Alterações das pressões anais em pacientes constipados por defecação obstruída / Anal pressure changes in patients with outlet constipation

INTRODUÇÃO: a constipação é um sintoma de doença multifatorial. O diagnóstico correto é importante para orientar a terapêutica. Nas formas de defecação obstruída há vários fatores relacionados como gênero, idade, hábitos, paridade, doenças associadas e distúrbios específicos da evacuação. Entre os métodos para diagnóstico a manometria é usada pela facilidade técnica e disponibilidade. OBJETIVO: verificar o valor da manometria isoladamente em constipados por defecação obstruída. MÉTODO: examinamos quarenta pacientes do Ambulatório de Coloproctologia da Santa Casa de São Paulo com diagnóstico de defecação obstruída. As medidas de pressão retal e anal foram comparadas com um grupo controle de 60 indivíduos considerados normais do ponto de vista proctológico. Separados os pacientes consoante a causa da constipação, verificou-se o valor do método manométrico em cada causa específica. RESULTADOS: houve somente diferenças entre as medidas de pressão retal e anal em repouso e pressão máxima de contração entre os normais e os vários tipos de constipados, mas não diferenças específicas entre as várias modalidades de constipação. CONCLUSÃO: os vários métodos de fisiologia anal são importantes e necessários em conjunto para o diagnóstico correto. A manometria contribui para a investigação dos distúrbios funcionais, devendo sempre ser incluída. Contudo, seu valor como método isolado é questionável.

BACKGROUND: constipation is a complex problem and precise diagnosis is required for adequate therapy. When treating patients with obstructed defecation, many factors as gender, age, personal habits, childbirth, associated diseases and other specific pelvic disorders must be considered. Manometry is the preferred diagnosis method due to its simplicity and general availability. OBJECTIVE: the aim of this work was to determine rectal and anal pressures in patients with outlet constipation. METHOD: forty patients diagnosed with outlet constipation were examined using manometry by Coloproctology Ambulatory of Santa Casa of São Paulo. The results were compared with a control group of 60 normal. Rectal and anal pressures were measured by ballon manometry , with the patients grouped by type of constipation. RESULTS: we observed alterations in rectal and anal resting and anal squeese pressures in constipated individuals, but no pressure differences between the various types of constipation. CONCLUSION: the different diagnostic methods are relevant for a correct diagnosis. Although baloon manometry should be one of these procedures, it should not be used as the only diagnosis method.

Effect of Rectal Electrical Stimulation in Patients with Neurogenic Bowel due to Spinal Cord Injury

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the effect of the rectal electrical stimulation in patients with neurogenic bowel due to SCI. METHOD: Twelve patients with SCI who have the symptoms of neurogenic bowel were recruited as subjects. Before and after electrical stimulation, anorectal angle and anal pressure was measured. RESULTS: 1. There was a reverse correlation between pre- electrical stimulation anorectal angle and colon transit time in rectosigmoid segment (p<0.05). 2. Anal pressure of post-electrical stimulation was significantly decreased compared with that of pre-electrical stimulation (p<0.05). 3. Anorectal angle of post-electrical stimulation was significantly increased compared with that of pre-electrical stimulation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that rectal electrical stimulation for neurogenic bowel in patients with SCI could be helpful defecation method for bowel emptying.