ABSTRACT
Quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is the wisdom crystallization of the long-term medication experience of the pharmacists in the past dynasties， and is a quality evaluation system with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Because of its simple language， easy to understand and easy to operate， it plays an important guiding role in the quality evaluation of TCM. Modern electronic sensory apparatus technology can realize the objective expression of TCM characters. Some scholars correlated their expression results with the contents of the main chemical components in TCM， proving that quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials has a certain scientific basis. However， the scientific connotation of quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials has not yet been clearly clarified. There is a lack of systematic research on which characters of TCM can truly reflect its quality. Therefore， the author summarizes quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials from three aspects. It makes clear that the idea of quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is derived from analogical thinking， and combs the four stages of germination， development， prosperity and maturity experienced in its formation process， summarizes the modern research progress of this theory， clarifies that the role of the theory in evaluating the quality of medicinal materials， guiding the classification of commodity specifications， and harvesting and processing of medicinal materials. It is recommended that the follow-up should be strengthened on the research of quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials， make full use of electronic sensory instruments， liquid-mass spectrometry， biological efficacy evaluation and other technologies， strengthen the objective description of the characteristics of TCM， and attach importance to the analysis of the correlation between the overall characteristics of TCM and its efficacy， and establish a new research model related to the characteristics-active ingredients-pharmaceutical effects of TCM， in order to elucidate the scientific connotation of quality evaluation based on character identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials， so as to better serve the quality evaluation of TCM.
ABSTRACT
Diferentes tipos de artrópodos (miriápodos, crustáceos, insectos, arácnidos) y estadios del desarrollo de los insectos (pupas, larvas, adultos) fueron representados en diferentes materiales como cerámica, piedra y oro, a manera de expresión del conocimiento que los pueblos indígenas tenían y tienen sobre estos animales, y por la asociación que hicieron y hacen de sus características y conductas con la vida y la sociedad humana.
Different types of arthropods (i.e: myriapods, crustaceous, insects, arachnida) and insect development forms (pupas, larvae, adults) were displayed on various materials including ceramics, stone and gold as an expression of indigenous people ancient and present ideology on these animals and due to metaphors between their characteristics and behavior and life and human society.