ABSTRACT
Introducción: La comprensión y el descubrimiento para alcanzar el conocimiento científico forman parte primordial de un investigador. El papel del docente universitario en la formación y motivación de estudiantes investigadores resulta determinante −especialmente en su etapa de ingreso a las instituciones de educación superior− en este nuevo siglo, en el que se discute la mejor manera de lograr que estos se conviertan en protagonistas de los cambios que se están produciendo en el mundo. Objetivo: Reflexionar acerca del papel del docente universitario en la formación de investigadores para mejorar el desarrollo académico desde las primeras etapas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las bases de datos Medline, Scielo, Redalyc y Google Académico. Se revisó el material de 70 fuentes y, finalmente, se seleccionaron 29 artículos. Conclusiones: Los docentes constituyen el primer vínculo de relación docente-estudiante en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en las instituciones de educación superior. La investigación debe ser el eje básico primordial en las mallas curriculares de todas las carreras universitarias para formar profesionales competentes, ya que la investigación y el conocimiento científico contribuyen al progreso de las naciones(AU)
Introduction: Understanding and discovery to achieve scientific knowledge are a fundamental part of a researcher. The role of the university professor in the training and motivation of research students is decisive, especially in their stage of admission into higher education institutions, in this new century, in which discusses the best way is discussed to make them become protagonists of the changes that are taking place worldwide. Objective: To reflect on the role of the university professor in the training of researchers to improve academic development from the early stages. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in the databases Medline, Scielo, Redalyc and Google Scholar. The material from 70 sources was reviewed and 29 articles were finally selected. Conclusions: Professors are the first link of the student-teacher relationship in the teaching-learning process in higher education institutions. Research must be the primary basic axis in the curricular design of all university majors to train competent professionals, since research and scientific knowledge contribute to the progress of nations(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Paper , Students , Comprehension , Faculty , LearningABSTRACT
Objective To observe the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine health maintenance books in the past. Method Based on the General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books, the author did a bibliometrics analysis from the year of the ancient literature of the TCM health preservation, the year and type of the version, the distribution of the second class of the health maintenance, the unique books of ancient books in health maintenance, the collection in the series and Collected Taoist Scriptures and other issues. Results Of the 551 kinds of works of health maintenance embodied in the General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books, 404 kinds were completed before 1911, including 3 in the Han Dynasty, 1 in the Three Kingdoms Period, 2 in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, 1 in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and 23 in the Tang Dynasty, 16 in the Song Dynasty, 20 in the Yuan Dynasty, 155 in the Ming Dynasty,and 183 kinds in the Qing Dynasty. The distribution of edition year was 1 in the Yuan Dynasty, 155 in the Ming Dynasty, 182 in the Qing Dynasty, 155 in the Republic of China, and 47 unknown. The versions were mainly wood-block edition, lithograph, stereotype edition, manuscript, and copied manuscript. There were different types of second class, including 309 kinds of general theory of health-maintenance, 157 kinds of Daoyin and Qigong, and 85 kinds of alchemy. There were 224 kinds of unique books, accounting for 40.65％ of the total amount of 551 kinds of books of traditional Chinese medicine, among which 95 kinds were included in the series, and 109 kinds were included in Collected Taoist Scriptures, Quotes of Taoist Canon, Taoist Essence, and Taoist Collection. Conclusions The Health monographs reflect the development of TCM health maintenance level, the ideological culture, and social changes in different historical periods, which is of great value in the history of TCM health maintenance.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La Universidad tiene como una de sus tareas conocer a los estudiantes, ya que en la medida que nuestro sistema de educación logre tener mayor información sobre el perfil de éstos y sus trayectorias escolares, se podrán diseñar e implementar políticas novedosas y funcionales que atiendan las necesidades específicas de su población. Objetivo: Analizar el perfil de los estudiantes que ingresan a la Licenciatura en Enfermería de México. Las Facultades de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala y Zaragoza. Método: Estudio descriptivo-transversal, con estudiantes de primer ingreso de la generación 2011-I de la FES Zaragoza e Iztacala. La población de estudio fueron 600 alumnos. La recolección de la información fue a través de un cuestionario. La confiabilidad del instrumento fue de 0.875 con la prueba de Alfa de Cronbach. Para el manejo de la información se elaboró una base de datos con el programa SPSS® y se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: El 49% de alumnos proviene de pase reglamentado, el promedio de ingreso es de 8.1 a 9.0; en el 61% Enfermería fue primera elección; el nivel socioeconómico de los alumnos es bajo; en el 74% el promedio durante el primer año fue de 8.0 a 10.0. Discusión: A diferencia de otras Carreras de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), la de Enfermería da cabida a casi el 50% de los aspirantes de escuelas externas a ella. Los alumnos aún cuando son de nivel socioeconómico bajo, reúnen características favorables para su trayectoria escolar, entre ellas, un buen promedio y que fueron admitidos en la Carrera que seleccionaron.
Introduction: The University has as one of its tasks to better know the profiles and trajectories of students, so that supporting innovative and functional policies can be designed and implemented. Objective: To analyze the profile of students enrolling into the Nursing Undergraduate System at the Iztacala and Zaragoza Superior Studies Faculty. Method: Basic-descriptive study with freshmen students of the 2011-I generation of the Nursing Bachelors Degree program at the FES Zaragoza and Iztacala. the population was 600 alumni. A questionnaire was used to gather data. the instrument reliability was equivalent to a 0.875 Cronbach Alpha score. A SPSS® database was created and data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: The 49% of the students came from the "automatic pass" format. The enrollment grade point average went from 8.1 to 9.0. For the 61% of the students, nursing was their first choice of major. The socioeconomic level of the students was low. The 76% of the students obtained a grade point average between 8.0 and 10.0 during all their freshman year. Discussion: Unlike other careers at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Nursing accepts almost 50% of the prospects from external schools, situation which does not occur in other careers. Although the majority of students who entered have a low social-economical level, they have other favorable characteristics for their school trajectory such as a good grade point average and that they were accepted in the career that they chose.