Effect of synthetic peptide cSN50.1 on the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its mechanism / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cSN50.1 on the proliferation， migration， invasion， and colony formation of HepG2 cells and its mechanism. MethodsHepG2 cells were divided into cSN50.1 0 μmol/L， cSN50.1 10 μmol/L， cSN50.1 30 μmol/L， cSN50.1 50 μmol/L， cSN50.1 70 μmol/L， and cSN50.1 90 μmol/L groups， and CCK－8 assay was used to investigate the effect of different concentrations of cSN50.1 on the proliferation of HepG2 cells and calculate half－maximal inhibitory concentration （IC50）. HepG2 cells were divided into cSN50.1 0 μmol/L， cSN50.1 10 μmol/L， cSN50.1 30 μmol/L， and cSN50.1 50 μmol/L groups， and wound healing assay， Transwell assay， and colony－forming assay were used to investigate the effect of different concentrations of cSN50.1 on the migration， invasion， and colony formation of HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were divided into Control group， SP600125 group （an inhibitor of the AP－1 signaling pathway）， and cSN50.1 group to investigate the influence of the AP－1 signaling pathway on the effect of cSN50.1 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells， and RT－PCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of CXCL5， TNF－α， and c－Jun protein in cytoplasm and nucleus. HepG2 cells were divided into Control group， PDTC group （an inhibitor of the NF－κB signaling pathway）， and cSN50.1 group to investigate the influence of the NF－κB signaling pathway on the effect of cSN50.1 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells， and RT－PCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of CXCL5， TNF－α， and NF－κB protein in cytoplasm and nucleus. A one－way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the SNK－q test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the 0 μmol/L group， the 10 μmol/L group had no significant changes in proliferation， migration， invasion， and colony formation abilities （P >0.05）； the 30 μmol/L group had no significant change in proliferation ability （P>0.05）， but with significant reductions in migration， invasion， and colony formation abilities （P<0.05）； the 50 μmol/L group had significant reductions in proliferation， migration， invasion， and colony formation abilities （all P<0.01）； the 70 μmol/L and 90 μmol/L groups had a significant reduction in cell proliferation ability （P<0.01）， but with a cell survival rate of below 50%. Compared with the Control group， the SP600125， PDTC， and cSN50.1 groups had significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of CXCL5 and TNF－α （all P<0.05）. Compared with the Control group， the SP600125 group， the PDTC group， and the cSN50.1 group had a significant reduction in nuclear protein of c－Jun and NF－κB expression （P<0.05）； the SP600125 group and the PDTC group had a significant reduction in cytoplasmic protein of c－Jun and NF－κB expression （P<0.05）； the cSN50.1 group had a significant increase in cytoplasmic protein of c－Jun and NF－κB expression （P<0.05）. ConclusionThis study shows that cSN50.1 can inhibit the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and reduce the expression of CXCL5 and TNF－α by inhibiting the nuclear import of c－Jun and NF－κB in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Team sports, running, walking: activity-specific associations with perceived environmental factors in adolescents / Esportes coletivos, corrida, caminhada: associações específicas de atividades com fatores ambientais percebidos em adolescentes

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the association between the practice of different types of physical activity (PA) with perceived environmental factors in boys and girls adolescents. Were evaluated 1,130 adolescents from Porto Alegre, Brazil. To evaluate different PA, students answered whether or not they practiced walking, running, team sports, and others general PA. Perceived environmental factors were assessed through Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (NEWS-Y). Analyses were performed using logistic regression. Adolescents who reported perceiving a distance up to 20 minutes to walking/running track, had their chances of practicing all types of PA increased in the total sample and for girls. For walking, it was also found an association with access in adolescents. For girls, it was found an association between shortest distance to indoor recreation or exercise facility and other playing fields/court with running and team sports. Aesthetics and road safety were associated with team sports in adolescents. Other general PA were associated with park, bike/hiking/walking trails in the total sample and for girls. Therefore, for each type of PA, specific associations of perceived environmental factors were found.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação entre a prática de diferentes tipos de atividade física (AF) com fatores ambientais percebidos em meninos e meninas adolescentes. Foram avaliados 1.130 adolescentes de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Para avaliar diferentes AF, os alunos responderam se praticavam ou não caminhada, corrida, esportes coletivos e outras AF em geral. Fatores ambientais percebidos foram avaliados pelo Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth. As análises foram realizadas por meio de regressão logística. Adolescentes que relataram perceber uma distância de até 20 minutos para pista de caminhada/corrida tiveram suas chances de praticar todos os tipos de AF aumentadas na amostra total e para as meninas. Para caminhada, também foi encontrada associação com o acesso em adolescentes. Para as meninas, foi encontrada uma associação entre a menor distância para instalações de exercícios e outros campos de jogos/quadra com corrida e esportes coletivos. A estética e a segurança de ruas foram associadas com esportes coletivos em adolescentes. Outras AF gerais foram associadas com parque e trilhas de bicicleta/caminhada na amostra total e para meninas. Portanto, para cada tipo de AF, foram encontradas associações específicas de fatores ambientais percebidos.

Socioenvironmental factors and behaviors associated with negative self-rated health in Brazil

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with negative self-rated health in Brazil. The sample consisted of 5,259 adults from five representative capitals of the five regions of Brazil. Data collection was achieved in the following municipalities: Palmas (North Region), João Pessoa (Northeast Region), Goiânia (Central-West Region), Vitória (Southeast Region) and Florianópolis (South Region). For the analysis of the data, Binary Logistic Regression for determine the factors associated with negative self-rated health was used. Negative self-rated health was identified in 31.43% of Brazilians. The factors that were significantly associated were bad air quality, does not have public spaces for leisure, older age group, insufficient salary to cover expenses, a rare practice of physical exercises, does not perform healthy eating, active commuting for study or employment and commuting time for above 30 minutes, dissatisfaction with health services and still, not working, not looking for a job and finally, reside in some Brazilian regions. The study presents the importance of socioenvironmental and behavioral factors for the self-rated health of Brazilian adults, as well as it shows high rates of negative self-rated health compared to other studies.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os fatores associados à percepção negativa de saúde no Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 5.259 adultos de cinco capitais representativas das cinco regiões do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos seguintes municípios: Palmas, João Pessoa, Goiânia, Vitória e Florianópolis. Para analisar os dados, utilizou-se da Regressão Logística Binária para determinar os fatores associados. Identificou-se percepção negativa de saúde em 31,43% dos brasileiros. Os fatores que foram significativamente associados foram: má qualidade do ar, não possuir espaços públicos de lazer, faixa etária mais avançada, salário insuficiente para cobrir despesas, prática rara de exercícios físicos, não realizar alimentação saudável, deslocamento ativo para estudo ou emprego, tempo de deslocamento acima de 30 minutos, insatisfação com os serviços de saúde, não trabalhar e não estar procurando emprego e, por fim, residir nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo apresenta a importância de fatores socioambientais e comportamentais para a percepção da saúde de adultos brasileiros e mostra altos índices de percepção negativa de saúde em comparação com outros estudos.

Effects of the built environment on physical activity: a systematic review of longitudinal studies taking sex/gender into account

BACKGROUND@#Individual health behavior is related to environmental and social structures. To promote physical activity (PA) effectively, it is necessary to consider structural influences. Previous research has shown the relevance of the built environment. However, sex/gender differences have yet not been considered. The aim of this systematic review was to identify built environmental determinants of PA by taking sex/gender into account.@*METHODS@#A systematic literature search was carried out using six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SportDiscus, PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Knowledge) to identify studies analyzing the effect of changes in the built environment on PA, taking sex/gender into account. To be included, studies had to be based on quantitative data and a longitudinal study design. Changes in the built environment had to be objectively assessed. The methodological quality of the studies was examined using the QualSyst tool for examining risk of bias.@*RESULTS@#In total, 36 studies published since 2000 were included in this review. The data synthesis revealed that the majority of reviewed studies found the built environment to be a determinant of PA behavior for both, males and females, in a similar way. Creating a new infrastructure for walking, cycling, and public transportation showed a positive effect on PA behavior. Findings were most consistent for the availability of public transport, which was positively associated with overall PA and walking. The improvement of walking and cycling infrastructure had no effect on the overall level of PA, but it attracted more users and had a positive effect on active transportation. In women, the availability of public transport, safe cycling lanes, housing density, and the distance to daily destinations proved to be more relevant with regard to their PA behavior. In men, street network characteristics and road environment, such as intersection connectivity, local road density, and the presence of dead-end roads, were more important determinants of PA.@*CONCLUSION@#This review sheds light on the relevance of the built environment on PA. By focusing on sex/gender differences, a new aspect was addressed that should be further analyzed in future research and considered by urban planners and other practitioners.

Naturally derived sulforaphene inhibits proliferation of mantle cell lymphoma by down-regulating CRM1 expression / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the expression level of chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1) in mantle cell lymphoma, and to explore the possible mechanism of naturally derived sulforaphene LFS-01 inhibiting the proliferation of mantle cell lymphoma cells. Methods: The expression of CRM1 in mantle cell lymphoma was analyzed by Oncomine data mining. After treatment with LFS-01, the viability of mantle cell lymphoma JeKo-1 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay, the nuclear transport function of CRM1 protein was measured by laser confocal microscopy, the expression of CRM1 protein was detected by Western blotting, the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were analyzed by FCM and transmission electron microscopy, the expression change of apoptosis pathway-related proteins was detected by Western blotting, and the impact of caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FAM on the effects of LFS-01 was detected by CCK-8 assay and FCM. Lentiviral infection was used to establish a stable JeKo-1 cells expressing mutant CRM1 (C528S), then the effects of LFS-01 on the nuclear transport function of CRM1 and the proliferation of JeKo-1 cells were detected by laser confocal microscopy and CCK-8, respectively. The transcriptional level in JeKo-1 cells after LFS-01 treatment was detected by RNAseq, and the viability of JeKo-1 cells treated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) inhibitor TAK-242 and LFS-01 was measured by CCK-8 assay. Results: CRM1 was overexpressed in mantle cell lymphoma (P < 0.05). LFS-01 inhibited the proliferation of JeKo-1 cells, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 24 h and 48 h were 5.81 μmol/L and 9.09 μmol/L, respectively. 20.0 μmol/L LFS-01 inhibited the nuclear transport function of CRM1 (P < 0.05), 6.0 μmol/L LFS-01 down-regulated the expression level of CRM1 (P < 0.05), 10.0 μmol/L LFS-01 induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induced apoptosis (both P < 0.05), and 4 μmol/L LFS-01 up-regulated the expression levels of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 (all P < 0.01). The caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FAM reversed the apoptosis-induction effect of LFS-01 (P < 0.01). CRM 1 mutation eliminated the effects of LFS-01 on CRM1 function and cell proliferation (both P < 0.05). LFS-01 inhibited the cell proliferation-related pathways (P < 0.01), and TLR inhibitor TAK-242 combined with LFS-01 had synergetic inhibitory effect on JeKo-1 cells (P < 0.01). Conclusion: LFS-01 can inhibit the growth of mantle cell lymphoma cells through inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and CRM1 is essential in this process. In addition, LFS-01 and TLR inhibitor TAK-242 have synergetic inhibitory effect on mantle cell lymphoma cells.

The effect of matinal active walking on cognitive, fine motor coordination task performances and perceived difficulty in 12-13 young school boys

The current study examined the relationship between cognitive performances (executive function, selective attention and reaction time), fine motor coordination skills and perceived difficulty after active transport to school. Method: Fifteen right-handed children's underwent session, 15-min walking session at 30% (WS1) and 15-min walking session (WS2) at 50% of maximal aerobic speed. Subjects performed tests to evaluate executive function, reaction time and selective attention. After each trial, a questionnaire of perceived difficulty (PD) was completed. Results: Average time in TMT part A (F(2,22) = 4.44; p = 0.024; η2= 0.288) and TMT part B (F(2,22) = 4.54; p = 0.022; η2= 0.292), and committed errors (F(2,22) = 7.78; p = 0.003; η2= 0.414) was improved after walking sessions in comparison by CS. The mean scores were significantly higher after walking sessions for both long and short-distance throws (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between committed errors (TMT part B) and both dart throwing consistency and accuracy (r = - 0.6; r = - 0.64; p < 0.05) (respectively). Post-hoc analysis showed that PD was better after walking sessions with low intensity for both short and long throwing distance. However, it seems that walking session with sustained intensity allows speed and accuracy improvement of cognitive processing. Conclusion: Thus, active walking to school with low intensity was sufficient to produce positives changes in psychomotor performance and decrease in perceived difficulty scores. By including individual differences in gross motor coordination as well as physical activity level, the exact nature of the link between psychomotor skills and cognitive performance could be more addressed.(AU)

Location of recombinant adenovirus Ad5/F35-HF2S and its interaction with Bcr-Abl in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells / 肿瘤

Objective: To testify the location of recombinant adenovirus Ad5/F35-HF2S in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and its interaction with the fusion protein Bcr-Abl. Methods: The recombinant adenovirus Ad5/F35-HF2S was infected into K562 cells, then the expression of fusion protein HF2S in K562 cells was assessed by RT-PCR (reverse transcription-PCR) and Western blotting. The location of HF2S protein in K562 cells was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and Western blotting assay. The immunofluorescence was performed to verify the co-localization of HF2S and Bcr-Abl. The co-immunoprecipitation assay was employed to detect the interaction between HF2S and Bcr-Abl. Results: The leukemia cell line K562 was effectively infected by the adenovirus Ad5/F35-HF2S. The fusion protein HF2S and Bcr-Abl were co-located and interacted with each other in the cytoplasm. Conclusion: HF2S can be successfully expressed and interacted with Bcr-Abl in the cytoplasm of K562 cells. These results provide the basement of the targeted therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Continuous citric acid secretion by a high specific pH dependent active transport system in yeast Candida oleophila ATCC 20177

The pH influence on continuous citric acid secretion was investigated in Candida oleophila ATCC 20177 (var.) under NH4+ limiting state steady conditions, using glucose. Highest citric acid concentration of 57.8 g/l, citrate/isocitrate ratio of 15.6, space-time yield of 0.96 g/(l x hr) and biomass specific productivity of 0.041 g/(g x hr) were obtained at pH 5 and 60 hrs residence time. Only 22.8 g/l (39.4%) and a ratio of 9.9 were achieved at pH 6 pH and 12.4 g/l (21.5%) and a ratio of 3.7 at pH 3. Under non producing conditions, in excess of nitrogen, biomass concentration increased at raising pH. An iron concentration of 200 ppm was determined in biomass of C. oleophila at pH 5, compared with only 26 ppm found at pH 3 (factor 7.7). Intra- and extracellular concentrations of citrates and glucose confirmed the existence of a high specific, pH dependent active transport system for citrate secretion, while isocitrate isn’t a high-affine substrate, displaying a strong correlation with ATP/ADP ratio. Differences between extra- and intracellular concentration of citrate higher than 1 and up to about 60 were determined. The active transport systemfor citrate excretion appears to be the main speed-determining factor in citrate overproduction by yeasts.

Variation of pH and Electrolyte in Nasal Secretum / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND: Airway secretions partly arise from the interstitial fluid and partly from the secretory activities of respiratory epithelium and submucosal gland. The flow of water across the tracheobronchial epithelium is likely to be an important determinant of the efficiency of mucociliary clearance. Water movement across the epithelium is thought to follow active ion transport passively by means of the osmotic gradients created. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether Na, K, and Cl are transported actively by the epithelium of nasal mucosa and to evaluate an effect of the tracheostomy on changes of pH and electrolytes in nasal secretum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: pH and Na, K, and Cl values were estimated in 35 samples (20 tracheostomized patients and 15 normal persons) of nasal secretum and plasma. RESULTS: On 15 normal persons, Mean pH value was 7.43, Na 143.2, K 4.2 and Cl 109.1(mEq/L) in plasma and Mean pH value was 7.81, Na 139.7, K 11.5 and Cl 127.5(mEq/L) in nasal secretion. On 20 tracheostomized patients, pH 7.49, Na 140.2, K 3.8, and Cl 108.7(mEq/L) in plasma were estimated, and pH 7.88, Na 128.5, K 12.0, and Cl 121.5(mEq/L) were estimated in nasal secretum. In nasal secretum pH, K, and Cl were higher than in plasma by +0.39, +8.2 and +12.8(mEq/L) respectively, while Na was lower -11.6(mEq/L). We had the same result on normal persons as on tracheostomized patients. The results show that pH, K and Cl were higher in nasal secretion and Na was lower than in plasma. CONCLUSION: Significant difference of pH and electrolyte values in nasal secretion was not observed between normal person and tracheostomized patient.

Effect of Carteolol Hydrochloride on Sodium-Potassium Activated ATPase in Cattle Lena Epithelial Cell Membrane

The effect of Carteolol hydrocholride on the Na-K ATPase of anterior capsule and epithelium of cattle lens has been investigated. The experiments were also designed to determine the action of Carteolol hydrochloride on the Na-K ATPase activity in anterior capsule and epithelium of cattle lens. The following results were observed. 1. The predominent location of Na-K ATPase was located in the epithelim and NaK ATPase was closely related with active trasport system of sodium and potassium in the lens epithelium. 2. The activity of Na-K ATPase of cattle lens epithelium was alomst totally inhibited by Ouabain. 3. Beta-adrenergic blocking agent(Carteolol hydrochloride) in the epithelium of cattle lens was shown to be actively transported by the ATPase. 4. The Na-K ATPase activity of cattle lens epithelium was inhibited by Carteolol hydrochloride.