ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la relación entre cognición y capacidad funcional en el adulto mayor. Método: Investigación descriptiva transversal, correlacional, realizada en 2015-2016 en La Libertad (Perú) con 1110 adultos mayores de 60 años y más, ambos sexos, aptos o no física y mentalmente, quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y aceptaron voluntariamente participar en el estudio. Se midieron las variables cognición con el Minimental State Examination (MMSE) de Folstein y cols, la capacidad funcional con el indice de Katz para actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) y la escala de Lawton y Brody para las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD). Recolectada la información, se hizo un análisis bivariado para determinar la relación entre las variables utilizando la prueba chi cuadrado. Resultados: El mayor porcentaje (22.7%) de los adultos fue 60-64 años, 58.8% mujeres, 47.4% con instrucción primaria, 93.6 % cognición normal, y 83,4 y 60 % fueron independientes en actividades básicas de la vida diaria y en actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria, respectivamente. Existe relación altamente significativa entre cognición y capacidad funcional de las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (x2=206.0 valor p= 0.000) y actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (x2=289.0 valor p= 0.000). Conclusiones: Existe una íntima relación entre la cognición y la capacidad funcional a través de las actividades de la vida diaria determinantes importantes para el envejecimiento saludable y bienestar en la vejez, y para enfermería son desafíos promover y/o mantener estos determinantes al nivel más alto posible.
SUMMARY Objective: To determine the relationship between cognition and functional capacity in the elderly. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive, correlational research conducted in 2015-2016 in La Libertad (Peru) with 1110 adults over 60 years of age and older, both sexes, physically or mentally fit or not. who met the inclusion criteria and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. The variables were measured: cognition with the Minols State Examination (MMSE) of Folstein and cols., and the functional capacity with the Katz index for basic activities of daily living (ABVD) and the Lawton and Brody scale for activities instruments of daily life (AIVD). Once the information was collected, a bivariate analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the variables using the chi-square test. Results: The highest percentage (22.7 %) of the elderly were 60-64 years old, 58.8 % women, 47.4 % with primary education, 93.6 % normal cognition, and 83.4 % and 60 % were independent in basic life activities daily, and in instrumental activities of daily life, respectively. There is a highly significant relationship between cognition and functional capacity of the basic activities of daily life (x2 = 206.0 p-value = 0.000) and instrumental activities of daily life (x2 = 289.0 p-value = 0.000). Conclusions: There is an intimate relationship between cognition and functional capacity through the activities of daily life important determinants for healthy aging and well-being in old age, and for nursing it is challenges to promote and / or maintain these determinants at the highest possible level.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Activities daily living (ADL) disability has a direct influence on the patients' quality of life and on the amount of care needed. It is major factor of care in dementia patients. So Korean Dementia Association suggested guideline about activities of daily living in dementia patients in 2013. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of this. METHODS: A total of 110 subjects were enrolled. Assessments included age, sex, education level of patients and caregiver, the duration of disease, pattern of family, economic status. We divided "active practice" group and "passive practice" group by recognition of guideline contents after study. We compared two groups before and after by Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version (S-GDS), Korean version of Zarit's Burden Interview (ZBI-K), Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living scale (ADCS-ADL). Finally, we investigate the level of satisfaction about our guideline. RESULTS: Age of patients, the duration of disease was lower and education level of caregiver and economic status was higher in "active practice group". The pattern of family also differed from two groups. It was observed distinct difference between the variations of two groups in S-GDS, ZBI-K, and ADCS-ADL. The level of satisfaction about our guideline was very high. CONCLUSION: Considering these results, our guideline about activities of daily living is effective to manage dementia patient. Active application of it is needed in clinic or center for dementia.