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Objective To compare the regional leptomeningeal (rLMC) scale scores,Miteff scale scores and Tan scale scores to provide the clinical basis for selecting collateral circulation evaluation methods.Methods One hundred and fifteen patients with acute ischemic stroke,admitted to our hospital from August 2013 to February 2017 were chosen in our study.The rLMC scale,Miteff scale,and Tan scale were used to evaluate the collateral circulations of each patient.The credibility and validity of these 3 scales were compared.Modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at 3 months were followed by 0-2 for good prognosis and 3-6 for poor prognosis.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent prognostic factors of ischemic stroke.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive values of the 3 scales for prognoses of ischemic stroke.Results Intra-observer agreement of the 3 scales from the highest to the lowest was rLMC scale (Kappa=0.871),Tan scale (Kappa=0.842),and Miteff scale (Kappa=0.752).The test-retest reliability of the 3 scales from the highest to the lowest was rLMC scale (Kappa=0.879),Tan scale (Kappa=0.826),and Miteffscale (Kappa=0.775).The validity of the 3 scales from the highest to the lowest was rLMC scale (rs=0.690),Tan scale (rs=0.680),and Miteff scale (rs=0.650).Univariable and multivariable analyses showed that the results of collateral circulation defined by rLMC scale (OR=1.325,95％CI=1.048-1.675,P=0.019),Tan scale (OR=2.938,95％CI=1.115-7.744,P=0.029) and Miteff scale (OR=2.698,95％CI=1.050-6.931,P=0.039) were associated with prognoses of acute ischemic stroke.ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of rLMC scale,Tan scale,and Miteff scale was 0.848,0.799,and 0.759,respectively;there were significant differences among the 3 scoring methods in the area under the curve (P＜0.05),indicating the predictive values of the three to the prognoses:rLMC scale＞Tan scale＞Miteff scale.Conclusions As compared with Miteff scale and Tan scale,rLMC scale has high intra-observer agreement and validity,and is reliable but complicated.The results of collateral circulation defined by these 3 scoring methods are associated with the prognoses of acute ischemic stroke.
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Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and outcome in myathenia gravisac companied with thymoma or thymic hy-perplasia.Methods From January,2007 to December,2016,118 myathenia gravis patients with thymoma,and 42 myathenia gravis patients with thymic hyperplasia were enrolled.Their age of onset,gender,initial symptom,osserman classification,muscles involved,myasthenia crisis,low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation and complete stable remission rate data were retrospectively analyzed.Results Compared with myathenia gravis patients with thymic hyperplasia,myathenia gravis patients with thymoma showed older age in onset,higher propor-tion in type III and lower rate in complete stable remission rate(P<0.05),and more respiratory muscle involved(χ2=6.364,P=0.011)and myasthenia crisis(χ2=5.455,P=0.022).There were significant differences in respiratory muscle involved(χ2=8.532,P=0.036)and the inci-dence rate of myasthenia crisis(χ2=8.956,P=0.030)among thymoma with different pathological types,in which type B3 was the highest, and type A+AB was the lowest.The low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation positive rate was higher in myathenia gravis patients with thymoma than with thymic hyperplasia,however,there was no significant difference(χ2<1.357,P>0.05).There was a rising trend with path-ological classification altered in the low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation positive rate with no significant difference (χ2<6.623, P>0.05).Conclusion Myathenia gravis patients with thymoma were common in middle-aged to old people,who were serious in clinical symp-tom,particularly respiratory muscle involved and myasthenia crisis.Myathenia gravis patients with thymic hyperplasia were more benefit from thymectomy.The low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation positive rate of myathenia gravis patients does not correlate with thymic lesion type.Respiratory muscle involved and myasthenia crisis are relevant with pathological types of thymoma.
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@#Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of Simple Facial Grading System (SFGS) in patients with idiopathic facial palsy. Methods 80 patients with idiopathic facial palsy were evaluated with the House-Brackmann (H-B) scale and SFGS before and every 2 weeks after treatment until 12 weeks or recovery. They were assessed by 2 testers before and 2 weeks after treatment. The results were analyzed and compared. Results The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.93 of SFGS, and 0.74 of H-B scale. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between testers was 0.84 or higher of SFGS, and 0.77 or higher of H-B scale. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between SFGS and H-B scale was 0.73, Kappa coefficients was 0.81 for grade II, 0.74 for grade III, 0.49 for grade IV, 0.66 for grade V, and 0.92 for grade VI. The scores of SFGS and H-B scale positively correlated with the recovery time. Conclusion SFGS is a kind of evaluation for peripheral facial paralysis with satisified reliability and validity, which can be applied to evaluate the severity and outcome during acute stage.
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Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of Simple Facial Grading System (SFGS) in patients with idiopathic fa-cial palsy. Methods 80 patients with idiopathic facial palsy were evaluated with the House-Brackmann (H-B) scale and SFGS before and ev-ery 2 weeks after treatment until 12 weeks or recovery. They were assessed by 2 testers before and 2 weeks after treatment. The results were analyzed and compared. Results The Cronbach'sαcoefficient was 0.93 of SFGS, and 0.74 of H-B scale. The intraclass correlation coeffi-cient (ICC) between testers was 0.84 or higher of SFGS, and 0.77 or higher of H-B scale. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient be-tween SFGS and H-B scale was 0.73, Kappa coefficients was 0.81 for grade II, 0.74 for grade III, 0.49 for grade IV, 0.66 for grade V, and 0.92 for grade VI. The scores of SFGS and H-B scale positively correlated with the recovery time. Conclusion SFGS is a kind of evaluation for peripheral facial paralysis with satisified reliability and validity, which can be applied to evaluate the severity and outcome during acute stage.
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@#Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of Simple Facial Grading System (SFGS) in patients with idiopathic facial palsy. Methods 80 patients with idiopathic facial palsy were evaluated with the House-Brackmann (H-B) scale and SFGS before and every 2 weeks after treatment until 12 weeks or recovery. They were assessed by 2 testers before and 2 weeks after treatment. The results were analyzed and compared. Results The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.93 of SFGS, and 0.74 of H-B scale. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between testers was 0.84 or higher of SFGS, and 0.77 or higher of H-B scale. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between SFGS and H-B scale was 0.73, Kappa coefficients was 0.81 for grade II, 0.74 for grade III, 0.49 for grade IV, 0.66 for grade V, and 0.92 for grade VI. The scores of SFGS and H-B scale positively correlated with the recovery time. Conclusion SFGS is a kind of evaluation for peripheral facial paralysis with satisified reliability and validity, which can be applied to evaluate the severity and outcome during acute stage.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Six1 and Six4 are expressed in several tumors, and associated with tumor progress and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Six1 and Six4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to evaluate their correlation with the clinicopathological factors and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarray technology and immunohistochemical method (EnVision) were used to detect the expression of Six1 and Six4 in the tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent normal epithelium of esophagus from 292 ESCC patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 292 ESCC patients, the positive rates of Six1 and Six4 protein expression in tumor tissues were 72.9% (213/292) and 56.2% (164/292), respectively, significantly higher than the expression rate of 33.2% (97/292) and 32.5% (95/292) in adjacent normal epithelium of esophagus (P < 0.05). Chi square test showed that the expression of Six1 protein was related to tumor size, depth of tumor invasion and patient survival status; higher Six4 protein expression level was related to poor differentiation and increased depth of invasion. Single factor Log-rank analysis revealed that gender, TNM stage, Six1 protein expression level were related to the overall survival of ESCC patients (P < 0.05), while the five-year survival rate was significantly higher in the Six1-negative group than the Six1-positive group [51.9% (41/79) vs. 43.7% (93/213)]. Multi-factor Cox proportional risk model analysis showed that TNM stage and positive expression of Six1 were independent prognostic factors for ESCC patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Six1 and Six4 are highly expressed in ESCC. Their expression levels are closely related to the progress and prognosis of ESCC. Over-expression of Six1 is related to poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Thus, Six1 could be used as an important prognostic indicator for ESCC patients.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , General Surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , General Surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Homeodomain Proteins , Metabolism , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Risk Factors , Survival Rate , Trans-Activators , Metabolism , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
Aim To study the protective effects of Paeoniflorin (PF) on dopaminergic neurons in brain slice of substantia nigra treated with MPP~+ and to investigate the transcription of alpha-synuclei (α-syn) mRNA.Methods The organatypic brain slice culture of substantia nigra prepared from neonatal SD rats was placed on Millicell-CM porous membranes and cultured to day-10.Then the cultrues of slice were treated with different concentrations (0.1,0.5,1.0 mmol·L~(-1)) of MPP~+ for 24 h.Some of the cultrues treated with 0.5 mmol·L~(-1) MPP~+ also received PF (1 or 10 μmol·L~(-1)).Slices cultured in normal medium were used as vehicle control.The tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining with the cell counting was used to determine the dopaminergic neruons.The transcription of α-syn mRNA was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.Results MPP~+(0.1,0.5,1.0 mmol·L~(-1)) exposure markedly decreased the number of TH~+ cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and sharply induced the transcription of α-syn mRNA (P<0.01) in slices treated with 0.5 mmol·L~(-1) MPP~+.The addition of PF (10 μmol·L~(-1)) to MPP~+-treated slices significantly increased dopaminergic neurons survival (P<0.01) and downregulated the transcription of α-syn mRNA significantly (P<0.05).Conclusion PF can effectively inhibit the injury of dopaminergic neurons induced by MPP~+ on brain slice of substantia nigra and downregulate the transcription of alpha-synuclein.