ABSTRACT
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signal pathway is a classical pathway of STING activation, and in recent years, its role in stimulating innate immunity has gradually attracted wide attention. Besides, cGAS can recognize and combine endogenous or exogenous DNA, then catalyze ATP and GTP to synthesize cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP), subsequently activate STING signal to promote type I interferon and inflammatory factors, finally induce natural and adaptive immunity. Existing studies have indicated that cGAS-STING signal pathway plays an important role in infections, inflammations and tumors, especially in high-grade gliomas with poor clinical treatment efficacy. Here, we briefly summarize the cGAS-STING signal pathway and its mechanism in brain tumors to provide new ideas for exploring therapeutic targets and drugs for brain tumors.
ABSTRACT
With the research and summary of the cases, the surgical indications, surgical procedures, and reference values for material selection for the surgical treatment of neonatal complex congenital heart disease are further refined, and the diagnosis and treatment system is further standardized and completed. In order to increase the success rate of surgery, reduce postoperative mortality and postoperative complications, many researchers have proposed improved surgical procedures, some of which have become mature technologies. In addition, in recent years, the surgical age of newborns has gradually advanced and the surgical weight has gradually decreased. In particular, the increasing application of Hybrid therapy has enabled some critically ill, premature, and low birth weight children to survive smoothly to accept surgical correction. This article will review the recent advances in the surgical treatment of neonatal complicated congenital heart disease.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo discuss the value of interrupted circular suture in hemostasis of placenta previa during cesarean section. Methods We summarized 54 caesarean section patients with placenta previa. Results The hemostasis was succeeded in all of the 9 patients and uterus was retained without postpartum complications. The duration of operation was obviously shorter than that of hysterectomy( P＜0.05). Bleeding and blood transfusion were less than that of hysterectomy, but without statistical difference (P＞0.05). ConclusionInterrupted circular suture is one of the efficient methods in controlling postpartum bleeding during caesarean section with placenta previa.