ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La prematuridad es considerada actualmente una prioridad en salud pública para algunos países. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia del parto prematuro y sus determinantes, en una población de gestantes adolescentes y adultas, que tuvieron su único o último parto en la Fundación Hospital San José de Buga, Colombia, entre los años 2010 a 2015. Métodos. Estudio de casos y controles realizado con 11.881 neonatos mujeres adolescentes y adultas. Los datos fueron analizados en Stata® 11.0, empleando para variables cuantitativas, mediana o promedio y sus medidas de dispersión, comparadas mediante pruebas t, Ranksum, ANOVA o Kruskal Wallis, de acuerdo a su distribución y para variables categóricas; medidas de frecuencia absolutas y relativas, comparadas mediante Pruebas de Chi2 o exacta de Fisher. Para estimar las asociaciones empleamos Odds Ratio con sus intervalos de confianza de 95% y para el análisis multivariado la regresión logística. La significancia estadística fue definida como un valor p<0,05. Resultados. La prevalencia de prematuridad fue 11,4%. Después del análisis multivariado, los determinantes asociados a prematuridad fueron etnia indígena-afrocolombiana o mulato, número de controles prenatales igual o inferior a 6, periodo intergenésico inferior a 2 años, embarazo múltiple, preeclampsia, oligohidramnios, restricción del crecimiento intrauterino y hemorragia del tercer trimestre (incluye desprendimiento prematuro de placenta). Conclusiones. La prematuridad es el resultado de una compleja red de determinantes individuales, sociales, culturales y gestacionales que interactúan, por lo que para su prevención se debe no sólo trabajar en medidas de salud, sino en elaboración de políticas y planes de acción integral.
Background: Prematurity is currently considered a public health priority for some countries. Objective: To describe the prevalence of preterm birth and its determinants in a population of adolescent and adult mothers who had their sole or last delivery in the Fundación Hospital San José de Buga, Colombia, between 2010-2015. Methods: Case-control study conducted with 11,881 infants adolescent and adult women. The data were analyzed in Stata 11.0, using quantitative, medium or average and dispersion measures variables compared using t tests, Ranksum, ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis, according to distribution and for categorical variables, frequency measurements absolute and relative, compared with Chi2 tests or Fisher exact. To estimate associations employ odds ratio with confidence intervals of 95% and multivariate analysis logistic regression. Statistical significance was defined as p <0.05. Results: Prematurity prevalence was 11.4%. After multivariate analysis, the determinants associated with prematurity were indigenous-Afro-Colombian or mulatto ethnicity, number of prenatal visits equal to or less than 6, less than two years intergenesic period, multiple pregnancy, preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, IUGR and bleeding of the third quarter (includes abruption). Conclusions: Prematurity is the result of a complex network of individual, social, cultural and gestational determinants that interact, so that prevention is due not only work on health measures, but in developing policies and plans integral action.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Obstetric Labor, Premature/epidemiology , Social Determinants of Health , Age Distribution , Analysis of Variance , Case-Control Studies , Colombia/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 16 mujeres adultas que vivían en hogares disfuncionales, pertenecientes al local 32 del Policlínico "Carlos J. Finlay" del municipio Camagüey de la provincia de igual nombre, desde enero hasta mayo del 2013, con vistas a caracterizar los tipos de violencia contra las féminas adultas en las relaciones de pareja. La recolección del dato primario se efectuó mediante un cuestionario confeccionado al efecto. Se obtuvo un predominio del nivel escolar técnico medio y de la violencia psicológica infligida por los esposos, aunque también estuvieron presentes la violencia física y la sexual.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 16 adult women who lived in dysfunctional homes, belonging to the local 32 of "Carlos J. Finlay" Polyclinic of Camagüey municipality of the same name province was carried out from January to May, 2013, with the objective of characterizing the types of violence against adult females in couple's relationships. The gathering of the primary data was carried out by means of a questionnaire made to this effect. A prevalence of mid-technician school level was obtained and of the psychological violence used by the husbands, although physical and sexual violence were also present.
Subject(s)
Violence Against Women , Interpersonal Relations , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
Tinea capitis occurs mostly in the children and rarely affects adults. The most common cause of tinea capitis is known as Microsporum canis. Trichophyton rubrum is an anthropophilic, commonest dermatophyte affecting man but rarely involves the scalp and hair. A 19-year-old woman, current judo player, presented with 1-month history of hair loss and erythematous scaly macules with brownish crusts on her scalp. The patient was diagnosed as tinea capitis caused by T. rubrum based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the fungus culture. As T. rubrum rarely causes tinea capitis, we assumed this patient might have had contact with T. rubrum on the ground or other players while playing judo, which could be described as tinea gladiatorum.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Arthrodermataceae , Fungi , Hair , Martial Arts , Microsporum , Scalp , Tinea , Tinea Capitis , TrichophytonABSTRACT
A anemia ferropriva é a doença nutricional de maior prevalência no mundo, atingindo 20 por cento a 30 por cento da população. As mulheres, gestantes ou não, fazem parte dos grupos considerados vulneráveis. Entre as possíveis causas da anemia por deficiência de ferro, as perdas sanguíneas menstruais constituem o principal fator de anemia ferropriva da mulher adulta. A proposta deste estudo é rever as causas da anemia na mulher adulta, principalmente decorrente de sangramentos uterinos, assim como o diagnóstico e adoção de medidas preventivas.
Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disease in the world, affecting from 20 to 30 percent of the population. Women, both pregnant and otherwise, are included as groups considered vulnerable. Among the possible causes of iron-deficiency anemia, menstruation blood loss is the main cause of iron-deficiency anemia in adult women. The purpose of this study was to review the causes of anemia in adult women, in particular in relation to uterine blood loss including the diagnosis and the adoption of preventive measures.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Iron Deficiencies/diagnosis , Iron Deficiencies/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Retroperitoneal teratomas, which were found occasionally in children but very rarely in adults, occur mainly at the upper pole of left kidney and diagnosed after they grow very enormously. Authors experienced one case of about 20 cm-size retroperitoneal teratoma, which occurred to a 30-year-old postpartum woman at the left upper pole of kidney.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Kidney , Postpartum Period , TeratomaABSTRACT
Neste texto as autoras relatam uma experiência desenvolvida no Serviço de Assistência Especializada em DST/AIDS de Porto Alegre, onde uma delas atua. Aborda a mulher na fase adulta enfocando sexualidade, reprodução e vulnerabilidade em relação às DST´s, principalmente a infecção pelo HIV. A metodologia empregada consta de um levantamento de dados a partir do retorno ao serviço, para o recebimento do preservativo feminino no período de um ano. Os sujeitos são mulheres soropositivas vinculadas ao serviço. Os resultados apontam que a adesão ao preservativo é incipiente e a adoção do método exige uma mudança de comportamento das mulheres em fase de desenvolvimento anterior a fase adulta, assim como a importância da conscientização dos profissionais sejam eles da Educação ou da Saúde.
In this article, the authors report an experience developed in the Specialized Care Sevice on STD/AIDS from Porto Alegre, where one of them works. It approaches adult women, emphasizing sexuality, reproduction and vulnerability concerning STDs, mainly HIV infection. The methodology used is a data survey starting from the return to the service in order to receive female condoms within one year. Subjects are HIV-positive women linked to the service. Results show that the use of this method is incipient and that its adoption demands a change in behaviour from women already in an early stage of their development, prior to adult age, and that there is a huge importance of raising awareness among professionals, either in Education or Health fields.
En este texto las autoras relatan una experiencia desarrollada en el Servicio de Asistencia Especializada en DST/AIDS de Porto Alegre , donde una de ellas actúa. Trata de la mujer en la fase adulta enfocando sexualidad, reproducción y vulnerabilidad respecto a las DST's sobretodo la infección por el SIDA. La metodología empleada constó en levantar los datos a partir del momento en que la mujer volvía a la consulta, para recibir los condones femeninos durante un año. Los sujetos son mujeres soropositivas vinculadas al servicio. Los resultados apuntan que la adhesión al preservativo es incipiente y adoptar el método exige un cambio de comportamiento de las mujeres en la fase de su desarrollo anterior a la fase adulta, así como la importancia de la concienciación de los profesionales, sean ellos de Educación, sean de la Salud.