ABSTRACT
Introduction : This is a research innovation that aims to provide an additional therapeutic tool. It will open up a vast panorama of regenerative medicine by application of Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs). ADMSCs are selected since a large amount is available for lipoaspiration and a larger percentage (30%) of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) obtainable there from. The applications in clinical practice extend across Mesoderm, Endoderm and Ectoderm layers1. Material and Methods : There are three products that can be derived from the lipoaspirate. They are (1) Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), (2) Islet Cell Aggregates (ICAs) Translated from ADMSCs, (3) and ADMSCs with ~95% purity. They are deployed to illustrate the safety and efficacy in clinical trials for (1) Mesoderm Translation as in Osteoarthritis Knee, (2) Endoderm translation to Insulin-producing Cells as applicable to diabetes, and (3) Ectodermal Translation as applicable on Non-healing Indolent Ulcers on the Skin. Results : All three products are found safe with no adverse side effects. Proof of concept studies along with initial clinical trials for Osteoarthritis, Diabetes Types I and II, and Non-healing ulcer of any aetiology is demonstrated with objective evidence. Discussion : The evidence based on the results of the clinical trials across all three Germinal Layers is cited along with literature support. Results are explained based on a plausible scientific hypothesis. Conclusion : The study enunciates that Autologous SVF and ADMSCs are in futuristic domain for conducting clinical trials across all the three Germinal Layers.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: One of the most cellular source used for cartilage tissue engineering are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In present study, human MSCs were used as cellular source. Since scaffold plays an important role in tissue engineering the aim of this study is to assess fibrin scaffold ability in chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). METHODS: ADMSCs were isolated and cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Also ADMSCs expanded and characterised by flow cytometry. ADMSCs expressed CD44, CD90, CD105 but not CD34. After trypsinization, cells were entered within the fibrin scaffold. Then, chondrogenic medium was added to the scaffold. Seven days after cell culture, cell viability and proliferation were assessed by MTT test. Finally, 14 days after the ending of chondrogenic differentiation, analysis of chondrogenic genes expression was evaluated by RT-PCR and Real time PCR. Also, formation and development of chondrocyte cells was analysed by histological and immunohistochemistry evaluations. RESULTS: Viability and proliferation as well as chondrogenic genes expression within fibrin scaffold increased significantly compared with control group (cells free scaffold). Also, histological and immunohistochemistry evaluation showed that chondrocyte cells and collagen type II are formed on fibrin scaffold. CONCLUSIONS: Fibrin is a suitable scaffold for chondrogenic differentiation of ADMSCs.