ABSTRACT
Childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemiaassociated with peripheral edema. Children with NS lose 25-OH vitamin D binding protein in urine, and canhave low blood levels of this metabolite. The present hospital-based study was carried out on a total of 50children with nephrotic syndrome who are in remission, in the age group of 1-15 years of either gender,attending to our pediatric nephrology clinic. 46% had clear deficiency of vitamin D, while insufficiency waspresent in 28% and normal levels in only 26% of patients. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in 25-OHvitamin D levels between frequent relapsers (FR) as compared to infrequent relapsers (IR) and first episode ofnephrotic syndrome. Hypocalcemia was present in 86% of patients, hypophosphatemia in 10% of patients,hyperphosphatemia in 50% and raised alkaline phosphatase in 36% of patients. Strong positive correlation isobserved between serum calcium and vitamin D levels (r=0.720; p<0.001) and moderate negative correlationbetween phosphorous and vitamin D levels (r= -0.577; p<0.001, but insignificant relation between vitamin Dand alkaline phosphate levels (r= -0.248; p<0.082). It is concluded that vitamin D deficiency is commonamong children with nephrotic syndrome even after remission of proteinuria. There exists a strong positivecorrelation between serum calcium and vitamin D levels.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of hydroethanolic extract of whole plant of Clematis buchananiana against Paracetamol–induced liver injury in wistar albino rats. Belong to family Ranuculaceae. The degree of protection was measured by estimation of serum biochemical parameters, histopathology study. Method: The albino wistar rats (120–180gm) were divided into 6 group 5 animals in each, Group I: Received distilled water (5ml/kg. p.o) once daily, and served as normal control. Group II: Received paracetamol suspension (640 mg/kg suspended in 1% methyl cellulose; orally as toxin control. Group III: Received standard drug Silymarin (25 mg/kg. p.o.) +paracetamol suspension (640 mg/kg suspended in 1% methyl cellulose; orallyonce daily Group IV, V, VI administered HEECB at different doses300, 400, 500 mg/kg orally + paracetamol suspension (640 mg/kg suspended in 1% methyl cellulose; for 21 days.And collect blood from experimental animals by retrorbital puncture for estimation of biochemical parameters and other parameter also evaluate likephysical histological changes in livers of rats. Results: Experimental finding reveal that Paracetamolproduce significant change in physical (increase liver weight) biochemical (increase alkaline phosphate, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyuruvic transaminase, total protein, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and decrease the level of total protein and albumin) histological (damage to hepatocyte) and in liver parameters. Pretreatment with extract significantly minimization ofphysical, biochemical, histological and functional change induced by Paracetamolin liver. Conclusion: Experimental data and analysis of different parameter declare that hydroethanolic extract of Clematis buchananiana could be a useful hepatoprotective agent and it has significant hepatoprotection potential it is possible due to their active constituent alkaloids. However further study still needed to be causes on exposure of extract to human beings.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of baseline serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for predicting 2-year fracture in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on maintenance dialysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 139 patients with CKD undergoing maintenance dialysis in our hospital were enrolled in this study. According to the median serum ALP level, the patients were divided into high ALP and low ALP groups. The demographic and clinical data of the patients including dialysis duration, serum calcium level, serum phosphorus level, and serum intact parathyroid hormone level were recorded, and their bone mineral density of the femur and the lumbar spine was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The patients were followed up for 2 years and fracture events were recorded. The risk factors of fracture were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, and their predictive value for fracture was analyzed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean baseline serum ALP level was 132.55±167.68 U/L in these patients, significantly higher than that in the normal population (=2.816, =0.006). Baseline serum ALP level was negatively correlated with the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (=-0.203, =0.006) and the femur (=-0.196, =0.021). Fractures occurred in 21 (15.1%) of the patients during the 2-year follow-up, and the fracture rate was significantly higher in patients with high ALP levels. Logistic regression analysis identified serum ALP level as an independent risk factor of fracture (OR: 1.010, =0.001, 95%CI: 1.004-1.016). The areas under the ROC curve were 0.900 and 0.768 for serum ALP level and intact parathyroid hormone level in predicting 2-year fractures, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Serum ALP may serve as a good indicator for predicting 2-year fractures in patients with CKD on maintenance dialysis.</p>
ABSTRACT
The acetone (AEAC) and aqueous extracts (AQEAC) of Adina cordifolia, belonging to the family Rubiaceae, were studied for hepatoprotective activity against Wister rats with liver damage induced by ethanol. It was found that AEAC and AQEAC, at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited hepatoprotective effect by lowering the Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphate and total bilirubin to a significant extent and also significantly increased the levels of total protein. The hepatoprotec-tive activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Since results of biochemical studies of blood samples of ethanol treated rats showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by ethanol and blood samples from the animals treated with AEAC and AQEAC showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells against ethanol induced hepatocellular injury. The effects of AEAC and AQEAC were comparable with standard drug silymarin.
ABSTRACT
The acetone (AEAC) and aqueous extracts (AQEAC) of Adina cordifolia, belonging to the family Rubiaceae, were studied for hepatoprotective activity against Wister rats with liver damage induced by ethanol. It was found that AEAC and AQEAC, at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited hepatoprotective effect by lowering the Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphate and total bilirubin to a significant extent and also significantly increased the levels of total protein. The hepatoprotec-tive activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Since results of biochemical studies of blood samples of ethanol treated rats showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by ethanol and blood samples from the animals treated with AEAC and AQEAC showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells against ethanol induced hepatocellular injury. The effects of AEAC and AQEAC were comparable with standard drug silymarin.