ABSTRACT
Background: Acute bronchiolitis is the most common respiratory tract infection in young children. Despite the high prevalence of acute bronchiolitis, no consensus exists on the management. Studies have shown that except oxygen therapy, no other treatment found to be effective. Hence, the present study was conducted to find out the efficacy of nebulised 3% saline versus is 0.9% saline for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study of 150 children between the age group of 2 months to 24 months with signs and symptoms of Acute Bronchiolitis admitted to Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore from January 2016 to December 2016 formed the study group, they were randomized into 2 groups, one received 3% saline nebulization and the other received 0.9% saline.Results: A total of 150 children were enrolled in the study, 75 children (group A) received 0.9% saline and 75 children (group B) received 3% saline. At 24 hours, the mean clinical severity score for group A was 2.49'1.03 and group B was 2.16'0.49 (P=0.013). The duration of hospital stay was shorter (1-3 days) in 3% saline with a mean of 2.35 days and was longer (3-5 days) in 0.9% saline with mean value of 4.04 days which was statistically significant (p <0.001).Conclusions: 3% saline nebulization can be used as an effective treatment for acute bronchiolitis. It significantly reduced the clinical severity score and length of hospital stay compared to 0.9% normal saline.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The intravenous injection of rocuronium after loss of consciousness during induction of general anesthesia can cause a withdrawal movement of hand, arm or more than one extremity. We designed this study to examine diluted rocuronium (2 mg/ml) with 0.9% normal saline can reduce withdrawal movement. METHODS: Eighty healthy female patients (aged 19-63) scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of two groups; Group 1 (rocuronium 10 mg/ml) and Group 2 (rocuronium diluted to 2 mg/ml with 0.9% normal saline). After loss of consciousness and eyelid reflex by intravenous injection of thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg, rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) was injected at the speed of 1 ml/sec in both groups. The incidence and severity of withdrawal movements were assessed by using four-point scales. RESULTS: The incidence and severity of withdrawal movement in response to rocuronium injection were significantly reduced in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Dilution of rocuronium 10 mg/ml to 2 mg/ml with 0.9% normal saline was significantly effective for reducing withdrawal movement during induction of general anesthesia. This is a simple and effective strategy for preventing rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement.