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1.
Chinese Herbal Medicines ; (4): 376-382, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982512

ABSTRACT

Ganoderma lucidum is a valuable medical macrofungus with a myriad of diverse secondary metabolites, in which triterpenoids are the major constituents. This paper introduced the germplasm resources of genus Ganoderma from textual research, its distribution and identification at the molecular level. Also we overviewed G. lucidum in the components, the biological activities and biosynthetic pathways of ganoderic acid, aiming to provide scientific evidence for the development and utilization of G. lucidum germplasm resources and the biosynthesis of ganoderic acid.

2.
Chinese Herbal Medicines ; (4): 592-601, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-953568

ABSTRACT

Objective: Spaceflight has long been perceived as an effective way to improve the quantity and quality of plants with wide applications. In order to obtain stable and inheritable descendants of spaceflight-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza lines, we investigated and analyzed four lines m16, m50, m51, m57 (three individuals of each line) and the ground control (three individuals) of the third generation of spaceflight-induced S. miltiorrhiza from primary/secondary metabolism and antioxidative abilities. Methods: A portable photosynthesis system (Li-6400) with red/blue LED light source was used to perform the photosynthetic characteristics to evaluate their primary productivity. The secondary metabolites (phenolic acids, tanshinones, total phenolics and flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of roots were analyzed to assess their quality. Results: Compared with control, line m16 presented weak photosynthetic ability, but high apparent quantum yield (AQY), higher contents of secondary metabolites, and stronger antioxidative abilities. Line m57 had a strong gas exchange ability, relatively higher secondary metabolites contents, and ascending antioxidative abilities. Lines m50 and m51 were in the middle level of lines m16 and m57. The principal component analysis for all the original data revealed three components including a root-related index, a leaf-related index, and a CO

3.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 1695-1705, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-927812

ABSTRACT

There are many bidirectional communication and crosstalk between microbes and host plants. The plant-pathogen interaction directly affects the survival of host plants, while the interaction between plants and their probiotics benefits both. Plant miRNA responds quickly to pathogenic or beneficial microbes when they enter the plant tissues, while microbes also produce miRNA-like RNA (milRNA) to affect plant health. These means miRNA or milRNA is an important fast-responding molecular mediator in plant-microbe interactions, and these internal mechanisms have been better understood in recent years. This review summarized the regulatory roles of miRNA in plant-pathogens and plant-probiotics interaction. The regulatory role of miRNA in disease resistance of host plants during plant-pathogens interaction, and the regulatory role of miRNA in promoting host growth and development during plant-probiotics interaction, as well as the cross-kingdom regulatory role of milRNA in host plants, were discussed in-depth.


Subject(s)
Disease Resistance , MicroRNAs/genetics , Microbial Interactions , Plants/genetics
4.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 631-643, 2018.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-690141

ABSTRACT

In recent years, gene engineering is developing rapidly and many recombinant proteins have been expressed. The use of plant bioreactor to express specific pharmaceutical proteins provides a new way for the prevention and treatment of some important diseases in human beings. Nowadays, chloroplast genetic transformation and expression system has become a research hotspot in plant bioreactor. Higher plant chloroplasts have unique advantages in the expression of recombinant proteins due to their special structures and inherited characteristics: such as high expression, site-specific integration, and the maternal inheritance characteristics of exogenous genes. The maternal inheritance of chloroplast is helpful for biological safety of transgene escaping by pollens. Many important pharmaceutical proteins have been successfully expressed in plant chloroplasts. As a chloroplast transformation model of higher plants, tobacco has made significant progress in the expression of pharmaceutical proteins, such as vaccine antigens, antibodies, and other important recombinant proteins. Chloroplast genetic transformation in higher plants also provides new techniques and methods for the study of chloroplast gene expression and regulation mechanisms. In order to provide a new idea for the development of chloroplast expression platform and the expression of important pharmaceutical proteins, this review outlined the progress of chloroplast genetic transformation system in higher plants, including the chloroplast transformation principle, vector construction, expression of recombinant proteins and important pharmaceutical proteins, and the effects of recombinant proteins expression on plant metabolism and traits.

5.
IJPR-Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2017; 16 (1): 357-365
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-187976

ABSTRACT

The root of Ophiopogon japonicus has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine and also a functional food ingredient for a long time in China. In the present study, 17 different homoisoflavonoid compounds were identified in the root extract of O. japonicus by HPLC-DAD and LCMS/MS analyses. The antioxidant activity of the of chloroform/methanol [1:1, v/v], methanol and 70% ethanol extracts, and two major isolated homoisoflavonoid compounds [methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone B] from O. japonicus root were investigated by various in-vitro assays. Methylophiopogonanone B showed the highest antioxidant ability according to four antioxidant methods. Among the extracts, the chloroform/methanol extract which contained high amounts of homoisoflavonoids was found to exhibit the strongest antioxidant activity. The results showed that O. japonicus root can be regarded as a potential source of homoisoflavonoids and natural antioxidant

6.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 222-230, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-242299

ABSTRACT

To investigate roles of nitric oxide (NO) signal in accumulations of phenolic acids in abscisic.acid (ABA)-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots, S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were treated with different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-an exogenous NO donor, for 6 days, and contents of phenolic acids in the hairy roots are determined. Then with treatment of ABA and NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxy-2-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1- oxyl-3-oxide, c-PTIO) or NO synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME), contents of phenolic acids and expression levels of three key genes involved in phenolic acids biosynthesis were detected. Phenolic acids production in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots was most significantly improved by 100 µmoL/L SNP. Contents of RA and salvianolic acid B increased by 3 and 4 folds. ABA significantly improved transcript levels of PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase), TAT (tyrosine aminotransferase) and RAS (rosmarinic acid synthase), and increased phenolic acids accumulations. However, with treatments of ABA+c-PTIO or ABA+L-NAME, accumulations of phenolic acids and expression levels of the three key genes were significantly inhibited. Both NO and ABA can increase accumulations of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. NO signal probably mediates the ABA-induced phenolic acids production.


Subject(s)
Abscisic Acid , Pharmacology , Benzofurans , Metabolism , Free Radical Scavengers , Pharmacology , Hydroxybenzoates , Metabolism , Nitric Oxide , Metabolism , Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase , Metabolism , Plant Roots , Metabolism , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Metabolism , Tyrosine Transaminase , Metabolism
7.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 2055-2060, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-338705

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the effects of different light quality on the growth, accumulation of active ingredients and enzymes activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The seedlings of S. miltiorrhiza were treated by different light quality, and relative parameters were measured. The data was statistically processed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Plant height was significantly decreased with supplemental blue light (WB), and the root length, root diameter, root fresh weight and root dry weight were significantly increased with supplemental red light (WR). Salvianolic acid B concentration in S. miltiorrhiza was highly increased by supplemental blue and red light, but tanshinone IIA concentration was not significantly affected by supplemental blue and red light. Enzymes activities of SOD, POD, PAL, TAT and PPO in S. miltiorrhiza were significant increased by supplemental blue light, and enzymes activities of POD, TAT and PPO were significant increased by supplemental red light.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The root growth of S. miltiorrhiza was greatly promoted by supplemental red light (WR). Salvianolic acid B concentration in S. miltiorrhiza was highly increased by supplemental blue and red light. Enzymes activities of TAT and PPO in S. miltiorrhiza were significant increased by supplemental blue light and red light.</p>


Subject(s)
Benzofurans , Light , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Chemistry
8.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 754-759, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-288712

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the function of ABA and fluridone on the contents of penolic acids and two key synthetases (PAL and TAT).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Conducted 4 different concentrations in the hairy root of Salvia miltiorrhiza after culturing 18 days and treated with fluridone. One day later, harvested the hairy root and measured the activity of PAL and TAT; Treatment for 6 days, gathered and determined the contents of phenolic acids.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In certain concentration of ABA, lower ABA could induced the production of growth and higher ABA inhibitor the growth in hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza; ABA induced the accumulation of caffeic acid considerably, and the effect on the contents of coffee acid show positive correlation; As for the RA and LAB, the low dosage of ABA simulated the production and higher ABA inhibited the production of them; the ABA biosynthetic inhibitor fluridone can decreases ABA's the effect; The different of ABA activated the activity of PAL and TAT, but the impact were discriminating, when treatment with ABA and fluridone, the inducing were declined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ABA induced the accumulation of.</p>


Subject(s)
Abscisic Acid , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Antioxidants , Metabolism , Biomass , Caffeic Acids , Metabolism , Herbicides , Pharmacology , Hydroxybenzoates , Metabolism , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase , Metabolism , Plant Roots , Pyridones , Pharmacology , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Time Factors , Tyrosine Transaminase , Metabolism
9.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 1269-1274, 2011.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-252928

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of a biotic elicitor fungal hyphae extract, an abiotic elicitor methyl jasmonate and their synergistic action on the accumulation of phenolic acids and tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Different elicitors were added to S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, which was subcultured for 21 days, the dry weight and contents of phenolic acids and tanshinones were determined at different harvest-time.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>S. miltiorrhiza hairy root growth was significantly inhibited by all three treatments and the accumulation of cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone were promoted by each elicition. As for the accumulation of phenolic acids, there were differences between fungal elicitor and methyl jasmonate treatments, they were promoted by methyl jasmonate while inhibited in a certain extent by fungal hyphae extract.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fungal elicitor, methyl jasmonate and their synergistic action have significant influence on accumulation of components in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, and the effect varies between phenolic acids and tanshinones. There is no correlation between production of water-soluble ingredients and fat-soluble components on the whole under three different treatments.</p>


Subject(s)
Acetates , Pharmacology , Cyclopentanes , Pharmacology , Abietanes , Metabolism , Fungal Proteins , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Hydroxybenzoates , Metabolism , Membrane Glycoproteins , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Oxylipins , Pharmacology , Phytophthora , Chemistry , Metabolism , Plant Extracts , Metabolism , Plant Roots , Metabolism , Microbiology , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Metabolism , Microbiology
10.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 2556-2560, 2010.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-279401

ABSTRACT

To establish HPLC chromatographic fingerprints to control the quality of Chinese herbal medicine. In this study, fingerprints were established based on HPLC-DAD chromatographs. And with these fingerprints, content variations of three important active components catalpol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acteoside in Rehmannia rhizome were analyzed during processing, as well as changes of the fingerprints. Fingerprints comparing with the standard prepared Rehmannia fingerprints which came from the mean of prepared ones randomly chosen for standard was done to seek optimal processing time. The results indicated that catalpol decreased quickly as braising prolonged and almost vanished in the end. While the active component of 5-HMF increased linearly throughout the process of braising. And the content of acteoside did not show obvious change. Similarity to standard prepared Rehmannia reached summit after braising for 26 hours. So 26 hours could be considered to be the optimum time for braising prepared Rehmannia. Chromatographic fingerprint is convenient for revealing changes of constituents and for accurately controlling quality during processing prepared Rahmannia.


Subject(s)
Chromatography , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Dermatoglyphics , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Furaldehyde , Chemistry , Glucosides , Chemistry , Iridoids , Chemistry , Phenols , Chemistry , Phytotherapy , Plant Preparations , Plant Structures , Rehmannia , Chemistry , Rhizome , Chemistry
11.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; (24): 2305-2307, 2009.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-307598

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the varieties of entophytes in different parts of Pinellia ternata.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The solidified plates were applied for the isolation of the endophytes, and three methods were used for the identification of endophytic fungi.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eighty four strains of the entophytes were isolated from the P. ternata collected from 3 habitations. Endophytic fungi were morphologically identified belonging to 15 genera, 4 families.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It indicated that the entophytes in P. ternata were diversity and rich, and there were some differences at quantity and species in different organs of P. ternata.</p>


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Fungi , Classification , Physiology , Phylogeny , Pinellia , Microbiology , Physiology , Symbiosis
12.
Zhongcaoyao ; Zhongcaoyao;(24)1994.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-575497

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the growth differences of Isatis indigotica sown in spring and autmn,reproductive identity and seedy condition of I.indigotica sown in various times,so as to provide the theoretical foundation for scientific standardization of cultivating process.Methods I.indigotica was sampled at a fixed period.At each stage,the growth of seedling and root system was recorded,blooming and seedy condition was recorded in efflorescence.Results The results showed that I.indigotica turned into genesial cycle after thermostage and the change of plant height and crown of I.indigotica were evidence.There was obvious differences between I.indigotica sown in different times.I.indigotica sown in spring grew better than that sown in autumn before efflorescence,but it grew worse than I.indigotica sown in autumn after seeding.Conclusion The weight of thousand seeds,average yield of single plant,and acre yield are different between the two ways for reserving seeds,but the difference of germination rate of seed is indistinctive,it will not influence the yield next year.The seed quality of I.indigotica sown in spring is better than that sown in autumn,but it must pay regard to the plant falling problem.The two ways are both feasible in the south of China while sown in spring is more suitable in the north of China.

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