ABSTRACT
Analisa práticas biométricas e biotipológicas do Gabinete Biométrico da Escola de Educação Física do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, presentes na Revista de Educação Física do Exército nas décadas de 1930 e 1940. Era preciso classificar, controlar periodicamente os resultados dos exercícios e medir aspectos morfológicos dos corpos. As classificações eram feitas segundo modelos estrangeiros, e buscava-se classificar tipo, qualidades e defeitos. A análise das práticas do Gabinete demonstra que biometria e biotipologia foram mobilizadas complementarmente pela educação física, objetivando a normatização dos corpos.
This paper analyzes biometrical and biotypological practices of the Biometric Cabinet of the Escola de Educação Física do Exército (Physical Education School of the Army) in Rio de Janeiro in the 1930s and 1940s, published in Revista de Educação Física do Exército. It was necessary to classify, monitor the results of the exercises periodically and measure morphological aspects of the bodies. The classifications were made in accordance with foreign parameters and an attempt was made to classify by type, quality and defects. The analysis of the practices of the Cabinet shows that biometrics and biotypology were complementary aspects of physical education, aiming at the standardization of bodies.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , Physical Education and Training , Biotypology , Biometry/history , Periodicals as Topic , Brazil , Exercise , Race FactorsABSTRACT
José López Sánchez (1911-2004). Desde 1925 se incorpora a las actividades revolucionarias, integrándose a la Generación del 30. Militante del Partido Comunista de Cuba, Brigadista Internacional, Comisario Político y Corresponsal de Guerra durante la Guerra Civil española. Historiador de la medicina. Al triunfo revolucionario, en 1961, ocupa el cargo de Viceministro de Salud Pública, logra la reapertura de la Cátedra de Historia de la Medicina y crea el Museo Histórico de las Ciencias Carlos J Finlay. Como historiador de las ciencias tiene una amplia bibliografía en la que se destacan sus libros: Vida y obra del médico habanero Tomás Romay y Chacón y Finlay y la verdad científica. Embajador en la India y Suiza. Director de Documentación del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. Su obra en el campo de la investigación histórica de las ciencias fue reconocida con el otorgamiento de la condición de Miembro de Honor de la Unión de Historiadores de Cuba y de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Historia de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Investigador de Mérito de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Premio Nacional de Ciencias Sociales 1999 y la Orden de Mérito Científico Carlos J Finlay. La Academia también le reconoce su magisterio en la enseñanza de la Historia de la Medicina y le otorga la condición de Profesor de Mérito del Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana
Jose Lopez Sanchez (1911-2004). Since 1925 he participated in revolutionary actions and became a member of the 30's Generation. He was militant of the Cuban Communist party, an international brigade member, political commissioner and war correspondent during the Spanish civil war and also medical historian. At the triumph of the revolution in 1961, he held the post of public health vice-minister, managed to re-open the Medical History department and created Carlos J. Finlay historical museum of sciences. As a historian of sciences, he has extensive bibliography of which outstanding books are Vida y obra del médico habanero Tomás Romay y Chacón and Finlay y la verdad cientifica. He was ambassador to India and Switzerland and Director of Documentation at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. His valuable work in the field of historical research of sciences deserved the award of Honor Member of the Union of Historians of Cuba and of the Latin American Society of Sciences and Technology History, Emeritus Researcher of the Academy of Sciences of Cuba, the National Prize of Social Sciences 1999 and the Order of Scientific Merit Carlos J. Finlay. The Academy also recognized his teaching work as professor of medical history and he was awarded as Emeritus Professor of the Higher Institute of Medical Sciences of Havana
Subject(s)
Faculty, Medical/history , Famous PersonsABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de debater o surgimento do campo de saber em alimentação e nutrição no Brasil, em termos de produção científica, tomou-se como objeto obras produzidas e publicadas entre 1934 e 1941, voltadas para difusão e aplicação da base conceitual e metodológica da alimentação racional. Tendo como referencial a teoria sobre a gênese social de campo, o estudo evidenciou a padronização de abordagem e do modus operandi dos intelectuais da área: a indicação de práticas intervencionistas de educação alimentar e nutricional destinadas a grandes contingentes, influenciadas por ideais socioeducacionais da época e pela ideia de educação como instrumento de redenção social.
In exploring the emergence of scientific scholarship on the field of eating and nutrition in Brazil, the article examines works produced and published from 1934 to 1941 that disseminated and sought to encourage application of the conceptual and methodological bases of rational eating. Employing theory on the social genesis of a field, the investigation reveals that intellectuals in the area relied on a standardized approach and modus operandi: the indication of interventionist practices in eating and nutritional education which targeted large numbers of people and were influenced by the era's social and educational ideas and by the notion of education as a tool for social redemption.