Amniotic fluid chromosome detection for 95 NIPT high-risk pregnant women / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analysis of the detection result of amniotic fluid chromosome which in NIPT high-risk pregnant women.Methods Amniotic fluid cells via amniotic cavity puncture were cultured and analyzed,the chromosome karyotypes were observed.Results The highest positive predictive value of NIPT was for trisomy 21(85.00%),then trisomy 18(75.00%),sex chromosome abnormalities(68.00%),other chromosome abnormalities(41.67%),trisomy 13 (25.00%).Conclusion The highest accuracy of NIPT was shown in detection of Down''s syndrome by NIPT.NIPT was screening test which is effective and noninvasive in prenatal diagnosis.Amniotic fluid Chromosomal karyotype analysis was the gold standard in the diagnosis of fetal chromosomal disease.

Clinical study on bacterial condition in amniotic cavity in the third trimester of pregnancy / 中国综合临床

Objective To study bacterial conditions in amniotic cavity of the third trimester and the delivery. Methods Patients underwent cesarean section due to various reasons were randomly enrolled in the study. Ten ml aqua amnii taken from using aspesis were cultured and the bacteria were identified and tested for drug sensitivity. All patients were not treated with antibiotics before and during operation,conventional antibiotics treatnent was used after operation. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their status: 34 cases of premature rupture of membrane ( PROM ), thirty-four cases of labor without PROM, and 27 cases of pregnancy without PROM. The positive rate, species , distribution and drug sensitivity of bacteria in the 3 groups were analyzed. Results The positive rate was 61.8% (21/34) in PROM ,52. 9% ( 18/34 ) in labor without PROM,11.1% (3/27)in pregnancy without PROM. The positive rates were significantly different among the 3 groups (x2 = 17.29 ,P =0.000). However, there was no significant difference between the labor without PROM group and the pregnancy without PROM group ( x2 = 0.541 , P = 0.462 ). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolated bacteria, following by staphylococcus aureas, streptococcus, colon bacillus, and pseudomonas. There were no significant differences of bacterial species between labor without PROM and pregnancy without PROM( x2 = 11.9,P =0.535 ). The relative higher positive rate in the labor without PROM and PROM indicated that they were important inducement of bacteria infection. There were no significant difference on positive rate and bacteria species distribution between the PROM and labor without PROM group,which suggested that up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity was the most common route of infection. Sensitive antibiotics should be given to the patients of PROM and labor without PROM targeted at staphylococcus,streptococcus, colon bacillus and monad. Antibiotics such as Cephems, Penicillins and Clindamycin were sensitive to various bacteria and safe to both mother and baby, thus were recommended. Quinupristin, Vancomycin,Furantoin, Fusidic ,Teicoplanin, Amikacin and Meropenem were also sensitive to various bacteria, but due to their side effects and the principle of ladder antibiotics using, they were recommended as second line antibiotics. Conclutions Up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity is the most common route of infection. For rupture of membrane and labor without PROM patients, antibiotics should be given, and strict aseptic technique,washing cavity and incision, using antibiotics after operation are necessary to prevent infection.

Cervical Length and the Risk of Microbial Invasion of the Amniotic Cavity in Women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

The aims of this study were to determine whether sonographically measured cervical length is of value in the identification of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and to compare its performance with maternal blood C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and amniotic fluid (AF) WBC. This prospective observational study enrolled 50 singleton pregnancies with PPROM. Transvaginal ultrasound for measurement of cervical length was performed and maternal blood was collected for the determination of CRP and WBC at the time of amniocentesis. AF obtained by amniocentesis was cultured and WBC determined. The prevalence of a positive amniotic fluid culture was 26% (13/50). Patients with positive amniotic fluid cultures had a significantly shorter median cervical length and higher median CRP, WBC, and AF WBC than did those with negative cultures. Multiple logistic regression indicated that only cervical length had a significant relationship with the log odds of a positive AF culture. Transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length is valuable in the identification of microbial invasion of amniotic cavity in women with PPROM. Cervical length performs better than AF WBC, maternal blood CRP, and WBC in the identification of a positive amniotic fluid culture.

The safety assessment of amniotic infusion therapy in severe preeclampsia / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore safety of severe preeclampsia by amniotic infusion therapy.Methods 58 cases with severe preeclampsia during 28 to 34 weeks pregnancy had been practised intravenous infusion as controls(37 cases).Results Ultrasound guided amnioinfusion were all succesful in therapy group,there was no maternal complication.Statistical difference was found in premature infant apgar score between therapy group and control group.The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 3.4%,whereas that of the control group was 35.1%(P

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Interleukin-6 of Amniotic Fluid in Patients with Infection of Amniotic Cavity / 中国医师杂志

Objective To assess the role of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) of amniotic fluid (AF) in predicting infection of amniotic cavity. Methods Eighty-four cases of sigle foetus women with premature delivery, premature rupture of foetal membranes,or suspicious infection of amnitotic cavity were enrolled in this study. AF was obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis before starting any treatment.Infection of amniotic cavity was defined when AF bacterial culture was positive. The contents of glucose, leukocytes, MMP-9,and IF-6 in AF were determined. Results The levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 in AF were significantly higher in women with infection of amniotic cavity than those in women without. In women with infection of amniotic cavity, MMP-9 level was significantly correlated with IL-6 level (r=0.813,P

THE GASTRULATION OF MONGOLIAN SHEEP EMBRYOS / 解剖学报

The Mongolian sheep embryo develops into gastrula from 8 days 17 hours 10 minutes to 12 days 14 hours 30 minutes after coitus. The blastocyst is spherical in shape about 266—972?m in diameter. The zona pellucida has disappeared. The trophoblast consists of simple flat epithlium or simple cuboidal epithelium. About 8 days 17 hours 10 minutes to 9 days 15 hours 18 minutes after coitus the embryonic knot becomes spheroid, about 70—72?m in diameter. The embryonic knot is slightly protruding from The surface of the blastocyst and is covered by the trophoblast, the ectodermal cells of the dorsal portion of the embryonic knot form a mass. The lower surface of the embryonic knot has differentiated into the endoderm. The extraembryonic endoderm extends to the inner surface of the trophoblast from the periphery of the embryoblast. About 10 days 16 hours to 10 days 17 hours 20 minutes after coitus, in the dorsal portion of the embryonic knot forms a vesicle which is known as the primitive amniotic cavity about 40?m in diameter. The bottom of the primitive amniotic cavity has differentiated into the ectoderm, about 72—90?m in diameter. The endoderm of the lower surface of the embryonic knot continues to develop along the inner surface of the trophoblast to the equator. The developmental process of the primitve amniotic cavity of Mongolian sheep embryos is different from rabbit、guinea pig and human embryos, but it is similar to the mole embryos. About 11 days 16 hours 5 minutes to 12 days 14 hours 30 minutes after coitus, the embryonic knot becomes discal in shape and is fully developed, about 252—396?m in diameter. The primitive amniotic cavity of the dorsal portion of the embryonic disc has disappeared. The ecitoderm is exposed to the surface of the blastocyst, it consists of stratified columnar epthelium. The endoderm of the lower surface of the embryonic disc consists of the simple flat epithelium, it forms a spherical primitive gut cavity along the inner surface of the trophoblbst.