medicinal materials from different sources is common, which has certain influence on the stability of clinical medication. In this study, pyrosequencing technology was used to screen species-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from commonly used DNA barcode sequences, and a rapid and accurate molecular identification method for original species in mixed medicinal powder of Epimedii Folium was established. Multiple sequence alignment analysis showed that the 176th (C/T) mutation and the 196th (A/G) mutation of ITS, the 123rd (C/G) mutation of matK and the 892nd (A/C) mutation of rbcL could be used as the unique SNPs of E. sagittatum, E. koreanum, E. brevicornu and E. pubescens, respectively. In this study, the applicability of pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing methods in the sequencing of mixture samples was investigated from the perspective of sensitivity and stability. Pyrosequencing method has higher detection sensitivity than Sanger sequencing method for low content samples in the mixed samples. Stability analysis showed that pyrosequencing technology could still obtain effective sequencing results for the amplified products of template DNA after 45 min of 95 ℃ high temperature water bath, while the critical point of Sanger sequencing method was 30 min. In this study, a new identification technology of Epimedii Folium mixed powder primordial species based on pyrosequencing and specific SNP was developed, which can quickly and accurately identify the mixed use of Epimedii Folium with high sensitivity and stability, and can also support the identification of different primordial species and mixed powder primordial herbs, which is conducive to ensuring the consistency and stability of clinical medication.

Progress of the talin and the mechanical basis theory of memory / 解剖学报

Memory loss induced by aging and hypoxia is very common, so exploring the mechanism of memory production, storage and retrieval is of great significance to daily life and clinical work. The storage and retrieval of memory is probably similar to the computer. We summarized the research progress of MeshCODE theory, the mechanical basis of memory. Memory loss in certain diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease) or pathological conditions (such as aging, lack of oxygen) may be associated with abnormal folding of talin, a mechanosensitive protein. It can dynamically regulate synaptic activity by changing the state of the domain, storing or updating information about small changes in mechanical forces in binary form, and initiating chemical processes such as ligand redistribution in neurons, so that memory is stored in the brain in a binary format, known as the MeshCODE theory.

Factors affecting penile appearance and erectile function for postoperative hypospadias patients in adulthood: a long-term follow-up observational study / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the penile appearance, sexual function, psychological status and related influencing factors of adult patients who underwent hypospadias repair surgery in their minors, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of hypospadias. 【Methods】 This study included 50 adult hypospadias patients who underwent urethroplasty in our hospital during May 2005 and Aug. 2018. The present appearance, sexual function and psychological status were evaluated. The correlation and consistency between hypospadias objective scoring evaluation (HOSE) and pediatric penile perception score (PPPS) were analyzed. Factors affecting the results were determined with univariate and multivariate regression analysis. 【Results】 The satisfaction rate of HOSE was significantly correlated with the urethral length and complications (P=0.024, P=0.033). The satisfaction rate of PPPS was significantly correlated with the number of urethral operations and postoperative complications (P=0.041, P=0.023). There was a weak correlation between HOSE and PPPS (r=0.291, P=0.040), but almost no consistency (Kappa=0.2, P=0.107). Sixty percent of the patients paid attention to the ventral appearance of penis, whose dissatisfaction rate of PPPS was higher than those who did not pay attention to the ventral appearance of the penis (19/30 vs. 6/20, P=0.021). Patients with multiple operations (>1), postoperative complications or unsatisfactory penile appearance were more likely to have inferiority complex (52.6% vs. 22.6%, P=0.029; 59.1% vs.14.3%, P=0.001;61.5% vs. 24.3%, P=0.015). Multivariate regression analysis showed that dissatisfaction with the appearance of the penis was an independent risk factor for patients’ perception of their own physical defects. Among the patients who believed that they had physical defects, the percentage of patients with grade IV penile erectile hardness was significantly lower than that of those who denied they had physical defects (9/17 vs. 27/33, P=0.047). 【Conclusion】 The undesirable postoperative penis appearance is likely to have a negative impact on patients’ long-term psychological state, which might further damage the sexual function in adulthood. Surgeons should pay attention to the penile appearance during the conduction of hypospadias repair.

Mechanism of Xianglian Pills in improving dyslipidemia in obese mice induced by high-fat diet based on network pharmacology and intestinal flora / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Xianglian Pills(XLP) on lipid metabolism in obese mice and explore the underlying mechanism based on network pharmacology and intestinal flora. Firstly, network pharmacology was used to predict the possible effect of XLP on obesity. Secondly, an obese mouse model induced by a high-fat diet was established to observe changes in mouse body weight, adiposity index, liver and adipose tissue pathology. Lipid profiles, liver and kidney function markers, insulin content, and the expression of recombinant uncoupling protein 1(UCP-1) and PR structural domain protein 16(PRDM16) were measured. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in the intestinal flora. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that XLP mainly played a role in improving obesity by regulating lipolysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance. The results of animal experiments showed that XLP significantly reduced body weight, adiposity, blood lipid levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice, while enhancing the expression of UCP-1 and PRDM16 in adipose tissue without causing damage to the liver or kidneys. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that XLP decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B) ratio at the phylum level, increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Bacteroides at the family and genus levels, and reduced the abundance of Allobaculum. Therefore, XLP can effectively improve lipid metabolism disorders in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, and the mechanism is related to the improvement of brown adipose function, the browning of white fat, the accelerated lipid metabolism, and the improvement of intestinal flora. However, its effect on promoting the conversion of white adipose to brown adipose still needs to be further studied.

A systematic survey of LU domain-containing proteins reveals a novel human gene, LY6A, which encodes the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 and is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors / 医学前沿

The Ly-6 and uPAR (LU) domain-containing proteins represent a large family of cell-surface markers. In particular, mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 is a widely used marker for various stem cells; however, its human ortholog is missing. In this study, based on a systematic survey and comparative genomic study of mouse and human LU domain-containing proteins, we identified a previously unannotated human gene encoding the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. This gene, hereby named LY6A, reversely overlaps with a lncRNA gene in the majority of exonic sequences. We found that LY6A is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors, but not in normal pituitary tissues, and may contribute to tumorigenesis. Similar to mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1, human LY6A is also upregulated by interferon, suggesting a conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanism between humans and mice. We cloned the full-length LY6A cDNA, whose encoded protein sequence, domain architecture, and exon-intron structures are all well conserved with mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. Ectopic expression of the LY6A protein in cells demonstrates that it acts the same as mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 in their processing and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring to the cell membrane. Collectively, these studies unveil a novel human gene encoding a candidate biomarker and provide an interesting model gene for studying gene regulatory and evolutionary mechanisms.

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of the virus in 96 children with acute diarrhea in Changdu of Tibet, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the virus in children with acute viral diarrhea in Changdu of Tibet, China.@*METHODS@#Fecal specimens were collected from 96 children with acute diarrhea who visited the People's Hospital of Changdu, Tibet, from November 2018 to November 2020 and were tested for adenovirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and rotavirus. Gene sequencing was performed for the genotypes of these viruses.@*RESULTS@#The overall positive rate of the five viruses was 39% (37/96), among which astrovirus had the highest positive rate of 17%, followed by norovirus (9%), rotavirus (8%), adenovirus (7%), and sapovirus (5%). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of the five viruses among different age groups (P>0.05). Only the positive rate of astrovirus was significantly different among the four seasons (P<0.05). For adenovirus, 6 children had F41 type and 1 had C2 type; for norovirus, 6 had GⅠ.3 type, 1 had GⅠ.7 type, 1 had GⅡ.3 type, and 2 had GⅡ.4 Sydney_2012 type; HAstrV-1 type was observed in all children with astrovirus infection; for sapovirus, 1 child each had sporadic GⅠ.2, GⅠ.6, and GⅡ.1 sapovirus and 2 children had unknown type; 6 children had rotavirus G9[P8].@*CONCLUSIONS@#Astrovirus and norovirus are important pathogens in children with acute diarrhea in Changdu, Tibet. The positive rate of adenovirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and rotavirus is not associated with age, and only the positive rate of astrovirus has obvious seasonality. F41 type is the dominant genotype of adenovirus; GⅠ.3 is the dominant genotype of norovirus; HAstrV-1 is the dominant genotype of astrovirus; sporadic GⅠ.2, GⅠ.6, and GⅡ.1 are the dominant genotypes of sapovirus; G9[P8] is the dominant genotype of rotavirus.

Impact of group cognitive behavioral therapy counseling on cognitive control among college students with high obsessive compulsive traits / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) on cognitive control among college students with high obsessive compulsive traits, to provide basic information for the psychological counseling intervention for college students.@*Methods@#From March to April 2019, 687 students were conveniently selected from 2 universities in Hefei. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 58 students with high obsessive traits were selected and divided into experimental group ( n =29) and control group ( n =29) by random number table method. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral group counseling for 4 weeks (1.5 h each time, twice a week), while the control group receive no intervention. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory Revised (OCI-R), Stroop Color Word Test (SCWT), Digital Span Test (DST), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) were used to assess in two groups at baseline and 4 weeks later.@*Results@#After 4 weeks, the scores of OCI-R in the GCBT group (10.28±7.22) was lower than that of in the control group (15.90±10.20) ( t=2.42, P<0.05). Before and after intervention, compared with the control group [(21.89±6.63, 20.52±7.37)s, (8.62±4.43, 8.04±4.84)s] in Stroop C and Stroop interfere effects (SIE), the GCBT group [(22.14±4.92, 16.81±3.43)s, (8.36±3.87, 4.82±1.86)s], the interaction of time group was statistically significant ( F =14.60, 10.54, P <0.05). Compared with the control group (6.21±1.35, 6.55±1.45)times, the scores of DST reverse in the GCBT group (6.31±1.44, 7.24±1.38) times were statistically significant ( F=3.96, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#It suggests that cognitive behavioral group counseling can improve the inhibitory control and working memory of college students with high obsessive compulsive traits, but does not change the cognitive flexibility.

Effect of air-oxygenated normothermic mechanical perfusion on rat kidney recovery following ischemic injury from donation after cardiac death / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To develop an ex vivo normothermic mechanical perfusion(NMP)and compare the effect of air-oxygenated NMP versus oxygen-oxygenated NMP on reducing renal injury from donor after cardiac death(DCD).Methods:All kidneys from DCD rats were subjected to 30 min in situ warm ischemia after cardiac attest.And harvested kidneys were stored for 8h under static cold preservation after NMP for 2h.In experimental groups, kidneys were subjected to either air-oxygenated NMP(group A, n=6)or oxygen-oxygenated NMP(group O, n=6). Sham operation(group C, n=6)and DCD kidneys under static cold preservation without NMP(group SCS, n=6)were employed as controls.The evaluation parameters included creatinine(Cr), aspartate amino transferase(AST)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in perfusate, pathological changes by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining, histological criteria, expressions of myeloperoxidase and intercellular adhesion molecular-1(ICAM-1)by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay and level of malondialdehyde(MDA)by thiobarbital method and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)by WST-8 in renal tissues.Differences between two groups were analyzed by two-tailed unpaired Student's test and differences among more than two groups by one-way ANOVA.Results:Renal arterial oxygen tensions in NMP perfusate were(576.3±68.2)mmHg with oxygen-oxygenation and(137.0±39.1)mmHg with air-oxygenation.There was significant difference( P<0.05). The pathological injury scores in groups SCS, O and A by HE staining were(7.0±0.1), (5.0±0.9)and(2.5±0.5); injury scores and the expressions of renal proximal tubular epithelial cell vacuolar degeneration in groups O and A were lower than those in group SCS( P<0.05)and injury score in group A was lower than group O( P<0.05). In perfusate, the levels of △Cr, △AST and △LDH in groups O and A were(43.9±52.8)μmol/L and(12.6±3.5)μmol/L, (532.3±52.8)U/L and(49.1±50.4)U/L and(9998.0±2014.4)U/L and(1477.0±810.4)U/L.There were significant differences( P<0.05). In perfused kidneys, the MDA level and SOD activity in groups O and A were(0.192±0.018)mmol/g, (0.162±0.023)mmol/g, (0.6±0.3)×10 3 U/g, (1.7±0.4)×10 3 U/g; TNF-α and IL-6 levels in groups O and A were(124.376±19.635)and(89.331±13.123)ng/g, and(4.038±1.026)×10 3 and(1.774±0.518)×10 3 ng/g.After air-oxygenated NMP, lower renal damage indices were characterized by a lower MDA level and a higher SOD activity, the lower levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and the lower expressions of MPO and ICAM-1 than those in oxygen-oxygenated NMP( P<0.05). Conclusions:NMP with air-oxygenation mimics renal perfusion under physiological conditions and decreases oxidative stress and inflammation injury.It may confer a better retrieval in DCD kidney against warm ischemia injury.

Hypoglycemic mechanism of Psoraleae Fructus and its main chemical constituents / 中国中药杂志

With the rise of incidence, fatality rate, and number of young cases, diabetes mellitus has been one of the seven major diseases threatening human health. Although many antidiabetic drugs(oral or for injection) are available, the majority have serious side effects during the long-term use. Thus, it is of particularly vital to develop new drugs with low risk and definite effect. Psoraleae Fructus, a traditional medicinal widely used in the folk, has hypoglycemic, anti-osteoporosis, antitumor, estrogen-like, and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, it has great clinical application potential. Chinese medicine and the active ingredients, characterized by multiple targets, multiple pathways, and multiple effects in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, have distinct advantages in clinical application. However, the safety of Chinese medicine remains to be a challenge, and one of keys is to clarifying the mechanism of a single Chinese medicinal and its active ingredients. With the method of literature research, this study summarized and analyzed the hypoglycemic mechanisms of Psoraleae Fructus and its main active ingredients over the last decade: regulating glucose metabolism, improving insulin resistance, and directly acting on pancreatic β-cells. The result is expected to serve as a reference for further research on the effects of Psoraleae Fructus and its main chemical constituents in lowering blood glucose and preventing diabetes mellitus and the clinical application.

The inhibition mechanism of ZST93 on proliferation of K562 through regulating cell cycle and apoptosis induced by autophagy / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate the effect of ZST93 on the proliferation in human chronic myeloid leukemia(CML)cells(K562)and explore the possible mechanism.Methods MTT assay, cell growth curve and inverted microscope were used to investigate the effect of ZST93 on proliferation of K562 cells.Cell transfection and Western blot were performed to detect the autophagy, while PI staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI and flow cytometry were conducted to determine cell apoptosis and its anticancer mechanism.Results ZST93 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of K562(IC50=2.59 μmol·L-1)and induce cell cycle arrest at G1-phase in a dose- and time-dependent manner.Also, through leading to accumulation of GFP-LC3, transition into LC3- II from LC3- 1 , and decrease of p62 expression, ZST93 induced autophagy initiation and autophagic flux.Furthermore, ZST93 induced extrinsic apoptotic pathway by activating caspase-8, and further promoted the cleavage of apoptosis related proteins including caspase-9, caspase-3 and PAR P.Moreover, Z-DEYD-FMK, the specific inhibitor of caspase-3 , could dramatically reduce the apoptosis induced by ZST93.Taken together, ZST93 could effec tively inhibit CML cells, arrest eell cycle at G,-phase, induce cell apoptosis anrl initiate autophagy.Conclusions The potential mechanism may he related to the regulation of autophagy intiation/caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling pathway, which provides a new idea and theoretical basis for the treatment of CML.

Clinical analysis of 379 patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Chengdu / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods    A total of 379 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from January 16 to November 30, 2020 were divided into two groups including an elderly group (42 patients, ≥60 years) and a non-elderly group (337 patients, <60 years) by age. The epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory tests, treatment and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results    Among the 379 patients, 286 (75.5%) were males and 93 (24.5%) were females, aged from 2 months to 87 years, with an average age of 41.2 years. The average age of the elderly group was 69.5 years, and 61.9% of them were females. They were imported from Wuhan or local secondary patients (73.8%), mainly common or critical type (88.1%). While, the average age of the non-elderly group was 37.8 years, and males were more common (80.1%). There were mostly from foreign input (75.7%), mainly mild or ordinary type (95.0%). A total of 179 patients (47.2%) had one or more underlying diseases. Hypertension (15 patients, 35.7%) and diabetes (11 patients, 26.2%) were more common in the elderly group, while non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (132 patients, 39.2%) was more frequent in the non-elderly group. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (138 patients, 36.4%) and cough (129 patients, 34.0%). Fever, cough, dyspnea, and fatigue were more common in the elderly group than those in the non-elderly group (P<0.05). Compared with the non-elderly group, the elderly group had lower total lymphocyte count, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell count, higher level of myocardial injury or inflammation markers (P<0.05). Abnormal echocardiography in 139 patients (36.7%) was mainly caused by decreased left ventricular diastolic function (22.7%) and heart valve regurgitation (14.0%), and the rate in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the non-elderly group (85.7% vs. 30.6%, P<0.05). After treatment, 3 patients in the elderly group died, and the others were cured and discharged. The hospitalization duration of the elderly group was longer than that of the non-elderly group (22.1 d vs. 18.8 d, P=0.033). Conclusions    Elderly COVID-19 patients are mainly imported from Wuhan or secondary to the local population, mainly common or critical type, often associated with basic diseases such as hypertension or diabetes. While, non-elderly COVID-19 patients are mainly imported from abroad, mainly mild or common type, often associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. After treatment, most of the patients have a good prognosis.

Evolution of Sichuan Dao-di herbs recorded in ancient works of materia medica of different historical periods / 中国中药杂志

Sichuan province is very famous for its abundant resources of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).However, within the scope of administrative division of Sichuan province, the origin records of Dao-di herbs in different historical periods show a dynamic distribution process. On the basis of carefully sorting out the geographical scope of Sichuan province in different historical periods, this article focuses on the textual research of the Dao-di herbs in Sichuan province recorded in the seven mainstream ancient works of materia medica.The results showed that, according to the records of Mingyi bielu and Bencaojing Jizhu, the main distribution areas of Dao-di herbs were mainly in the central and eastern regions of Sichuan province, mainly including Moschus, Coptidis Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and most of the rest materia medica had become unused in the historical process. Qianjin Yifang records that the distribution areas of Dao-di herbs were mainly in the middle and eastern part of Sichuan province.Aconiti Radix, Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix are still the Dao-di herbs of Sichuan province. According to the book of Bencao Tujing,the main distribution areas of Dao-di herbs are Chengdu Plain, Yibin and Santai, While Toosendan Fructus, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Aconiti Radix are still the Dao-di herbs of Sichuan province. Ben Cao Gang Mu records the place of origin as Sichuan.Coptidis Rhizoma, Toosendan Fructus, Cyathulae Radix are still the Dao-di herbs of Sichuan pro-vince. Yaowu Chuchanbian and Zengding Weiyao Tiaobian records the place of origin as Sichuan, as well as Kangding, Songpan, Dujiang-yan, Jiangyou, Nanchong, Ya'an, etc. Moschus, Coptidis Rhizoma, Eucommiae Cortex, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex are still the Dao-di herbs of Sichuan province. The results of this article provide a new understanding of the history and distribution changes of Dao-di herbs in Sichuan province, and can help to further understand the formation connotation of Sichuan Dao-di herbs.