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Objective@#To investigate the distribution characteristics and functional genes of cariogenic bacteria in oral microorganisms of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to improve the understanding of the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and dental caries.@*Methods@#The experimental group included 10 patients with type 2 diabetes treated in the Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. The normal control group included healthy oral subjects without type 2 diabetes in the community population (10 cases). Samples of supragingival plaque from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal controls were collected and sequenced. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis of cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces viscosus and Candida albicans were carried out.@*Results@#There were slightly fewer cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces viscosus and Candida albicans in supragingival plaque samples of type 2 diabetic patients than in normal controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The results of KEGG pathway functional metabolic differences showed that the metabolic pathways of D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism, biofilm formation-Escherichia coli, carolactam degradation and arginine biosynthesis were more abundant in the T2DM group than in the normal control group, while metabolic pathways such as tyrosine metabolism, selenocompound metabolism and pyruvate metabolism showed the opposite trend. @*Conclusion @#There was no significant difference in the content of cariogenic microorganisms between type 2 diabetic patients and normal control group. The differential metabolic pathways of the functional genes indicated that an increase in the arginine metabolic pathway was beneficial to the maintenance of acid-base balance in the oral microecological environment.
ABSTRACT
Aim: In the present study, the antibacterial activity of the Ethanol Extract of Propolis (EEP), collected from various regions (Mendoza, Santiago del Estero, and Corrientes) in Argentina, against Streptococcus mutans ATCC® 35668™ and Actinomyces viscosus ATCC® 15987™ (MicroBioLogics Inc., USA) was investigated. Methods: Identification of geographic and botanical origin was based on a reconnaissance survey. Phytochemical screening of propolis was carried out on ethanolic extracts using standard methods to identify the constituents (aluminum chloride colorimetric method, Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, thin layer chromatography). The agar diffusion method (discs and wells) and serial dilution method (plates and tubes) were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of EEP. Results: EEP exerted various degrees of antibacterial activity against S. mutans and A. viscosus, depending on the geographic area of collection. Phytochemical screening showed that the bioactive compounds correspond to phenolic compounds and flavones. EEP from Tunuyán (Mendoza), where the most abundant vegetation belongs to Populus sp., showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (220.92±2.01 mg/g) and flavonoids (30.39±0.25 mg/g). This sample showed the most profound antibacterial activity among the EEP tested. By the agar-well diffusion method, we found a high susceptibility with an inhibitory halo of 11.25 ± 4.68 mm and 10.90 ± 4.21 mm against S. mutans and A. viscosus, respectively. It also presented low Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values against S. mutans (MIC 0.05 mg/mL - MBC 0.46 mg/mL) followed by A. viscosus (MIC 0.11 mg/mL - MBC 0.93 mg/mL). Conclusions: The combined results from all methods indicated that S. mutans is more susceptible to the effect of the Tunuyán EEP than A. viscosus.(AU)
Objetivo: En el presente estudio, fue investigada la actividad antibacteriana de los Extractos Etanólicos de Propóleos (EEP), coleccionados de diversas regiones (Mendoza, Santiago del Estero, Corrientes) de Argentina, contra Streptococcus mutans ATCC® 35668™ y Actinomyces viscosus ATCC® 15987™ (MicroBioLogics Inc., USA.). Métodos: La identificación del origen geográfico y botánico se basó en el estudio de reconocimiento. El tamizaje fitoquímico de propóleos se llevó a cabo en extractos etanólicos utilizando métodos estándar para identificar los componentes (método colorimétrico de cloruro de aluminio, método colorimétrico de Folin-Ciocalteu, cromatografía en capa fina). El método de difusión en agar (discos y pocillos) y métodos de diluciones en serie (placas y tubos) se llevaron a cabo para evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de los EEP. Resultados: EEP ejercieron diversos grados de actividad antibacteriana contra S. mutans y A. viscosus, dependiendo de la zona geográfica de recolección de propóleos. El tamizaje fitoquímico mostró que los compuestos bioactivos corresponden a compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides. El EEP de Tunuyán (Mendoza), donde la vegetación más abundante pertenece a Populus sp., mostró el mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos (220.92±2.01 mg/g) y flavonoides (30.39±0.25 mg/g) y la más importante actividad antibacteriana entre los EEP estudiados. Por el método de difusión en agar en pocillos, se apreció una alta susceptibilidad con un halo inhibidor de 11,25 ± 4,68 mm y 10,90 ± 4,21 mm frente a S. mutans y A. viscosus, respectivamente. Se observaron valores bajos de Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima y valores mínimos de concentración bactericida contra S. mutans (CIM 0,05 mg/ml - CBM 0,46 mg/ml) seguido de A. viscosus (CIM 0,11 mg/ml - CBM 0,93 mg/ml). Conclusiones: Los resultados combinados de todos los métodos indicaron que S. mutans es más susceptible a los efectos de EEP que A. viscosus.(AU)
Subject(s)
Actinomyces viscosus , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Propolis , Streptococcus mutansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Bacterial adhesion is closely related to the surface properties of cobalt-chromium al oys, and therefore, the surface modification technology has become the focus of research in this area. OBJECTIVE:To verify whether the cobalt-chromium al oy with zirconium nitride coating can improve the bacterial adhesion of metal denture materials. METHODS:Magnetron sputtering deposition method was used to plate zirconium nitride film on the surface of cobalt-chromium al oys (experimental group), and cobalt-chromium al oy specimens uncoated served as control group. Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and Actinomyces viscosus were respectively inoculated on the two kinds of test specimen, and at end of culture, the colony counting was done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the bacterial adhesion test, the number of colonies of three kinds of bacteria in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The number of bacterial adhesion in the control group was significantly higher than that in the experimental group. These findings indicate that the cobalt-chromium al oy covered with zirconium nitride coating can significantly reduce the adhesion amount of Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans and Actinomyces viscosus, and thus improve bacterial adhesion properties of cobalt-chromium al oys.
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砄bjective:To observe streptococcus sanguis (S.s) and Actinomycetes viscosus (A.v) in oral plaque biofilm formation.Methods:20 ml of saliva obtained from a health adult was centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 10 000 r/min for 10 min.The supernatant was disinfected in 60 ℃ water bath for 30 min.Glass coverslips in the size of 24 mm?24 mm were immersed into the saliva supernatant for 2 h to obtain biofilm.100 ?l of S.s ATCC 34 and A.v ATCC 19246 mixture cultured in TSB at the density of 10 5～6 CFU/ml was added into 20 ml of TSB,and then,the coverslips with biofilm were put into the mixture.The biofilm and bacteria were observed by scanning confocal laser microscopy at various times.Resuts:The biofilm reached the thickness of 15.4 ?m in 8 h and the clumps of the bacteria were mostly in the midle layer of the biofilm.The biofilm increased to 34.3 ?m in 16 h and became tassle like in 48 h.Conclusion: S.s and A.v may play some roles in the oral biofilm formation.