ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) promotor region gene,plasma tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA)and PAI-1 on patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism(APTE).Method Fifty-two patients with APTE were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of traditional enviromnent risk facters,and there were26 patients in each gnup,and auother 57 healthy indiriduals as controls were analyzed.The genotypos of subjects were determined for the 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene using polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.Plasma PAI-1 and tPA were measured by ELISA.Results(1)The ratio of 4G/4G genotype in group without traditional environment risk factors was much higher than that of the other two groups.(2)Plasma t-PA decreased and plasma PAI-1 elevated significantly in group without traditional environment risk factors compared with that of the other two groups.(3)Except the 5G homozygous,plasma PAI-1 level in group without traditional environgment risk factors was significantly higher than the other two groups.There existed correlation between 4G allele and plasma PAI-1.Conclusions 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene is associated with AFFE.4G/4G genotype increases the risk of APTE for individuals without traditional risk factors.There are hypercoagulation and hypofibrinolysis in APTE patients without traditional risk factors.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: 4G allele of one base pair insertion/deletion polymorphism (4G/5G) at plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was associated with increased plasma activity of PAI-1. Increased plasma PAI-1 activity was associated with increase risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there was a controversy whether 4G allele increases the risk of CAD. We investigated relationship between 4G/5G genetic polymorphism and CAD in Korean population. METHODS: We studied 453 patients-145 patients with normal coronary angiogram (NL), 106 with stable angina (SA), 104 with unstable angina (UA) and 98 with myocardial infarction (MI)-characterized by coronary angiography. RESULTS: 1) Korean had higher 4G allele frequency than Caucasian (4G:5G=0.60:0.40 in Korean). 2) There were no allele or gene frequency difference of 4G/5G polymorphism between CAD group and NL group (4G:5G=0.61:0.39 in CAD, 0.59:0.41 in NL, p=0.58). 3) 4G allele was not associated with increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (4G:5G=0.60:0.40 in SA, 0.59:0.41 in UA, and 0.57:0.43 in MI, p=0.84). 4) 4G allele had no influence on progression of coronary artherosclerosis (4G:5G=0.58:0.42 in single vessel disease, 0.58:0.42 in two vessel disease, and 0.56:0.44 in three vessel disease, p=0.82). 5) 4G was not an independent risk factor of CAD even after adjusted with other risk factors. CONCLUSION: In Korean, 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene has no relationship with development, progression of coronary artery disease.