ABSTRACT
The quality and quantity of metabolites in plants responsible for biological activities are influenced by a multitude of factors, chief among them, environmental. Furthermore, part of the plant to be tested and selected extraction solvent affect these kinds of activities. Ethanol and water extracts of above ground and below ground parts of the Ornithogalum sigmoideum Freyn & Sint. collected from different altitudes of Ordu province at two different period (begining and end of flowering) were studied in terms of phenolic contents and antioxidative activities. Thus, the effect of four different factors (altitude, flowering period, plant section, extraction solvent) on these parameters were examined. Both the main effects and the interactions of these factors were evaluated separately, and it was concluded that quaternary interaction was statistically significant on the antioxidant activity tested according to the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Binary interactions such as altitude*solvent and section*solvent were statistically significant on total phenolic content values. On the other hand, section*solvent and altitude*period*section interactions were statistically significant for 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Los briófitos forman un grupo conspicuo de la flora del planeta. Su contribución ecológica en términos de riqueza de especies y cobertura en muchos hábitats es fundamental para el equilibrio de los servicios ecosistémicos. En Colombia se tiene el registro aproximado de 715 especies de Marchantiophyta (hepáticas), las cuales presentan su mayor riqueza en la región Andina. El estudio se realizó en el Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza - sector Suasie dada su importancia ecológica e hídrica para los municipios aledaños. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad de la comunidad de hepáticas en el sector de Suasie del PNN Chingaza. Para ello, se hicieron tres levantamientos en transectos de 2x50 m en un gradiente altitudinal, en cada transecto se muestrearon las hepáticas presentes en cuatro forófitos escogidos al azar. Las muestras recolectadas fueron identificadas para el análisis de composición y diversidad de la comunidad. Como resultado, fue posible evidenciar la variación de la composición y abundancia de hepáticas a lo largo del gradiente, basados no solo en los índices estimados, sino también en la asociación con la cobertura vegetal de cada sitio de muestreo. Con un total de 47 especies registradas, se soporta la alta diversidad del sector en estudio. De esta manera, la riqueza encontrada en este gradiente aporta a las actuales y futuras estrategias de conservación del parque.
ABSTRACT The bryophytes form a conspicuous group of the planet's flora, their ecological contribution in terms of species richness and coverage in many habitats is essential for the balance of ecosystem. In Colombia there is an approximate record of 715 species of Marchantiophyta (liverworts), which present their greatest richness in the Andean region. The study was carried out in the Chingaza National Natural Park - Suasie sector given its ecological and water importance for the surrounding municipalities. The main objective of this study was to determine the diversity of the liverwort community in the Suasie sector of the Chingaza NNP. For this, three surveys were made in transects of 2x50 m in an altitude gradient, in each transect the liverworts present from four phorophytes (trees and shrubs), chosen at random were sampled. The collected samples were identified for analysis of composition and diversity of the community. As a result, it was possible to demonstrate the variation in the composition and abundance of liverworts along the gradient, based not only on the estimated indices, but also on the association with the vegetation cover of each sampling site. With a total of 47 registered species, the high diversity of the sector under study is supported. In this way, the richness found in this gradient contributes to current and future conservation strategies for the park.