ABSTRACT
Introducción: La región perianal es un área muy rica en terminaciones nerviosas sensitivas, hecho que determina que el erotismo anal sea frecuente, independientemente de la identidad y orientación sexuales. Pese a ello, el impacto del sexo anal receptivo (SAR) en la salud anal ha sido poco estudiado. Algunas personas experimentan dolor durante las relaciones sexuales anorreceptivas. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron evaluar su prevalencia en una muestra del colectivo de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) residentes en la Argentina, e identificar potenciales factores asociados a su aparición.Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, transversal.Población y método: Se diseñó una encuesta que incluyó variables demográficas y factores relacionados con el SAR. Fue respondida de forma voluntaria y anónima por Internet entre marzo de 2015 y febrero de 2016. Se incluyeron HSH mayores de 18 años residentes en la Argentina, que hubieran practicado SAR durante las últimas cuatro semanas. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos bivariados y multivariados en modelos de regresión logística. Resultados: Respondieron la encuesta 208 HSH. Se seleccionaron para el análisis 135 (64,9%) que acreditaron haber mantenido SAR en las últimas cuatro semanas. El 76,3% pertenecía a la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y Provincia de Buenos Aires. El 92,6% tenía estudios superiores. El 88,9% manifestó experimentar algún nivel de dolor durante el SAR, siendo grave en el 5,5% de los casos. En el análisis bivariado se identificaron como variables asociadas al desarrollo de dolor: "edad", "edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales en general", "miedo a sufrir dolor", "fisting" y "miedo al ensuciamiento". En el modelo multivariado surgieron como potenciales factores de riesgo, "edad de salida del placard", "miedo a sufrir dolor" y "uso de poppers". Como posibles factores protectores, "fisting", "edad al momento del estudio" y "edad de inicio de relaciones con otros hombres". Conclusiones: Este estudio se focalizó en la anodispareunia experimentada específicamente por el colectivo homosexual masculino en Argentina. El 88,8% experimentó algún nivel de dolor, siendo grave en el 5,5%. Como en otros estudios, en éste se identificaron posibles factores predisponentes, algunos modificables y otros no. Un mayor conocimiento de los potenciales factores influyentes permitirá un mejor asesoramiento de los profesionales sanitarios a la población afectada sobre prevención del dolor en particular y sobre el erotismo anal en general. (AU)
Introduction: The perianal region is very rich in sensory nerve endings, which determines that anal erotism is frequent, regardless of sexual identity and sexual orientation. Despite this, the impact of receptive anal sex (RAS) on anal health has been little studied. Some people experience pain during anoreceptive sex. The objectives of this study were to evaluate its prevalence in a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) resident in Argentina and identify potential factors associated with its appearance.Design: Descriptive, transversal study.Population and method: A voluntary and anonymous survey was designed. It included demographic variables and factors related to RAS. It was answered on the Internet between March 2015 and February 2016. MSM over 18 years of age resident in Argentina, who had practiced RAS during the last four weeks, were included. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyzes were performed in logistic regression models.Results: Two hundred and eight MSM answered the survey. One hundred and thirty-five (64.9%) who had maintained RAS in the last four weeks were selected for the analysis. 76.3% belonged to the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires and the Buenos Aires Province. 92.6% had higher education. 88.9% reported that they experienced some level of pain during RAS, being severe in 5.5% of cases. In the bivariate analysis were identified as variables associated with the development of pain: "age", "age of onset of sexual relations in general", "fear of suffering pain", "fisting" and "fear of getting dirty". In the multivariate model, the "age of coming out", the "fear of suffering pain" and the "use of poppers" appeared as possible risk factors. As possible protective factors, "fisting", "outing age", "age" and "age when starting relationships with other men". Conclusions: This study focused on the anodyspareunia experienced specifically by the male homosexual group in Argentina. 88.9% experienced some level of pain, being severe in 5.5%. As in other studies, possible predisposing factors have been identified in this one; some modifiable and others not. A greater knowledge of the potential influential factors will allow a better advice of health professionals to the affected population on pain prevention and on anal erotism in general. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anus Diseases/epidemiology , Sexual Behavior , Pain Measurement/statistics & numerical data , Homosexuality, Male , Dyspareunia/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Resumo O texto discute gestões de risco para o HIV no sexo anal desprotegido (SAD) realizadas por homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Está embasado na análise de 25 entrevistas com enfoque biográfico com HSH e observação participante na comunidade gay do Recife. Os homens utilizam a soroescolha: SAD com parceiros de mesma sorologia. Além da testagem, são empregados outros indicadores para inferir a condição sorológica negativa. Estilizações corporais, nuançadas pelos vínculos com os parceiros, produzem emoções que medeiam o SAD. Dada a precariedade dos indicadores utilizados, os homens recorrem muito ao teste anti-HIV. Este acontece após a exposição ao risco, como um ritual reparador para o drama do sexo desprotegido, mas sem eficácia preventiva individual.
Abstract The text discusses HIV risk management in unprotected anal sex (UAS) carried out by men who have sex with men (MSM). It is based on analyses of 25 interviews with a biographical focus with MSM, and participant observation in the gay community of Recife. The men use serosorting: UAS is chosen with partners of the same serology. Besides testing, other indicators are used to infer a serologically negative condition. Body stylizations, nuanced by affective bonds with the partners, produce emotions which mediate the willingness to engage in UAS. As they understand the precariousness of the indicators used, the men often resort to testing. This takes place after exposure to risk, as a repairing ritual for the drama of unprotected sex, but without any individual preventative effectiveness.
Resumen El texto discute el manejo del riesgo para el VIH en el sexo anal sin protección (SASP) llevado a cabo por hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Se basa en el análisis de 25 entrevistas con enfoque biográfico con HSH y la observación participante en la comunidad gay de Recife. Los hombres utilizan el "suero elección": elige para el SASP parejas de la misma serología. Además de las pruebas, utilizan otros indicadores para inferir una condición serológica negativa. Estilizaciones corporales, matizadas por los vínculos afectivos con parejas sexuales, producen emociones que median el SASP. Como entienden la precariedad de los indicadores utilizados, los hombres a menudo recurren a las pruebas. Esto ocurre después de la exposición al riesgo, como un ritual de reparación para el drama del sexo sin protección, pero sin ninguna eficacia preventiva individual.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Sexual Behavior , Brazil , Homosexuality , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , Unsafe Sex , Risk-Taking , Trust , Qualitative Research , Disease PreventionABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the behavior intervention program on men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tianjin.Methods From April 2013 to September 2017,MSM were enrolled from MSM gathering places and through mobile intemet to establish an open prospective cohort.Interventions were conducted in every follow-up meeting,while the changes of behaviors and HIV infection and syphilis incidences in the MSM before and after intervention were compared.Results A total of 1 822 MSM were interviewed at baseline survey,with 1 007 eligible MSM were enrolled in the cohort.A total of 39 new cases of HIV infection were reported,and the cumulative observation time on cohort follow-up was 2 216.96 person-year,with the HIV incidence rate as 1.76 per 100 person-years.Among them,934 MSM were sero-negative for syphilis in baseline survey.A total of 100 new cases of syphilis were reported,and the cumulative observation time of cohort follow-up was 1 959.94 person-year,the syphilis incidence rate was 5.10 per 100 person-years.With health education and intervention conducted,the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge for MSM increased.Though the rate of anal sex increased after intervention,the rate of condom use in anal sex increased,too.The rate of condom use decreased after receiving more than 3 interventions.Data from the multivariate GEE analysis indicated that protective factors might be as follows:education level of college and above (aOR=0.81,95％CI:0.68-0.98),awareness of AIDS related knowledge (aOR=0.52,95％ CI:0.36-0.75),ever receiving condom promotion and distribution in the past six months (aOR=0.60,95％CI:0.49-0.74),being recruited from mobile intemet (aOR=0.85,95％CI:0.73-1.00)and times of cumulative intervention:one time (aOR=0.55,95％ CI:0.45-0.66),two times (aOR=0.38,95％CI:0.30-0.49),three times (aOR=0.26,95％CI:0.20-0.35),four times and above (aOR=0.24,95％CI:0.17-0.33).Diagnoses of STDs in the past six months (aOR=1.43,95％CI:1.06-1.96),using rush-poppers (aOR=1.22,95％ CI:1.02-1.47) might be risk factors.Conclusions After continuous behavior intervention,the incidence of HIV infection and syphilis were at a low level in the MSM cohort in Tianjin.Their awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge and the rate of condom use increased.But there are still many risk factors influencing the unprotected anal sex in MSM.We should continuously carry out behavioral intervention programs to prevent unprotected anal sex among MSM.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the behavior intervention program on men who have sex with men (MSM) in Tianjin.Methods From April 2013 to September 2017,MSM were enrolled from MSM gathering places and through mobile intemet to establish an open prospective cohort.Interventions were conducted in every follow-up meeting,while the changes of behaviors and HIV infection and syphilis incidences in the MSM before and after intervention were compared.Results A total of 1 822 MSM were interviewed at baseline survey,with 1 007 eligible MSM were enrolled in the cohort.A total of 39 new cases of HIV infection were reported,and the cumulative observation time on cohort follow-up was 2 216.96 person-year,with the HIV incidence rate as 1.76 per 100 person-years.Among them,934 MSM were sero-negative for syphilis in baseline survey.A total of 100 new cases of syphilis were reported,and the cumulative observation time of cohort follow-up was 1 959.94 person-year,the syphilis incidence rate was 5.10 per 100 person-years.With health education and intervention conducted,the awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge for MSM increased.Though the rate of anal sex increased after intervention,the rate of condom use in anal sex increased,too.The rate of condom use decreased after receiving more than 3 interventions.Data from the multivariate GEE analysis indicated that protective factors might be as follows:education level of college and above (aOR=0.81,95％CI:0.68-0.98),awareness of AIDS related knowledge (aOR=0.52,95％ CI:0.36-0.75),ever receiving condom promotion and distribution in the past six months (aOR=0.60,95％CI:0.49-0.74),being recruited from mobile intemet (aOR=0.85,95％CI:0.73-1.00)and times of cumulative intervention:one time (aOR=0.55,95％ CI:0.45-0.66),two times (aOR=0.38,95％CI:0.30-0.49),three times (aOR=0.26,95％CI:0.20-0.35),four times and above (aOR=0.24,95％CI:0.17-0.33).Diagnoses of STDs in the past six months (aOR=1.43,95％CI:1.06-1.96),using rush-poppers (aOR=1.22,95％ CI:1.02-1.47) might be risk factors.Conclusions After continuous behavior intervention,the incidence of HIV infection and syphilis were at a low level in the MSM cohort in Tianjin.Their awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge and the rate of condom use increased.But there are still many risk factors influencing the unprotected anal sex in MSM.We should continuously carry out behavioral intervention programs to prevent unprotected anal sex among MSM.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Optimizar una técnica PCR que permita evaluar la presencia de C. trachomatis en hisopados anorrectales provenientes de HSH. En Colombia se notifican anualmente más de 70.000 casos nuevos de ITS, de los cuales se estima que aproximadamente el 9.3% corresponde a uretritis entre las que se encuentran las causadas por C. trachomatis. Métodos. Uno de los problemas en el método de detección de C. trachomatis por PCR en muestras de hisopado anorrectal es la extracción de ADN, el uso de equipos automatizados dispuestos en el mercado resulta costoso y en muchos de los casos no están disponibles en el laboratorio clínico de rutina. En este estudio se realizó una PCR para detección de C. trachomatis, estableciendo un protocolo para la toma de muestra y extracción de ADN a partir de hisopos anorrectales. Resultados. Se procesaron 27 muestras correspondientes a HSH voluntarios pertenecientes al Grupo de apoyo y estudio de la Diversidad Sexual (GAEDS) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se encontraron 5 muestras positivas para C. trachomatis en hombres sintomáticos y asintomáticos relacionado con el riesgo de adquirir infección por sus prácticas sexuales.
Objective. optimize a PCR technique to evaluate the presence of C. trachomatis in anorectal swabs from MSM. In Colombia there are reported each year more than 70,000 new cases of STIs, of which it is estimated that approximately 9.3% is urethritis among which are those caused by C. trachomatis. Methods. DNA extraction is one of the problems in the method of detecting C. trachomatis by PCR anorectal swab samples. Besides, the use of automated equipment arranged on the market is expensive and in many cases the samples are not available in the clinical laboratory routine. In this study it was performed PCR for detection of C. trachomatis protocol establishing the sampling and DNA extraction from anorectal swabs. Results. 27 samples were processed corresponding HSH volunteers belonging to the Support group and study of Sexual Diversity (GAEDS) of the National University of Colombia. 5 samples positive for C. trachomatis associated with both symptomatic and asymptomatic men at high risk of acquiring infection because of their sexual practices were found.
Subject(s)
Humans , Chlamydia trachomatis , Sexual Behavior , Homosexuality , Sexually Transmitted DiseasesABSTRACT
El propósito del presente trabajo fue revisar de manera sistemática los predictores de las conductas sexuales de riesgo para VIH/SIDA de los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres. Se realizaron búsquedas de artículos en 12 bases de datos electrónicas. Se utilizaron combinaciones de 11 palabras claves de acuerdo al Medical Subject Headings. Se siguió la guía Critical Appraisal Skills Program en español para seleccionar los estudios incluidos en el análisis. De 309, 10 investigaciones de tipo correlacional cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y de evaluación. Se concluye que el nivel de escolaridad, ingresos, red social, homofobia internalizada y machismo destacan entre los predictores socioculturales; identidad sexual, autoeficacia, actitudes hacia el uso del preservativo y conocimiento sobre VIH/SIDA destacan entre los predictores psicológicos.
The purpose of this paper was to review systematically the predictors of sexual risk behavior for HIV/AIDS of men who have sex with men. It was searched articles within 12 electronic databases. It was used 11 keywords combinations according to Medical Subject Headings. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program in Spanish was followed to select the studies included in the analysis. Ten of 309 correlational researches met the selection criteria, and evaluation criteria. It is concluded that education level, income, internalized homophobia, social network and machismo highlighted among socio-cultural predictors; and sexual identity, self-effi cacy, attitudes towards condom use and knowledge about HIV/AIDS highlighted among psychological predictors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Condoms , Sexual Behavior , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Risk Assessment , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Risk-Taking , Socioeconomic Factors , HIV Infections/epidemiologyABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: el virus del papiloma humano se asocia a las neoplasias cervicales y epiteliales anales. Objetivos: determinar la prevalencia de neoplasia intraepitelial anal (NIA) y las características clínicas en mujeres que acuden al consultorio de patología cervical en el Hospital Regional de San Lorenzo. Materiales y Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo realizado en 900 mujeres que acudieron al consultorio de patología cervical en el Hospital Regional de San Lorenzo, en los años 2012-2013 mediante colposcopía y citología anal. Resultados: Se encontraron 60 casos (8,5%) de NIA. Las características de las pacientes con NIA fueron: grupo etario predominante 19 a 25 años, 50% de práctica de relaciones sexuales anales, 25% con tabaquismo, inicio de las relaciones sexuales antes de los 16 años (70%), 2 a 4 parejas sexuales (81,6%). El riesgo de NIA en pacientes con hábitos sexuales anales fue significativo: OR 1,91 (IC95% 1,09-3,36) (p 0,01). Conclusiones: la prevalencia de NIA en mujeres fue 8,5%. Se halló asociación significativa con hábito de relaciones sexuales anales.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Human papillomavirus associated with cervical and anal epithelial neoplasia. Objectives: To determine the prevalence clinic of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and the clinical characteristics in women attending the out patient of cervical pathology in the Regional Hospital of San Lorenzo. Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive, prospective study of 900 women attended the out patient clinic of cervical pathology in the Regional Hospital of San Lorenzo, in the years 2012-2013 through anal cytology and colposcopy. Results: 60 cases (8.5%) of NIA where found. The characteristics of the patients with NIA were: predominant age group 19-25 years, 50% of them sexual practicing anal intercourse, 25% smoking, initiation of sexual intercourse before 16 year of age (70%), 2-4 sexual pairs (81.6%). NIA risk in patients with anal sexual habits were significant: OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.09 to 3.36) (p 0.01). Conclusions: The prevalence of AIN in women was 8.5%. Significant association was found with anal sexual intercourse.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: a incontinência anal (IA) é uma disfunção de origem multifatorial com impacto significativo na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Dentre as diversas etiologias para IA encontra-se a traumática, provocada pela penetração de objetos no canal anal. A inclusão do ânus na atividade sexual, já vem sendo descrita, principalmente entre homossexuais do sexo masculino. A partir desta premissa, questionou-se nesta pesquisa a possibilidade da penetração do pênis no ânus se enquadrar como etiologia traumática da incontinência anal. OBJETIVO: verificar a possível correlação entre a incontinência anal e a prática de sexo anal utilizando variáveis como idade, tempo de prática e a freqüência semanal de sexo anal. Métodos: 100 homossexuais masculinos passivos responderam um questionário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras e um Índice de Incontinência Anal. RESULTADOS: a incontinência anal estava presente em 62 por cento, sendo que a perda de gases foi considerada a mais significativa. Contudo, as correlações propostas não se apresentaram estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÃO: a maioria dos homossexuais apresentou algum grau de incontinência anal, provavelmente em decorrência da prática do sexo anal.
INTRODUCTION: the anal incontinence (AI) is a disfunction of multifactorial origin with significant impact in thequality of life of the individual. Amongst the diverse etiologies for AI meets it traumatic, provoked for the object penetration inthe anal canal. The inclusion of the anus in the sexual activity, already comes being described, mainly between homosexuals ofthe masculine sex. From this premise, the possibility of the penetration of the penis in the anus was questioned in this researchif to fit as traumatic etiology of the anal incontinence. OBJECTIVE: to verify the possible correlation between changeable the analincontinence and the practical one of anal sex being used as age, practical time of and the weekly frequency of anal sex. Methods:100 passive masculine homosexuals had answered a questionnaire elaborated for the researchers and an Index of Anal Incontinence. RESULTS: the anal incontinence was present in 62 percent, being that the loss of gases was considered most significant. However, thecorrelations proposals had not been presented statistical significant. CONCLUSION: the majority of the homosexuals presentedsome degree of anal incontinence, probably in result of the practical one of the anal sex.