ABSTRACT
El nitrito de amilo, conocida como "poppers", se ha masificado como droga recreacional en parte por sus efectos con objetivos sexuales. Su consumo se asocia a complicaciones psiquiátricas y médicas. Reportamos el caso de un paciente que se presenta con metahemog-lobinemia moderada secundaria a la inhalación de nitrito de amilo asociado a alcohol. Al ingreso presenta cianosis peribucal y en extremidades, disociación entre oximetría de pulso y presión parcial de oxígeno en gases arteriales, además de metahemoglobinemia 29,9%. Se descartan otras intoxicaciones y causas primarias de metahemoglobinemia. Se maneja con oxigenoterapia, hidratación y ácido ascórbico, presentando una evolución favorable. Presentamos el primer caso en Chile de metahemoglobinemia secundaria al consumo de nitrito de amilo con fines recreativos.
Amyl nitrite, known as "poppers", has become popular as a recreational drug for sexual purposes. Its consumption is associated with psychiatric and medical complications. We report the case of a patient presenting with moderate methemoglobinemia secondary to amyl nitrite inhalation associated with alcohol. At admission, perioral and extremities cyanosis, a dissociation between pulse oximetry and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial gases, and methemoglobinemia 29.9% were present. Other intoxications and primary causes of methemoglobinemia were ruled out. The patient receives oxygen therapy, hydration, and ascorbic acid, presenting a favorable evolution. We report the first Chilean's case of methemoglobinemia secondary to amyl nitrite consumption for recreational purposes
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Amyl Nitrite , Recreational Drug Use , Methemoglobinemia , Partial Pressure , Patients , Oximetry , HIV , Cyanosis , Clinical StudyABSTRACT
Introducción En la Ciudad de México, de acuerdo con los resultados del Sistema de Reporte de Información en Drogas SRID, los primeros reportes del uso de poppers datan de 1988 y paulatinamente ha ido incrementado su consumo. Objetivo Dado que una de las finalidades del SRID es identificar nuevas drogas y áreas que requieren investigación más detallada, se realizará un estudio descriptivo a fin de conocer las características asociadas a su consumo. Material y método Para evaluar el consumo de poppers se analizaron los datos recopilados por el Sistema de Reporte de Información en Drogas durante el periodo 2000-2012 I; así como las tendencias de uso durante 24 años. El instrumento utilizado es la Cédula "Informe Individual sobre Consumo de Drogas" que se aplica en Instituciones de Salud y de Justicia del Distrito Federal durante los meses de junio y noviembre de cada año. Resultados Entre los resultados más relevantes se destaca que el consumo de poppers se presenta en el grupo de adolescentes de 15 a 19 y en los adultos jóvenes de 20 a 24 años. Otro de los datos sobresalientes son las edades de inicio del consumo de esta sustancia, así como la frecuencia con la que se consume. Conclusiones A partir de los resultados encontrados, es necesario plantear líneas de investigación que permitan conocer el consumo de esta sustancia en población joven.
Introduction In Mexico City, according to the results of the Information Report System in Drug SRID, the first reports about the use of poppers date from 1988. The consumption of poppers has gradually increased throw on the years. Objective Given that one of the purposes of the SRID is to identify new drugs and areas that require further investigation, a descriptive study was performed to determine the characteristics associated with the consumption of poppers. Materials and methods To evaluate the use of poppers, data collected by the Information Reporting System on Drugs will be analyzed, during the period 20002012 I, as well as the trends in use for 24 years. The instrument used is the card "Individual Report on Consumption of Drugs", which is applied in health and justice institutions of the Federal District during the months of June and November of each year. Results The most relevant results among poppers consumption occurs in the group of adolescents from 15 to 19 and young adults aged 20-24 years. Another outstanding data are the ages of first use of this substance, and the frequency with which it is consumed. Conclusions From the results, it is necessary to propose research lines that reveal the use of poppers in young people.
ABSTRACT
The toxicity of HCN inhaled via the respiratory tract in dogs and the therapeutic effects of DMAP and AmNO2 for such form of HCN intoxication were studied. The LD50 of HCN when inhaled was 850.4?80.4?g/kg.When the dosage of 2?LD50 of HCN was given to the experimental animals, the signs of intoxication developed rapidly. Uneasiness, struggling, strident barking, and respiratory excitation were observed several seconds after the exposure. Subsequently there was spasm of the extensors and rigidity of the extremities. Finally general inhibition and paralysis ensued. Respiration and heart beat stopped 6 and 7 minutes after exposure. If DMAP (3.25 mg/kg intramuscularly) or AmNO2 (2 ampules through inhalation) was administered 15 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals was 90% or 100% respectively.When the dosage of 4?LD50 of HCN was inhaled and the two drugs were administered 45 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals treated with DMAP remained as high as 90% (9/10) .But the survival rate of those treated with two ampules of AmNO2 or even three ampules reduced to 20% or 40% respectively.The amount of HCN inhaled during respiratory intoxication, the problems of early diagnosis and the administration of DMAP at the site of accident were analyzed and discussed.