The effects of hydrogymnastics on functional autonomy in elderly women: a meta-analysis

Aim: To Verify the effects of hydrogymnastics on functional autonomy in elderly women. Method: In November 2018, a systematic review of the literature was performed in the databases MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS, PEDro, Cochrane, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS e CINAHL. Two independent researchers selected randomized clinical trials, which evaluated the effects of hydrogymnastics over healthy elderly women performance on functional tests performance on functional tests. From each study they selected the number of participants in both experimental and control groups (EG and CG), age, intervention protocol, mean and standard deviation before and after the intervention for the following variables: legs and biceps muscular strength, posterior muscle chain extensibility, and agility - all of which compose the functional autonomy on Rikli and Jones test. We analyzed the methodological quality and the risk of bias through the Jadad Scale and the Cochrane tool respectively. We performed the data analysis through the random effects model and the mean difference between CG and EG. The analysis of the publication bias was done with Egger Test. Results: We found a total of 887 studies in the aforementioned databases, and five randomized clinical trials were included in the present meta-analysis. In spite of the evidence level is very low, the hydrogymnastics promoted an increase in agility and leg muscle strength in elderly women.(AU)

Interferência da intensidade da atividade aquática nos níveis de pressão arterial em mulheres adultas e idosas / Interference of intensity of aquatic activity levels in blood pressure in adult and old women

Objetivos: Comparar os efeitos de programas de treinamento aeróbico e resistido com atividade aquática moderada e vigorosa nos níveis de pressão arterial em mulheres adultas e idosas normotensas ou hipertensas controladas sem medicação.Métodos: A amostra foi intencional, constituindo-se o Grupo 1 de 9 mulheres, com idade média de 54,56±7,04 anos, que realizavam atividade aquática moderada (60-70% da frequência cardíaca máxima) e o Grupo 2 de 11 mulheres com idade média de 54,91±7,70 anos, que realizavam atividade aquática vigorosa (70-80% da frequência cardíaca máxima). Os dois grupos foram analisados quanto à pressão arterial durante um período de dois meses e meio de tratamento, totalizando 20 atendimentos para cada grupo. As sessões ocorriam com frequência de duas vezes por semana, com duração de 50 minutos cada aula. A intensidade do exercício era estabelecida conforme a frequência cardíaca máxima de cada indivíduo. A análise dos resultados foi feita por estatística inferencial utilizando o teste t de Student para amostras independentes e pareadas, com significância menor que 5%.Resultados: O Grupo 1 obteve uma diferença média intergrupo de pressão arterial sistêmica entre o início e o final do estudo de -5,56 mmHg, enquanto o Grupo 2 apresentou diferença de +6,91 (p<0,001). Em relação à pressão arterial diastólica, a diferença média intergrupo do Grupo 1 foi de -3,50 e para o Grupo 2 de +3,18 (p=0,011).Conclusões: A atividade aquática moderada foi mais eficiente que a vigorosa para a redução dos níveis pressóricos em mulheres adultas e idosas...

Aims: To compare the effects of aerobic training programs and resistance to aquatic moderate and vigorous activity in blood pressure levels in adult and elderly women, normotensive or hypertensive controlled without medication.Methods: Sample was intentional, with Group 1 constituted of 9 women, mean age 54.56±7.04 years, who underwent moderate aquatic activity (60-70% of maximum heart rate) and Group 2 constituted of 11 women with mean age 54.91±7.70 years, who performed vigorous aquatic activity (70-80% of maximum heart rate). The two groups were analyzed for blood pressure over a period of 2 ½ months of treatment, a total of 20 attendances for each group. The sessions occurred with a frequency of twice a week, lasting 50 minutes each class. Exercise intensity was set as the maximum heart rate of each individual. Analysis was made by inferential statistics using Student t test for independent and paired samples, with significance lower than 5%Results: Group 1 had a mean difference of intergroup blood pressure, between the beginning and end of the study, of -5.56 mmHg, whereas Group 2 showed a difference of +6.91 (p<0.001). In relation to diastolic blood pressure, the average intergroup difference of group 1 was -3.50 and for group was 2 +3.18 (p=0.011).Conclusions: Moderate water activity was more efficient than vigorous water activity for reduction of bloodpressure in adults and elderly women...