Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
1.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2)Maio-Ago. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1424869

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a predição de suicídios entre adolescentes a partir da última década pré-pandêmica em Mato Grosso. Método: trata-se de estudo ecológico e retrospectivo. A coleta de dados ocorreu em janeiro de 2021, referente ao recorte temporal de 2009 a 2019. Utilizou-se dados secundários do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade via Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Mato Grosso. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o programa STATA 14.0. Resultados: a predição de suicídios entre os adolescentes de Mato Grosso revelou predominância do sexo masculino, cor não branca e com oito anos ou mais de escolaridade. Os suicídios em Mato Grosso apresentam estabilidade em relação ao sexo. Quanto a cor, o Centro-Oeste possui maior disparidade quando comparado ao Mato Grosso. Todavia, ambos exibem comportamentos epidemiológicos semelhantes na escolaridade. Conclusão: a partir da última década pré- pandêmica, previu o crescimento de casos de suicídios entre adolescentes em Mato Grosso, e que não se assemelha à totalidade do perfil esperado para a região Centro-Oeste.


Objective: to analyze the prediction of suicides among adolescents from the last pre-pandemic decade in Mato Grosso. Method: this is an ecological and retrospective study. Data collection took place in January 2021, referring to the time frame from 2009 to 2019. Secondary data from the Mortality Information System via the Mato Grosso State Health Department were used. For data analysis, the STATA 14.0 program was used. Results: the prediction of suicides among adolescents in Mato Grosso revealed a predominance of males, non-white and with eight or more years of schooling. Suicides in Mato Grosso show stability in relation to gender. As for color, the Midwest has greater disparity when compared to Mato Grosso. However, both exhibit similar epidemiological behavior in schooling. Conclusion: from the last pre-pandemic decade, it predicted the growth of suicide cases among adolescents in Mato Grosso, which does not resemble the entire profile expected for the Midwest region.


Objetivo: analizar la predicción de suicidios entre adolescentes de la última década pre-pandemia en Mato Grosso. Método: se trata de un estudio ecológico y retrospectivo. La recolección de datos ocurrió en enero de 2021, con referencia al período de 2009 a 2019. Se utilizaron datos secundarios del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad a través de la Secretaría de Estado de Salud de Mato Grosso. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el programa STATA 14.0. Resultados: la predicción de suicidios entre los adolescentes de Mato Grosso reveló un predominio del sexo masculino, no blancos y con ocho o más años de escolaridad. Suicidios en Mato Grosso muestran estabilidad en relación al género. En cuanto al color, el Centro-Oeste tiene mayor disparidad en comparación con Mato Grosso. Sin embargo, ambos exhiben un comportamiento epidemiológico similar en la escolaridad. Conclusión: a partir de la última década previa a la pandemia, se predijo el crecimiento de los casos de suicidio entre los adolescentes de Mato Grosso, lo que no se asemeja a todo el perfil esperado para la región del Centro- Oeste.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Suicide/ethnology , Suicide/psychology , Mental Health , Mental Health/ethnology , Adolescent Behavior/ethnology , Students , Health Profile , Forecasting
2.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 35(1): 68-79, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356304

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The long incubation periods of cardiovascular diseases offer opportunities for controlling risk factors. In addition, preventive interventions in childhood are more likely to succeed because lifestyle habits become ingrained as they are repeated. Objective To investigate the effects of recreational physical activities, in combination or not with a qualitative nutritional counseling, in cardiometabolic risk factors of students with dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. Methods Students (8-14 years old) were randomly divided into three groups (n=23 each): i ) Control; ii ) PANC, students undergoing Physical Activity and Nutritional Counseling, and iii ) PA, students submitted to Physical Activity, only. Blood samples (12-h fasting) were collected for biochemical analysis and anthropometric markers were also assessed. Two-Way RM-ANOVA and Holm-Sidak's test, and Friedman ANOVA on Ranks and Dunn's test were applied. P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Effect sizes were evaluated by Hedges' g and Cliff's δ for normal and non-Gaussian data, respectively. Results Compared to the control group and to baseline values, both interventions caused significant average reductions in total cholesterol (11%; p <0.001), LDL-c (19%; p=0.002), and non-HDL-c (19%; p=0.003). Furthermore, students in the PANC group also experienced a significant decrease in body fat compared to baseline (p=0.005) and to control (5.2%; g=0.541). Conclusions The proposed strategies were effective to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. The low cost of these interventions allows the implementation of health care programs in schools to improve the students' quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Food and Nutrition Education , Dyslipidemias/prevention & control , Obesity, Abdominal/prevention & control , Cardiometabolic Risk Factors , Life Style , Quality of Life , Students , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Exercise , Delivery of Health Care , Dyslipidemias/diet therapy , Adolescent Nutrition , Obesity, Abdominal/diet therapy
3.
Infectio ; 23(2): 176-182, abr.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-989949

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Detectar el virus Epstein-Barr en estudiantes de secundaria entre los 14 y 17 años de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia y su posible asociación con la edad, sexo y grado escolar. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal en donde se analizaron 374 muestras de saliva, tomadas entre el año 2015 y 2016, mediante PCR convencional y PCR en Tiempo real. Se evalúo la asociación entre la detección del ADN viral y las características demográficas, además de un análisis de razón de oportunidades para evaluar la medida de la asociación. Resultados: El ADN viral fue detectado en el 45% (167/374) de las muestras orales, encontrándose una presencia viral mayor en los escolares de los grados octavo y noveno (p=0,004); en donde los estudiantes de 14 años presentaron un riesgo de 2,4 veces mayor para la detección del virus (IC 95%:1,12-4,9) en comparación con los estudias de más edad. Conclusión: En el presente estudio se evidencio la exposición del VEB en la cavidad oral de estudiantes de secundaria, lo cual hace necesario que se tomen acciones de vigilancia que permitan monitorear las implicaciones de estos hallazgos en la salud de los escolares.


Objective: To detect the Epstein Barr virus in adolescent students between 14 and 17 years old in the city of Cali, Colombia and its possible association with age, gender and school grade. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study where 374 mouthwash samples collected between the years 2015 and 2016 was analyzed through conventional and real-time PCR. Association between viral DNA detection and sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated. The odds ratio analysis was used to assess the extent of this association. Results: The viral DNA was present in 45% (167/374) of the samples, with a higher DNA detection in the students of eighth and ninth grades (p=0.004); where the 14 years old students present a 2.4 times higher risk of detecting the virus (IC 95%: 1,12-4.9) in comparison with older students. Conclusion: In the present study, the Epstein Barr virus exposition in the oral cavity was evidenced, which make necessary to take actions on surveillance that allow monitoring the implications of these fndings in the teenage student's health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Viruses , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Mouth , Students , Demography/classification , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Colombia , Mouthwashes
4.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 28(spe): e169, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1014695

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the perception of harm and benefits of marijuana associated with the use of marijuana in high school students aged between 15 and 17 years. Method: quantitative, transversal, descriptive and correlational design. The sample consisted of 268 students from public educational institutions between the ages of 15 and 17 years from five communes in the Chilean province of Concepción. The independent variables were biodemographic (sex, age and course), age of onset, use of marijuana in friends, perception of harm and benefits, and intention to use marijuana). The dependent variables were use (smoking) of marijuana (prevalence of life, in the last 12 months and in the last 30 days). Data collection instrument consisted of a semi-structured questionnaire in base of the CICAD Uniform Inter-American Data System for high school students; Monitoring The Future; and Risk Perception. Self-applied instrument with prior consent of the parents and agreement of the students. Results: slightly more than half (54%) of the students reported never having smoked marijuana, but 46% have ever used some in their lives. There is a moderated-negative weak correlation between harm perception and marijuana use. It is also observed a moderated-negative weak correlation between benefit perception and marijuana use. Statistically significant correlations Conclusion: just under half of the students between 15 and 17 years old declare to consume marijuana, an alarming result due to the negative effects of marijuana. Furthermore, they perceive low levels of damage produced by the use of marijuana, and the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes is seen in a favorable position. A comprehensive policy of effective drug prevention at community, family and personal level is imperative.


RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a percepção de danos e benefícios da maconha associada ao uso de maconha entre estudantes do ensino médio com idade entre 15 e 17 anos. Método: desenho quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional. A amostra foi de 268 estudantes de estabelecimentos públicos de ensino com idades entre 15 e 17 anos, provenientes de cinco comunas da Província de Concepción do Chile. As variáveis independentes foram biodemográficas (sexo, idade e curso), a idade de início, o uso de maconha em amigos, a percepção de danos, e os benefícios e a intenção de usar maconha. As variáveis dependentes foram o uso (tabagismo) da maconha (prevalência de vida, nos últimos 12 meses e nos últimos 30 dias). O instrumento de coleta de dados foi composto por um questionário semiestruturado do Sistema Interamericano de Dados Uniforme da CICAD para estudantes do ensino médio; Monitoring The Future, e a Percepção de Risco. Instrumento autoaplicado com o consentimento prévio dos pais e a concordância dos alunos. Resultados: pouco mais da metade (54%) dos estudantes relatou nunca ter fumado maconha, mas 46% já o usaram em suas vidas. Existe uma correlação moderada entre a percepção do dano e o uso da maconha. Observamos também uma correlação moderada negativa entre a percepção de benefícios e o uso de maconha. Correlações estatisticamente significantes. Conclusão: pouco menos da metade dos estudantes entre 15 e 17 anos declara consumir maconha, resultado alarmante devido aos efeitos negativos da mesma. Além disso, eles percebem poucos danos sobre o uso de maconha, e uma posição favorável é vista para o uso de mesma para fins medicinais. Uma política abrangente de prevenção efetiva de drogas na comunidade, na família e no nível pessoal é imperativa.


RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la percepción de daño y beneficios de la marihuana asociados con el uso de marihuana en estudiantes de e nseñanza media con edades entre los 15 y 17 años. Método: diseño cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra fue de 268 estudiantes de establecimientos educacionales públicos con edades entre los 15 a 17 años, de cinco comunas de la Provincia de Concepción de Chile. Las variables independientes fueron biodemográficas (sexo, edad y curso), edad de inicio, uso de marihuana en amigos, percepción de daño y de beneficios, e intención de uso de marihuana). Las variables dependientes fueron uso (fumar) de marihuana (prevalencia de vida, en los últimos 12 meses y en los últimos 30 días). El instrumento recolector de datos se conformó de un cuestionario semiestructurado del Sistema Interamericano de Datos Uniformes de la CICAD para estudiantes de secundaria; Monitoring The Future; y Percepción de Riesgo. Instrumento autoaplicado previo consentimiento de los padres y asentimiento de los estudiantes. Resultados: un poco más de la mitad (54%) de los estudiantes refirieron nunca haber fumado marihuana, pero sí un 46% ha consumido alguna vez en la vida. Existe una correlación moderada negativa débil entre percepción de daño y uso de marihuana. También se observó una correlación moderada negativa débil entre percepción de beneficios y uso de marihuana. Correlaciones estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: poco menos de la mitad de los estudiantes entre 15 y 17 años declaran consumir marihuana, resultado alarmante por los efectos negativos de la marihuana. Además, ellos perciben bajo daños que produce el consumo de marihuana, y se aprecia una posición favorable al uso de la marihuana con fines medicinales. Es imperante una política integral de prevención de drogas efectiva a nivel comunitario, familiar y personal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Students , Cannabis , Smoking , Illicit Drugs , Adolescent
5.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 35(3): 314-324, jul.-sep. 2015. mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-765460

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las infecciones por Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae son las dos infecciones bacterianas de transmisión sexual más frecuentes en el mundo, principalmente en menores de 25 años, en cuya salud sexual, reproductiva y materno-infantil producen secuelas. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de las infecciones por C. trachomatis y N. gonorrhoeae entre adolescentes en colegios de la provincia de Sabana Centro, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de corte transversal en adolescentes de 14 a 19 años matriculados en colegios ubicados en los 11 municipios de la zona de estudio. Después de obtener el consentimiento informado, los participantes llenaron una encuesta y recolectaron una muestra de orina para la detección de C. trachomatis y N. gonorrhoeae mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real. Resultados. En una muestra de 972 adolescentes sexualmente activos, se encontró una prevalencia de infección por C. trachomatis del 2,24 % y, por N. gonorrhoeae , del 0,10 %. No se detectaron infecciones concomitantes. De las estudiantes positivas para C. trachomatis , el 21,4 % eran asintomáticas. Se encontró una relación significativa entre la infección por C. trachomatis y el sexo femenino, el consumo de alcohol u otras sustancias durante la última relación sexual, el tener una o varias parejas y la presencia de alguna infección de transmisión sexual. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de infecciones por C. trachomatis fue inferior a la reportada en grupos similares y se presentaron menos casos asintomáticos en comparación con la tendencia general. Se recomienda implementar en el país un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica para estas dos infecciones de transmisión sexual mediante la tamización con técnicas moleculares no invasivas, para priorizar estrategias preventivas en las poblaciones de mayor riesgo.


Introduction: Infections by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the two most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in the world. These infections affect principally less than 25-year-old individuals with sexual, reproductive and maternal and child health consequences. Objective: This study sought to estimate the prevalence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae among high school students in the 11 municipalities of the Sabana Central area of Cundinamarca, Colombia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 14 to 19-year old adolescents attending schools in the study area. After signing their consent, participants completed a questionnaire and provided a urine sample for the detection of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the sample of 972 sexually active adolescents, the prevalence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae was 2.24% and 0.10%, respectively. No co-infections were detected. Overall, 21.4% of women who tested positive for C. trachomatis were asymptomatic. Significant relationships were found between C. trachomatis infection and female gender, the consumption of alcohol or other substances during the previous sexual relationship, having one or more partners and the presence of sexually transmitted infections. Conclusions: The prevalence of C. trachomatis detected in this study was lower than the prevalence reported for similar groups; besides, contrary to the general trends, fewer asymptomatic cases were identified in this study. To prioritize preventive strategies in high-risk populations, an epidemiological surveillance system for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae should be implemented in Colombia, with screening performed using non-invasive molecular techniques.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Students/statistics & numerical data , Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology , Gonorrhea/epidemiology , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification , Sexual Behavior , Urine/microbiology , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Chlamydia Infections/microbiology , Gonorrhea/microbiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adolescent Behavior , Colombia/epidemiology , Unsafe Sex , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Geography, Medical
6.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641835

ABSTRACT

Este trabajo se focaliza en el estudio de las significaciones del estudio y de la escuela, en jóvenes que se encuentran cursando el nivel medio, considerando tres momentos de la trayectoria escolar: primero, tercero y quinto año. La metodología de la investigación es cuantitativa. Se tomaron 1546 cuestionarios autoadministrables a alumnos de escuelas medias públicas de la C.A.B.A., de los cuales 707 eran mujeres y 839 varones. El promedio de edad en primer año fue de 14 años; en tercer año de 16 años y en quinto año de 18 años. Las pruebas utilizadas fueron Significación del Estudio y Significación de la Escuela. Utilizando el test no paramétrico y la prueba de comparaciones múltiples de Kruskal Wallis, se encontró que la significación del estudio y de la escuela de la población de primer año es distinta a la de tercero y quinto.


This paper focuses in the study of the meanings of study and school in young people who are attending middle level, considering three moments of the scholastic trajectory: first, third and fifth year. The investigation's methodology is quantitative.1546 self-managing questionnaires were taken to students attending public secondary schools of the C.A.B.A, of which 707 were women and 839 were men. The average age in first year was of 14 years; in third year of 16 years and fifth year of 18 years. Using the non-parametric test and the test of multiple comparisons of Kruskal Wallis, we conclude that the meaning of study and school of the population attending the first year is different from the one of third and fifth year.

7.
Investig. psicol ; 6(1): 25-49, 2001. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-905615

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo informa sobre un estudio descriptivo-comparativo realizado en una muestra de 1320 estudiantes adolescentes residentes en tres áreas geográficas de Argentina: Buenos Aires, Tucumán y Patagonia. Los sujetos respondieron dos tipos de técnicas: una pregunta abierta que solicitaba una breve descripción sobre el principal problema vivido en los últimos seis meses y la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes ( ACS). Los datos se analizan según región, edad y sexo, indicándose las principales diferencias encontradas. El análisis estadístico de la ACS permitió encontrar cuatro factores que explican el 54% de la varianza. Los estudiantes adolescentes reportan como más frecuentes problemas personales, familiares, educativos y relacionados con pérdidas afectivas.


Data gathered in a descriptive-comparative study on 1320 Argentine adolescent students are reported. Samples include subjects living in three different geographical regions: Buenos Aires, Tucumán and Patagonia. Two psychological assessment techniques were used: an open question requiring a brief description of the most important problem faced in the last six months and the Adolescents Coping Scale (ACS) in its Spanish version. We present data analyzed by sex, age and region, pointing out main differences found. Four factors that explain 54% of ACS total variance were differentiated. Adolescent students report with higher frequencies problems related to family, school, afective losts and personal conflicts.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Risk Assessment/methods , Ethnology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL