Meta analysis of the alarm treatment and desmopressin in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the therapy efficacy for children with primary nocturnal enuresis by meta-analysis on the efficiency of alarm treatment versus desmopressin.Methods PubMed, Central, Elesvier, CNKI and some other databases were browsed to obtain all randomized controlled trails(RCT) and to compare the therapy between alarm treatment and desmopressin.Data extraction and quality evaluation were done by methods recommended by Cochrane center.The results of short-term and long-term efficacy and compliance were analyzed by Review Manager 5.0.Results Fifty-four RCT were retrieved and 11 RCT were included in the study.There was no statistical difference between alarm treatment and desmopressin when analyzing by no wetting episode,wetting no more than 1 night per month,wetting nights' decrease over 90％ or wetting nights decrease over 50％.By 3-month follow-up after treatment stopped,alarm treatment significantly reduced the wetting nights to over 50％ or less than 1 night per month than desmopressin.By 6-month follow-ups after treatment stopped, there was no difference between alarm treatment and desmopressin when analyzed by wetting no more than 1 night.The relapse rate of desmopressin was higher than that of alarm treatment (P =0.007).However, the withdrawal and abandonment rate of alarm treatment was higher than that of desmopressin(P ＜0.000 01).Severe adverse effects were not found in both of the treatment groups.Conclusions There is no statistical difference between alarm and desmopressin therapy in short-term treatment.The efficiency of alarm device is better than that of desmopressin in long-term treatment.The follow-up of alarm treatment lost more than that of desmopressin.Desmopressin is better than the alarm treatment in compliance but has higher recurrence rate.

Adesão em saúde e psicoterapia: conceituação e aplicação na enurese noturna / Adherence in health and psychotherapy: conceptualization and application in nocturnal enuresis / L'adhésion dans la santé et la psychothérapie: concepts et l'application avec l'énurésie nocturne / La adhesión en la salud y la psicoterapia: conceptuación y aplicación en la enuresis nocturna

Existem diversos estudos sobre preditores da não adesão, mas poucos mostram estratégias efetivas para lidar com esse problema. Uma revisão da literatura sobre desistência em psicoterapia mostrou que quase metade dos pacientes que ingressam num atendimento não o concluem. A medida na psicoterapia em geral é a de não adesão, ou desistência do tratamento; no presente trabalho serão apresentados dados relativos à adesão ao tratamento da enurese com alarme de urina. A taxa de desistência em um grupo de 61 crianças e adolescentes foi levantada considerando três condições: suas famílias não compareceram aos atendimentos, não responderam ao contato telefônico ou relataram ter abandonado os procedimentos. A desistência correspondeu a 19,6% da amostra e a idade do grupo dos desistentes era significativamente inferior, quando comparada à daqueles que aderiram ao tratamento. A já demonstrada associação entre a intolerância parental e a idade do filho explica os resultados e aponta para a necessidade de trabalho educativo intenso com os pais de adolescentes portadores de enurese.

Although there are several studies about adherence prevalence and predictors, few of them demonstrate efficient strategies to deal with this issue. A literature review found that about half of the patients that initiate psychotherapy do not conclude the process. Therefore, the measure of adherence is usually non-adherence, assessed by treatment dropout. In this paper, we present data related to dropout of alarm treatment for nocturnal enuresis. Sixty-one children and adolescents that initiated alarm treatment were included. Families missing appointments, not replying to phone calls or stating that treatment procedures were abandoned characterized dropout. Twelve families dropped out from treatment, corresponding to 19.6% of the sample. Only age was significantly related to dropout: younger children were more likely to abandon treatment. The already known relation between age and parents’s intolerance explains the results and determinates the necessity of an intense informative work with parents of enuretic children.

Il existe plusieurs études sur l’adhésion avec une ênfase dans la prévalence et les facteurs prédictifs de non-adhésion, mais peu de ces montre des stratégies efficaces pour faire face à ce problème. Une revue de la littérature sur l'abandon dans la psychothérapie a montré que près de la moitié des patients admis dans un soin de ne pas conclure. La mesure de la psychothérapie en général cést la non adhésion, représenté par l'abandon ou la cessation du traitement. Le document présente des données sur le traitement d'énurésie nocturne avec l’alarm de urine. Nous avons mené une enquête sur les niveaux de retrait d'un groupe de 61 enfants et adolescents. Lorsque les familles n'ont pas assisté aux séances, ne répondent pas au téléphone ou auraient abandonné les procédures ont été considérés comme des décrocheurs. Le retrait est intervenu dans 12 des 61 cas, représentant 19,6% de l'échantillon. Considérant l'âge moyen des participantesverifica que ceux qui ont abandonné le traitement étaient significativement plus jeunes. L'association précédemment établie entre l'intolérance des parents et l'âge de l'enfant explique les résultats et les points à la nécessité d'un travail pédagogique intensif avec les parents d'adolescents atteints d'énurésie.

Hay diversos estudios sobre la prevalencia y predictores de la no adhesión, pero pocos muestran estrategias efectivas para hacer frente a este problema. Una revisión de la literatura sobre la deserción en la psicoterapia mostró que casi la mitad de los pacientes que ingresan en la atención no la concluyen. La medida en la psicoterapia en general es la de no adhesión, representada por el abandono o deserción del tratamiento. En este trabajo serán presentados datos relativos a la deserción al tratamiento de la enuresis través de la alarma de orina. Fue realizada una investigación sobre los niveles de la deserción de un grupo de 61 niños y adolescentes. Cuando las familias no comparecerán a las sesiones, no contestarán al telefono, o relatabán tener abandonado los procedimientos, fueron considerados desertores. La deserción ocurrió en 12 de 61 casos, lo que representa 19,6% de la muestra. La asociación ya establecida entre la intolerancia de los padres y la edad del niño explica los resultados y señala la necesidad de una intensa labor educativa con los padres de los adolescentes con enuresis.