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Abstract We present an unusual case of an anomalous left coronary artery arising from the contralateral sinus of Valsalva: a 63-year-old male patient who consulted to our emergency department with 1-week history of progressive dyspnea on exertion with clinical signs of heart failure, associated with lung congestion on the chest X ray and elevated NT-proBNP levels (2000 pg/ml; normal value <150). Doppler echocardiography showed severe dilation of both left atrium and left ventricle, with severe deterioration of LV systolic function (Ejection fraction of 26%), global hypokinesia and a moderate mitral regurgitation with central jet. A cardiac cath eterization was performed, which evidenced an anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right coronary sinus with a proximal lesion of nearly 50%. A coronary computed tomographic angiography confirmed the diagnosis of an anomalous origin with an intramyocardial path at the level of the interventricular septum, as sociated with moderate extrinsic compression. To determine the degree of functional ischemia presented by the left main coronary artery lesion we performed a fractional flow reserve evaluation, resulting in 0.75, which was ranked as significant. An angioplasty with implantation of a drug-eluting stent (with Everolimus) was performed successfully to the target lesion. The patient evolved favorably during hospitalization and was discharged from the medical center to continue outpatient follow-up. Patient remained asymptomatic at 1-month and 6 months, during clinical evaluation, without evidence of ischemia on noninvasive functional assessment.
Resumen Presentamos un raro caso de nacimiento anómalo de arteria coronaria izquierda en el seno de Valsalva contralateral. Se trata de un hombre de 63 años que consultó al servicio de emergencias de nuestro centro por disnea progresiva de una semana de evolución, con signos clínicos de insuficiencia cardíaca, aso ciado a signos de congestión en la radiografía de tórax, y valores de NT-proBNP elevados (2000 pg/ml; valor normal <150). El ecocardiograma Doppler evidenció dilatación grave de la aurícula y del ventrículo izquierdo, con deterioro grave de la función sistólica (fracción de eyección de 26%), hipoquinesia global e insuficiencia mitral moderada con jet central. Se realizó una cinecoronariografía que evidenció el nacimiento anómalo del tronco de arteria coronaria izquierda desde el seno coronario derecho, con una lesión cercana al 50%. Una angiotomografía coronaria confirmó el origen anómalo del vaso coronario, con trayecto intramiocárdico a nivel del septum interventricular asociado a compresión extrínseca moderada. Para determinar el grado de isquemia funcional que presentaba la lesión del tronco coronario izquierdo se evaluó la reserva de flujo fraccional, que arrojó un resultado de 0.75 el cual se consideró significativo, prosiguiendo a angioplastia con implante de stent liberador de droga (con Everolimus) a dicha lesión. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente durante la internación en el hospital, egresando de la institución para continuar seguimiento ambulatorio. Persistió asintomático en los controles realizados al mes y a los 6 meses, sin evidencia de isquemia en la evaluación funcional no invasiva.
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Introducción: Uno de los tratamientos indicados para la deficiencia maxilar transversal es la expansión maxilar rápida (REM). El presente artículo trata sobre la terapia REM y muestra, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, los diversos beneficios que esta puede brindar al paciente y los cambios que puede generar en su anatomía. Objetivos: Abordar el efecto de la terapia REM sobre la vía aérea nasofaríngea. También describir, en base a evidencia científica, los cambios que produce en la morfología y resistencia sobre la vía aérea faríngea. Esto mediante distintos métodos de estudios disponibles actualmente. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos: PubMed, Clinicalkey y Epistemonikos. Se seleccionaron trabajos publicados en los últimos 8 años en adelante. De un universo total de 77 publicaciones, fueron seleccionados 12 estudios para esta revisión. Se excluyeron estudios en los cuales se realizaban acciones clínicas que escapan al tratamiento ortopédico. También se excluyeron tratamientos realizados para mejorar la vía aérea, basados en el tratamiento ortopédico del crecimiento mandibular. Resultados: En los estudios realizados mediante radiografías cefalométricas se obtuvo un aumento significativo (p <0.05) en el espacio de la vía aérea nasofaríngea, en particular en las medidas AD2 y AD-PtV, después del tratamiento ortodóncico. Por otro lado, AD1 también aumentó, pero no significativamente (p> 0.05). Conclusión: La terapia REM, en pacientes en crecimiento, logra separar la sutura palatina media aumentando el tamaño del piso de las fosas nasales y el volumen en el territorio nasofaríngeo. Se necesitan estudios con un tamaño de muestra mayor y un seguimiento a largo plazo para establecer el éxito de esta terapia.
Introduction: One of the treatments indicated for transverse maxillary deficiency is rapid maxillary expansion (REM). This article deals with REM therapy and shows, based on a bibliographic review, the various benefits that it can generate for the patient and the changes in their anatomy. Objectives: To elucidate the effect of REM therapy on the nasopharyngeal airway. Also expose, based on scientific evidence, the changes that it produces in the morphology and resistance on the pharyngeal airway. This through different study methods currently available. Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in the databases: PubMed, Clinicalkey and Epistemonikos. From a total universe of 77 publications, 12 studies were selected for this review. Results: In the studies carried out using cephalometric radiographs, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the nasopharyngeal airway space was obtained, particularly in the AD2 and AD-PtV measurements, after orthodontic treatment. On the other hand, AD1 also increased, but not significantly (p > 0.05). Conclusion: REM therapy, in growing patients, manages to separate the middle palatal suture by increasing the size of the floor of the nostrils and the volume in the nasopharyngeal territory. Studies with a larger sample size and long-term follow-up are needed to establish the success of this therapy.
Subject(s)
Palatal Expansion Technique , Maxilla , Nasal CavityABSTRACT
Introduction@#It is important to standardize a tincture prepared from the herb and root of <i>Paeonia anomala<i> L, which is widely used as a sedative in traditional medicine, based on the results of the studies its chemical composition, biological and pharmacological activities. Moreover, there is a need to carry out a quantitative stability testing in order to establish the ability to maintain quality under certain storage condition, shelf-life and to develop suitable packaging information.@*Materials and methods@#Standardization parameters of prepared <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture have been evaluated according to WHO guidelines for the determination of crude drug material, plant preparations and finished products technical parameters, along with the Mongolian National Pharmacopoeian (MNP) and Russian XIV Pharmacopoeian methods for tincture. The color of a tincture, dry residue, special density, alcohol content, and microbiological content were determined according to the methods described in MNP. A qualitative analysis of biological active constituents has been evaluated by thin-layer chromatography, the total phenolic compounds were determined by the reaction with Folin Chicalteu reagent and total monoterpene glycosides by the reaction with hydroxylamine in alkaline solution and ferric (III) chloride following spectrophotometric examination, respectively.</br> The stability testing study was performed according to the “General requirements for the stability testing study of drug-active compounds” MNS-6439-2014 using the real-time methods for the standardization parameters of the tincture.@*Conclusions@#The standardized parameters of tincture prepared from the herb and root of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L. were approved by the National Reference Laboratory for Food Safety analysis. Consequently, the Mongolian pharmacopoeian article on <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture was officially permitted under the number ҮФӨ-0327-2017.</br> The stability study of tincture was carried out according to the MNS-6439-2014 by real-time tests for 24 months which provided that the changes in tincture quality were within the permitted limits. Consequently, it can conclude that the storage condition and shelf-time of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture are 2 years under not above 25°С.
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Introduction@#It is important to standardize a tincture prepared from the herb and root of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L, which is widely used as a sedative in traditional medicine, based on the results of the studies its chemical composition, biological and pharmacological activities. Moreover, there is a need to carry out a quantitative stability testing in order to establish the ability to maintain quality under certain storage condition, shelf-life and to develop suitable packaging information.@*Materials and methods@#Standardization parameters of prepared <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture have been evaluated according to WHO guidelines for the determination of crude drug material, plant preparations and finished products technical parameters, along with the Mongolian National Pharma- copoeian (MNP) and Russian XIV Pharmacopoeian methods for tincture. The color of a tincture, dry residue, special density, alcohol content, and microbiological content were determined according to the methods described in MNP. A qualitative analysis of biological active constituents has been evaluated by thin-layer chromatography, the total phenolic compounds were determined by the reaction with Folin Chicalteu reagent and total monoterpene glycosides by the reaction with hydroxylamine in alkaline solution and ferric (III) chloride following spectrophotometric examination, respectively.</br> The stability testing study was performed according to the “General requirements for the stability testing study of drug-active compounds” MNS-6439-2014 using the real-time methods for the standardization parameters of the tincture.@*Conclusions@#The standardized parameters of tincture prepared from the herb and root of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L. were approved by the National Reference Laboratory for Food Safety analysis. Consequently, the Mongolian pharmacopoeian article on <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture was officially permitted under the number ҮФӨ-0327-2017.</br> The stability study of tincture was carried out according to the MNS-6439-2014 by real-time tests for 24 months which provided that the changes in tincture quality were within the permitted limits. Consequently, it can conclude that the storage condition and shelf-time of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> tincture are 2 years under not above 25°С.
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Introduction@#Due to social transition and change of many societal activities in Mongolia, there is an increasing need for pharmaceutical drugs to treat anxiety, stress, fatigue and insomnia. It is considered that medicinal plants used in traditional medicine as sedatives, anti-anxiety and anti-depressive activities could be effective. Our study focuses on exploring optimal methods for preparing tinctures from <i>Paeonia</i> L. genus species, a sedative in Mongolian traditional medicine, and studying their phytochemical compositions.@*Materials and methods@#Root and herb of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L., grown in Mogod soum in Bulgan province, were used for the study.</br> Prepared herb and root were chopped and sieved into 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm sizes. Then from each size of two samples, a set was created with a 1:1 ratio. Finally 40 % ethanol (1:10 ratio with a set) was applied to prepare tincture through a traditional maceration method. The obtained tincture was analyzed for its color, quantity of biologically active compounds, dry residue, and absorption coefficient using an optimal particle size of samples, volume of the extractive liquid and tincture yield.</br> Tincture from the set of herb and root of <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L. was prepared using 3 methods, namely, by the traditional maceration; intensified maceration using the ultrasonic bath processing with 45 kHz at an ambient temperature; constant shaking in a heat of 30o-40oC. @*Conclusion@#The more optimal and effective method for preparing tincture from <i>Paeonia anomala</i> L. has been found to be the ultrasonic bath processing with 45 kHz for 6 h at an ambient temperature. Crude drug mixture of 2 mm sizes with 40% ethanol (where volume absorption coefficient was accounted to be 2.8) was mixed at a ratio of 1:10. In the obtained tincture, total phenols were determined as 0.58±0.003% in gallic acid equivalent and total monoterpene glycosides as 1.96±0.002% in paeoniflorin, which were the highest compared to other methods, indicating the method is the more optimal one.
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Abstract The prevalence of coronary artery anomalies has been increasing due to the increasing usage of coronary angiography. There is a paucity of literature concerning management of viral-induced myocarditis in patients with anomalous coronary artery. We present a very unusual case of a 44-year-old man with anomalous origin of the left circumflex artery from the proximal ostium of the right coronary artery who was admitted for COVID-19-induced myocarditis. He presented with signs of heart failure and coronary angiography revealed the left circumflex artery with a separate ostium originating from the proximal right coronary artery. He was treated medically with Bisoprolol, Perindopril Arginine, Rivaroxaban, and Furosemide. His condition improved rapidly and he resumed regular life within 1 month. Coexistence of cardiac disease such as viral-induced myocarditis with an underlying anomalous origin of the coronary artery is challenging to spot and can lead to worse outcomes in case of misdiagnosis and inaccurate management.
Resumo A prevalência de anomalias da artéria coronária vem aumentando devido ao uso crescente da angiografia coronariana. Há uma escassez de literatura sobre o manejo da miocardite induzida por vírus no contexto de artéria coronária anômala. Apresentamos um caso incomum de um homem de 44 anos com origem anômala da artéria circunflexa esquerda do óstio proximal da artéria coronária direita admitido por miocardite induzida por COVID-19. O paciente apresentava sinais de insuficiência cardíaca, e a cineangiocoronariografia revelou artéria circunflexa esquerda de óstio separado originando-se da artéria coronária direita proximal. Ele foi tratado clinicamente com bisoprolol, perindopril arginina, rivaroxabana e furosemida. Sua condição melhorou rapidamente, e o paciente recuperou uma vida normal em 1 mês. A coexistência de doença cardíaca, como miocardite induzida por vírus com uma origem anômala subjacente da artéria coronária, é difícil de detectar e pode levar a resultados piores em caso de diagnóstico incorreto e manejo impreciso.
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Introducción: La conexión venosa pulmonar anómala total (CVPAT) es un defecto relativamente poco frecuente, con una prevalencia de 0.8 por cada 10 000 nacimientos vivos, mientras que la forma parcial, tiene una mayor prevalencia, que oscila entre un 0.4 y 0.7% de la población. En Panamá, la CVPAT representa un 9% de los nacimientos con defectos cardíacos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características por tomografía computada de los niños con este diagnóstico que fueron atendidos entre los años 2010 y 2020 en el Hospital del Niño Dr. José Renán Esquivel. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal en la población sometida a tomografía computarizada por cardiopatía congénita en el Hospital del Niño Dr. José Renán Esquivel de la Ciudad de Panamá, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2020. Se realizaron 615 tomografías computarizadas por malformación cardíaca. De estas, 51 tenían diagnóstico de conexión venosa pulmonar anómala (CVPA) Resultados: Se encontró un predominio de esta patología en el sexo masculino (57.5%). Un 76.2% de los pacientes cursaban con otra malformación cardíaca asociada, siendo la comunicación interauricular (CIA) la más frecuente (54.5%). Los tipos más frecuentes fueron el supracardíaco (50.0%) y el infracardíaco (28.5%). Conclusión: La tomografía computada con contraste endovenoso es un método útil, que permite evaluar con detalle la anatomía cardíaca y de los grandes vasos en pacientes con malformaciones cardíacas y que además brinda información valiosa sobre otras patologías asociadas. (provisto por Infomedic International)
Introduction: Total anomalous pulmonary venous anomalous connection (TAPVC) is a relatively rare defect, with a prevalence of 0.8 per 10 000 live births, while the partial form, has a higher prevalence, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7% of the population. In Panama, TAPVC accounts for 9% of births with cardiac defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the computed tomography characteristics of children with this diagnosis who were attended between 2010 and 2020 at the Hospital del Niño Dr. José Renán Esquivel. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted in the population undergoing computed tomography for congenital heart disease at the Hospital del Niño Dr. José Renán Esquivel in Panama City, Panama, between January 2010 and December 2020. A total of 615 CT scans were performed for cardiac malformation. Of these, 51 had a diagnosis of anomalous pulmonary venous connection (APVC). Results: A predominance of this pathology was found in the male sex (57.5%). Some 76.2% of the patients had another associated cardiac malformation, with atrial septal defect (ASD) being the most frequent (54.5%). The most frequent types were supracardiac (50.0%) and infracardiac (28.5%). Conclusion: Computed tomography with intravenous contrast is a useful method that allows detailed evaluation of cardiac and great vessels anatomy in patients with cardiac malformations and provides valuable information on other associated pathologies. (provided by Infomedic International)
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Abstract Introduction Abnormal uterine bleeding is more frequent in adolescence. Although, most commonly, it has a non-structural etiology, it may be due to any cause described. Clinical case A 12-year-old adolescent, with no relevant personal history, menarche 1 month before, was observed in the emergency department for severemenstrual bleeding with progressive worsening, and hemodynamic repercussion in need of transfusion support. Physiological ovulatory dysfunction associated with possible previously unknown coagulopathy was considered to be the most likely diagnosis and medical treatment was initiated. Without response, the patient was submitted to sedated observation and uterine aspiration, which ultimately led to the diagnosis of a Burkitt Lymphoma. Discussion Although structural causes, and particularly malignancy, whether gynecological or not, are a rare cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in this age group, they must be considered, thus enhancing the fastest and most appropriate treatment.
Resumo Introdução A hemorragia uterina anormal é mais frequente na adolescência. Apesar de maioritariamente de etiologia não estrutural, pode dever-se a qualquer causa descrita. Caso clínico Adolescente de 12 anos, sem antecedentes pessoais relevantes, com menarca há 1 mês, observada no serviço de urgência por hemorragia menstrual grave com agravamento progressivo e repercussão hemodinâmica com necessidade de suporte transfusional. Foi colocada a hipótese de disfunção ovulatória fisiológica associada a eventual coagulopatia desconhecida previamente e foi instituído tratamento médico. Por ausência de resposta a tratamento médico, foi submetida a observação sob sedação e aspiração uterina que evidenciou tratar-se de um Linfoma de Burkitt. Discussão Apesar de as causas estruturais, e particularmente as neoplasias, do foro ginecológico ou não, serem uma causa rara de hemorragia uterina anormal nesta faixa etária, elas devem ser levadas em consideração potenciando assim um tratamento mais célere e adequado.
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Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Uterine Hemorrhage , Gynecology , MenarcheABSTRACT
Abstract The purpose of this study involved assessing the predictive capacity of the body mass index (BMI), body image, positive and negative affect, attitudes toward obese individuals and quality of life (QL) related to the anomalous eating behaviors of administrative personnel of Mexico City's health sector; aside from knowing gender differences and BMI in study variables. A total of 181 administrative employees took part in the study, divided according to their BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese) who filled out a personal data sheet and self-report questionnaires. Findings of this study indicate that body dissatisfaction, along with the perception of vitality and physical well-being may partially explain the presence of the anomalous eating behaviors that promotes excessive weight gain. Additionally, significant differences in positive affect were observed between sexes, aside from differences between the obese and normal weight groups regarding body dissatisfaction, negative affect, physical performance, physical role and social performance.
Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en evaluar la capacidad predictiva de variables como el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la imagen corporal, el afecto positivo y negativo, las actitudes hacia la gente obesa y la calidad de vida (CV) sobre las conductas alimentarias anómalas del personal administrativo del sector salud en la Ciudad de México, además de conocer las diferencias entre los sexos y del IMC en las variables de estudio. En total, participaron 181 trabajadores administrativos, divididos según su IMC (normopeso, sobrepeso, obesidad), que completaron una hoja de datos generales y cuestionarios de autorreporte. En general, se encontró que la insatisfacción de la imagen corporal, aunada a la percepción de vitalidad y bienestar físico, podría explicar en parte la presencia del comportamiento alimentario anómalo, el cual favorece a la ganancia excesiva de peso corporal. Adicionalmente, se observaron diferencias significativas entre los sexos en el afecto positivo, además de diferencias entre el grupo con obesidad y el grupo normopeso en insatisfacción corporal, afecto negativo, funcionamiento físico, rol físico y funcionamiento social.
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Resumen ANTECEDENTES: Las anomalías de posición fetal se asocian con la deficiente evolución de trabajo de parto. El ultrasonido durante el trabajo de parto es una herramienta complementaria para confirmar los hallazgos obtenidos en la exploración vaginal y definir el tipo de anomalía de posición fetal. CASOS CLÍNICOS: Caso 1: Paciente de 24 años, primigesta, con 41 semanas de embarazo y ruptura prematura de membranas. Ingresó al área de tococirugía por completar la dilatación y borramiento cervical, sin evolución del trabajo de parto durante 120 minutos. El ultrasonido transabdominal suprapúbico reportó el signo de estrabismo. El embarazo finalizó por cesárea y se corroboró la anomalía fetal de posición occipito-posterior. Caso 2: Paciente de 29 años, primigesta, con 39 semanas de embarazo e hipertensión gestacional, quien completó la dilatación y borramiento cervical y durante 120 minutos no hubo descenso del polo cefálico. A la exploración vaginal se detectó variedad de posición fetal occipito-transversa. El ultrasonido transabdominal suprapúbico mostró el signo de estrabismo. El embarazo finalizó mediante cesárea y la evolución para la madre y su hijo fue satisfactoria. CONCLUSIONES: La ecografía es un estudio efectivo para la detección de anomalías de posición, pues disminuye las complicaciones materno-fetales asociadas con trabajo de parto extendido. Sin embargo, reportar la experiencia de solo dos casos no podría tener validez para sustentar dicha afirmación.
Abstract BACKGROUND: The anomalies of the position are the cause of failure in the task of labor. The ultrasound during labor is a complementary tool to confirm the clinical findings in the vaginal examination and define the type of position abnormality. OBJECTIVE: to report on the use of ultrasound during abnormal labor, such as the detection of the position abnormality. CLINICAL CASES: Case 1: 24-year-old patient with 41 weeks of gestation (SDG) and premature rupture of membranes, entered the area of tochosurgery to complete the dilation and cervical neck, nevertheless worked and delivery for 120 minutes . A suprapubic transabdominal ultrasound was performed, finding a sign of strabismus, the resolution was by caesarean section and an occipito-posterior position anomaly was corroborated. Case 2: 29-year-old patient with 39 SDG and gestational hypertension, it is deduced from the labor, the cervical neck was dilated and for 120 minutes, there was no decrease of the cephalic pole, a variety of occipito place -transverse, suprapubic transabdominal ultrasound was performed, finding a sign of strabismus. The pregnancy ended by caesarean section and the evolution for the mother and her child was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound is an effective study for the detection of position abnormalities, since it reduces maternal-fetal complications associated with extended labor. However, reporting the experience of only two cases could not be valid to support this assertion.
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RESUMEN: Las conexiones anómalas de venas pulmonares fueron descritas por primera vez en 1739. Las anomalías de drenaje de las venas pulmonares se deben a una alteración temprana (día 27-30 del desarrollo) momento en el cual los plexos venosos pulmonares están en conexión con las venas de los sistemas cardinal, umbilical y vitelino, estas conexiones involucionan y el drenaje venoso deriva hacia el atrio izquierdo a través de la vena pulmonar común. En este trabajo presentamos una conexión venosa pulmonar anómala parcial, su conocimiento es relevante pues se asocia en un 80 % a defectos cardiacos, principalmente comunicaciones interatriales. Disección de rutina de un cadáver adulto, de sexo masculino, a nivel del pedículo pulmonar izquierdo. Se describe una vena originada en el lobo pulmonar superior izquierdo que abandona el hilio pulmonar por delante del bronquio, realizando un trayecto ascendente de 10 cm de longitud desde el hilio para terminar desembocando en la vena braquiocefálica izquierda. La vena anómala drena el territorio del lobo superior del pulmón izquierdo. Por su disposición y relaciones, esta vena de trayecto anómalo tiene su origen en la persistencia de las conexiones del sistema venoso pulmonar, en especial las que se establecen con el sistema cardinal anterior izquierdo. Este hallazgo destaca la riqueza y relevancia clínica de la disección en la formación de profesionales de la salud.
SUMMARY: The anomalous connections of the pulmonary veins were first described in 1739. The drainage anomalies of the pulmonary veins are due to an early alteration (day 27-30 of development), during this period the pulmonary venous plexuses are in connection with the cardinal, umbilical and vitelline vein systems. These venous connections return and drain into the left atrium through the common pulmonary vein. In this work we present a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Knowledge of this connection is relevant because it is associated to 80 % of cardiac defects, mainly interatrial communications. During a routine dissection of an adult male cadaver, a vein originating in the left upper lobe was found. The vein originates at the pulmonary hilum in front of the bronchus, with an ascending path of a 10 cm length from the hilum, concluding its trajectory in the left brachiocephalic vein. The anomalous vein drains the left upper lobe of the lung. This anomalous vein originates within the connections of the pulmonary venous system, particularly those found in the left anterior cardinal vein system. This finding highlights the importance and clinical relevance of dissection in the training of health professionals.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Cadaver , Anatomic VariationABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, kinetics and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala root by using standard methods. Methods: Antioxidant activity of the flavonoids was investigated at scavenging free radicals such as 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, reducing capabilities, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid as well as metal chelating capability at different concentrations (0.125-1.000 mg/mL) while the antidiabetic activity was evaluated via the inhibition and kinetics of carbohydrate digestive enzymes including, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase. Brine shrimp lethality assay was also employed to examine the cytotoxic effects of the extract by using different range of concentrations (0.125-2.000 mg/mL). Results: The study revealed the best antioxidant activity of the extract in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid and nitric oxide having IC50 values of (386.90±4.91), (736.00±38.12), (629.30±9.62) g/mL respectively compared with quercetin (standard) with IC50 [(522.20±12.38), (1 021.00±15.61) and (1 075.00±29.35) g/mL] respective values while it was insignificantly (P>0.05) at par with quercetin for reducing power. Similarly, the extract exhibited a moderate inhibition of alpha glucosidase (43.1%), sucrase (33.4%) and maltase (29.9%) activities which were significantly (P<0.05) better than acarbose (18.4%, 12.7% and 24.9% respectively) although acarbose (46.1%) inhibited the higher activity of alpha amylase than the extract (13.7%). The kinetics of mode of inhibition of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase by flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala revealed an uncompetitive, non-competitive, competitive and non-competitive inhibition respectively. The result of the lethality assay showed a potent cytotoxic effect of the flavonoids with LC50 value 0.510 mg/mL. Conclusions: The results obtained from this study are suggestive of the antioxidative, antidiabetic and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids root extract of Dicoma anomala.
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Objective:To investigate the free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, kinetics and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala root by using standard methods.Methods:Antioxidant activity of the flavonoids was investigated at scavenging free radicals such as 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, reducing capabilities, 2,2-azino- bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid as well as metal chelating capability at different concentrations (0.125-1.000 mg/mL) while the antidiabetic activity was evaluated via the inhibition and kinetics of carbohydrate digestive enzymes including, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase. Brine shrimp lethality assay was also employed to examine the cytotoxic effects of the extract by using different range of concentrations (0.125-2.000 mg/mL).Results:The study revealed the best antioxidant activity of the extract in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid and nitric oxide having ICConclusions:The results obtained from this study are suggestive of the antioxidative, antidiabetic and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids root extract of Dicoma anomala.
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RESUMEN Se obtuvieron aislamientos de levaduras a partir de muéstreos en tanques de combustible de vehículos urbanos, con el objeto de evaluar su potencial actividad de degradación de hidrocarburos aromáticos derivados del petróleo. Se realizaron ensayos de crecimiento en medio mínimo mineral sólido utilizando distintos hidrocarburos (benceno, tolueno, naftaleno, fenantreno, y pireno). Los aislamientos que presentaron crecimiento notorio en alguno de los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos fueron identificados mediante secuenciación Sanger de los marcadores moleculares ITS1 e ITS2 del ARNr. Se obtuvieron 16 aislados de levaduras, de las cuales tres presentaron crecimiento conspicuo con hidrocarburos aromáticos como única fuente de carbono. Las cepas identificadas pertenecen al género Rhodotorula y corresponden a las especies Rhodotorula calyptogenae (99,8% de identidad) y Rhodotorula dairenensis (99,8% de identidad). Dichas cepas presentaron crecimiento en benceno, tolueno, naftaleno, fenantreno. En este estudio se reporta por primera vez la presencia de levaduras del género Rhodotorula que habitan los ductos y tanques de gasolina de vehículos urbanos, así como su capacidad para utilizar distintos hidrocarburos aromáticos que son contaminantes para el medio ambiente. Estos resultados sugieren que dichas levaduras constituyen potenciales candidatos para la degradación de éstos compuestos, como parte de estrategias de biorremediación.
ABSTRACT Yeast isolates were obtained from fuel tanks of vehicles in order to assess their potential use in the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Growth assays were performed in minimum mineral medium using different aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene) as the sole carbon source. Isolates that showed growth in any of the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified by Sanger sequencing of the ITS1 and ITS2 rDNA molecular markers. A total of 16 yeasts strains were isolated, and three showed remarkable growth in media with aromatic hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source. These strains belong to the genus Rhodotorula, and correspond to the species Rhodotorula calyp-togenae (99,8% identity) and Rhodotorula dairenensis (99,8% identity). These strains grew in benzene, toluene, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene. This study demonstrates for the first time that yeasts of the genus Rhodotorula inhabit pipelines and fuel tanks of vehicles and that remove aromatic hydrocarbons that are environmental pollutants. Our results suggest that these yeasts are potential candidates for aromatic hydrocarbon degradation as part of bioremediation strategies.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo fue establecer, a través del análisis de un caso clínico, que la falta de distinción entre el adentro y el afuera de la paciente era uno de los factores centrales de su síntoma alimentario: los «atracones¼ con lechuga. Para tal fin se presentan viñetas del proceso terapéutico que, bajo un enfoque psicodinámico y un dispositivo bifocal, fue llevado a cabo con Rosa a lo largo de 10 años, con énfasis en la relación transferencia-contratransferencia. Viñetas y aspectos evocados del caso se teorizan a partir de los planteamientos de diversos autores. El proceso terapéutico permitió construir-reconstruir lo que falló en el desarrollo temprano de Rosa, a través del cual fue edificando una imagen corporal y psíquica de sí misma, enriqueciendo su Self y sus relaciones interpersonales. Esta experiencia clínica invita a pensar que las fallas tempranas se presentan a través de múltiples expresiones -con predominio en cuerpo o en psique- y su tratamiento requirió el abordaje de múltiples aspectos y, en ello, el dispositivo bifocal usado mostró ser una opción pertinente.
Abstract The aim of this study was to establish that the lack of distinction between inside and outside of the patient presented was one of the nuclear factors in Rosa's eating symptom. For this purpose we present the clinical materials issued from the psychotherapeutic process carried on with Rosa during 10 years -one of the two components of the bifocal therapy-emphasizing the transference-countertransference relation. The comprehension achieved from clinical materials is enriched by means of discussing approaches of several authors on relevant concepts. Results showed that what had failed during Rosa's early development was built-rebuilt throughout therapy. She worked on building a bodily and mental image, enriched her self and her relationships with others. This clinical experience is an invitation to think about the great variety of expressions -sometimes by means of the body and sometimes of the psyche- of early failures and also, that treatments must include various aspects, with bifocal therapy being an option.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivos Describir morfológicamente un bloque visceral toracoabdominal de un caso de síndrome de la cimitarra. Proponer una hipótesis patogenética que explique el desarrollo de las conexiones venosas pulmonares de este síndrome. Método El espécimen anatómico se describió con el sistema secuencial segmentario. Se determinó el situs, las conexiones entre los segmentos cardíacos y las anomalías agregadas. Se describió la anatomía de ambos pulmones, incluida la conexión venosa pulmonar. Se elaboró una hipótesis patogenética que explica la conexión venosa pulmonar a través de una correlación entre la patología del síndrome y el desarrollo normal de las venas pulmonares. Resultados El situs fue solitus, las conexiones entre los segmentos cardíacos fueron normales, existió hipoplasia y displasia del pulmón derecho con secuestro del lóbulo inferior; las venas pulmonares derechas drenaron a un colector curvo en la porción suprahepática de la vena cava inferior y las venas pulmonares izquierdas lo hicieron a la aurícula izquierda. El secuestro pulmonar recibió irrigación a través de una colateral aortopulmonar. Existió una comunicación interauricular. Conclusiones La hipótesis patogenética propone que las conexiones venosas pulmonares de este síndrome representan la persistencia del horizonte XIV de Streeter (28-30 días de desarrollo), período en el que el seno de las venas pulmonares presenta conexión venosa doble con la aurícula izquierda y con un colector de la conexión primitiva que desemboca en la vitelina derecha de la que se deriva la porción suprahepática de la vena cava inferior.
Abstract Objectives To describe morphologically a toracoabdominal visceral block of a scimitar's syndrome case. We propose a pathogenetic theory wich explains the development of the pulmonary venous connection in this syndrome. Method The anatomic specimen was described with the segmental sequential system. The situs was solitus, the connections between the cardiac segments and the associated anomalies were determined. The anatomy of both lungs, including the venous pulmonary connection, was described. A pathogenetic hypothesis was made, which explains the pulmonary venous connection throw a correlation between the pathology of this syndrome and the normal development of the pulmonary veins. Results The situs was solitus, the connections of the cardiac chambers were normal; there were hypoplasia and dysplasia of the right lung with sequestration of the inferior lobe; the right pulmonary veins were connected with a curved collector which drainaged into the suprahepatic segment of the inferior vena cava; the left pulmonary veins were open into the left atrium. The sequestered inferior lobe of the right lung received irrigation throw a collateral aortopulmonary vessel. There was an atrial septal defect. Conclusions The pathogenetic hypothesis propose that the pulmonary venous connection in this syndrome represent the persistent of the Streeter's horizon XIV (28-30 days of development), period in which the sinus of the pulmonary veins has double connection, with the left atrium and with a primitive collector into the right viteline vein which forms the suprahepatic segment of the inferior vena cava.
Subject(s)
Humans , Scimitar Syndrome/embryology , Pulmonary Veins/anatomy & histology , Pulmonary Veins/embryologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Aberrant right subclavian artery-esophageal fistula is a rare but potentially fatal complication. It may be associated with procedures, such as tracheostomy and tracheal or esophageal intubation, and yields massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding difficult to identify and to control. A high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and better prognosis. We report a rare case of a patient who survived after emergent surgical procedure for massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to aberrant right subclavian artery-esophageal fistula after prolonged intubation.
RESUMO A fístula de artéria subclávia direita anômala com o esôfago é uma complicação rara, mas potencialmente fatal. Pode estar associada a procedimentos como traqueostomia e intubação traqueal ou esofágica e originar hemorragia digestiva alta maciça, de difícil identificação e controle. Um elevado índice de suspeição é essencial para o diagnóstico precoce e a melhoria do prognóstico. Relatamos caso raro de doente que sobreviveu após intervenção cirúrgica emergente por hemorragia digestiva alta maciça secundária a fístula de artéria subclávia direita anômala com esôfago, após intubação gástrica prolongada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Subclavian Artery/abnormalities , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Esophageal Fistula/complications , Cardiovascular Abnormalities/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Aneurysm/complications , Time , Esophageal Fistula/surgery , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgeryABSTRACT
Las anomalías de drenajes de las venas pulmonares se deben a una alteración precoz en el desarrollo embrionario de las venas pulmonares (derechas o izquierdas) mientras están presentes aún conexiones con venas sistémicas (cardinal, umbilicovitelinas). La conexión anómala total de las venas pulmonares constituye entre 0.4 y 2.0% de las cardiopatías congénitas: ocurre en 6.8 de cada 100,000 individuos. Se diagnostica en 68% de los pacientes en etapa neonatal, lo que refleja la gravedad de esta cardiopatía. La variedad de conexión anómala total de las venas pulmonares infracardiaca representa entre 15 y 26% de todas sus variedades.
The anomalies of pulmonary venous drainage due to alteration in early embryonic development of the pulmonary veins (right or left) while still connections are present with systemic veins (cardinal, umbilicovitelins). These malformations represent 0.4 to 2.0 % of all congenital heart diseases, with an incidence of 6.8 patients in every 100,000 births. Sixty eight percent of the cases are diagnosed in newborns, which indicates that most patients are symptomatic early in life. The infracardiac TAPVC represent 15 to 25% of all TAPVC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Cyanosis , Heart Defects, Congenital , Portal Vein , Pulmonary VeinsABSTRACT
Objective To determine the concentration of eupatilin and arteanoflavone in A rtemisia anomala by high per-formance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methods A rtemisia anomala was extracted by ultrasonic for 60 minutes with 10 times volume of methanol.The HPLC was performed on a SHISEIDO MG-C18 column (3.0 mm × 100 mm,3μm).The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile (ACN) and 0.1% formic acid (40:60,V/V ).The detection wavelength was 350 nm,the column temperature was 25 ℃ and the injection volumn was 5μl.Results Eupatilin and arteanoflavone were separated at base-line within 15min with good linearity.The method validation results show that the precisions,repeatability and stability were all in the normal range.The low,medium and high level recoveries of eupatilin were 100.26%,99.58%,102.24%,and those of arteanoflavone were 99.09%,101.12%,101.43%,respectively.Conclusion The method was rapid,simple,reproductive and accurate.It can be used to control the quality of Artemisia anomala.
ABSTRACT
Prolonged alcohol consumption causes alcoholic liver damage due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, the accumulation of fatty acids, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines in the liver. In this study, the protective effect of a fruit extract of Paeonia anomala (FEPA) against chronic alcohol-induced liver damage was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats fed an ethanol or a control Lieber-DeCarli diet for 5 weeks to induce alcoholic liver damage. FEPA (50, 25, and 10 mg/kg body weight/day) as well as the reference control silymarin (25 mg/kg body weight/day) were administered along with the ethanol diet. FEPA protected against increases in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum and attenuated alcohol-induced increases in triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and cytochrome P450 2E1 enzyme activity in the liver compared with the group treated with ethanol only. Anti-oxidative defenses such as the total glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity were increased by FEPA treatment. These results suggest that FEPA exerts protective effects against chronic alcohol-induced liver damage by attenuating hepatosteatosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhancing anti-oxidative defense mechanisms in the liver.