ABSTRACT
The China Foundation of Hepatitis Prevention and Control (CFHPC) initiated a project named, "getting to zero mother-to-child transmission of Hepatitis B," in July 2015, which aims to further reduce the incidence of mother-to-child transmission through standardized follow-up management of pregnant women and their infants with chronic hepatitis B virus infection by means of mobile medical application. Over the past three years, the project has established a nationwide collaborative network for interruption of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus, with 123 hospitals as project members. In addition, it has formulated a technical guidance document (Clinical Management Algorithm for Interrupting Mother-to-Child Transmission of HBV), which is designed and developed as a mobile medical application (SHIELD APP), and was released in an international conference on the theme to eliminate viral hepatitis. Following the measures mentioned above, the public's awareness rate of hepatitis B have been raised, and a good social atmosphere has been formed, which has played a positive role in promoting the prevention and control of viral hepatitis in China.
ABSTRACT
The World Health Organization(WHO)has set the goal to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030, and the key to achieve this ambitious goal lies on the standardized and precise management of pregnant women and their infants by effectively blocking mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Standardized management includes screening and antiviral intervention during pregnancy, infant immunization, and evaluation of immune effect, breastfeeding and mode of delivery. The results of randomized controlled clinical trials and real-world data have confirmed that the comprehensive prevention strategy based on combined immune prophylaxis of neonates can effectively block MTCT of HBV. It is one of the key links to eliminate viral hepatitis in our country, and to formulate a new strategy in line with the public health needs at home and abroad and thereby promote the implementation and application of standardized management process to improve the public's awareness of the disease.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate how different age groups of older adults perform and control movements in a goal-directed aiming task and the importance of visual feedback during these movements. Methods: Participants included 22 old adults, divided in two age groups: younger (60-70 yr) and older (80-90 yr). Subjects performed the task in a condition with vision and in a condition where vision was deprived. Results: In the vision condition, younger subjects showed smaller movement and reaction times, smaller radial errors, higher peak velocities, lower relative times to reach peak velocity than older subjects. In the vision-deprived condition the same results were found, except for radial error measure, where no significant effect for age groups was found. Conclusion: Younger subjects seemed to rely more on visual online feedback than older subjects and older subjects use other sensory sources to meet the possible deficits of information obtained by vision.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Aged , Feedback, Sensory/physiology , MovementABSTRACT
@#Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have impairments in gross and fine motor skills consequently limit their participation in school activities. The aim of this study was firstly to evaluate motor coordination performance of children with DCD in manual dexterity, hand-eye coordination and balance skills, and secondly, to compare the motor coordination performance between children with DCD and age-matched children without DCD. A total of 47 children with DCD (32 boys, 15 girls) and 16 children without DCD (15 boys, 1 girl) aged between 7 to 10 years old participated in this study. They were recruited from integrative special education classes from six selected primary schools within Klang Valley. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) evaluated their motor coordination performance. Group differences on the MABC-2 subtest scores and total test score were analysed using independent t-test. Cohen’s d was calculated to obtain the effect size of clinical differences. Children with DCD showed significantly lower score in manual dexterity (p=0.001), aiming and catching (p=0.001), balance test (p=0.001) and total test score (p=0.001) compared to the children without DCD. Effect sizes on manual dexterity (d=0.52), balance (d=0.68), and total test score (d=0.73) indicated moderate clinical differences between the two groups. In conclusion, children with DCD showed deficits in both gross and fine motor skills performance based on the MABC-2 subtests and total test score, in comparison with children without DCD. School-based rehabilitation to improve gross and fine motor problems among the children is warranted.
Subject(s)
Motor Skills Disorders , Postural BalanceABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a self-designed novel n-shaped aiming device in aiding the percutaneous cannulated screwing for treatment of odontoid fractures of Anderson-D' Alonzo type Ⅱ and shallow type Ⅲ.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 17 patients who had been treated at our department for odontoid fracture of Anderson-D' Alonzo type Ⅱ and shallow type Ⅲ between January 2009 and December 2013.They were 13 males and 4 females,with an average age of 37.5 years (from 16 to 61 years).All received surgical treatment after skull traction or jaw pillow traction preoperatively for reduction.Intraoperatively,percutaneous cannulated screwing via the anterior cervical approach was performed with the help of a self-designed novel n-shaped aiming device to fix the odontoid.Postoperatively,X-ray and CT scan were used to check the screw locations and evaluate the fracture healing.Results The 17 cases were followed up for 6 to 15 months (average,10.5 months).No intraoperative injury to the esophagus,artery,spinal cord or nerve root happened.The operating time ranged from 60 to 125 min.The bleeding was from 10 to 40 mL.Intraoperative observation revealed fine locations of the screws.Bony union was achieved in 16 cases 3 months postoperatively while separation and hardening of the fracture ends was found in one ease.Conclusion Our self-designed novel n-shaped aiming device can facilitate the percutaneous cannulated screwing for treatment of odontoid fractures of Anderson-D'Alonzo type Ⅱ and shallow type Ⅲ,given that it has advantages of simple manipulation,accurate insertion,minimal invasion,quick recovery and reliable efficacy.
ABSTRACT
To explore the characteristics of thought of clinical syndrome differentiation and promote the curative effects in TCM.When treating the patients,doctors must attach great importance to the activities of qi.Only the functional activity of qi theory is studied with the combination of the holistic concept can the curative effects be improved.Perpetual motion theory can not work well without the guidance of holism and visceral theory.The theory of "treatments are determined by the variations of symptoms" which bases itself on the precondition that pathology changes in advance,constitutes one of the treatment methods under the guidance of perpetual motion theory.The word `root' in the theory of "treatment aiming at the root cause of disease" mainly refers to pathogenesis,nature and location of disease,and disease should be analyzed with pathological changes of human body to seek out the root cause of the disease.To accumulate and explore into the treatment by differentiation of syndromes will be conducive to the treatment of the patients who spend long time to cure.The essence of prescription lies in its differentiation in treatment.With the Zhongjing's spirit of prescriptions in mind,though not prescribing in the name of Zhongjing,we can call this kind of prescription is Zhongjing style.Medicine is valued in its quality and character,and also in its wise use under the guidance of TCM theories.