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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(6): 1497-1503, dic. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421827

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Dental morphology (DM) is the first introduction of dental graduates towards the identification of tooth; hence it is an important component of the dental curriculum. Traditionally, it is taught by manual carving of wax blocks, but the limitations of this method have been highlighted. There is a need to adopt innovative teaching methodologies to invigorate the concepts of dental anatomy (DA) and reduce the stress in teaching and learning with a proposal in standardization of training methodologies worldwide. Methods: A three-phased project was designed with an aim to collect global data related to teaching dental morphology within the dental curriculum. One dental professional actively involved in university teaching of DM subject was invited from 11 countries. The present study involved compilation of data from phase 1 questionnaire responses, followed by its discussion and analysis, and generation of preliminary report. Results: It is universally acknowledged that acquiring dental morphology knowledge by dentists is a prerequisite before they commence clinical practice. Our data points that no uniformity in DA course modules exists throughout the world and globally the subject requires curriculum redesigning. Conclusions: Consensus should be achieved amongst academicians in DM teaching and learning context. Innovative and standardized DM modules with component of computer-based and remote learning techniques should also be introduced.


La morfología dental (MD) es el primer contacto de los estudiantes de odontología con la identificación del diente; por lo tanto, es un componente importante del plan de estudios de la carrera. Tradicionalmente, se enseña mediante el tallado manual de bloques de cera, pero se han destacado las limitaciones de este método. Existe la necesidad de adoptar metodologías de enseñanza innovadoras para dinamizar los conceptos de anatomía dental (AD) y reducir el estrés en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje con una propuesta de estandarización de metodologías de formación, a nivel mundial. Métodos: Se diseñó un proyecto de tres fases con el objetivo de recopilar datos globales relacionados con la enseñanza de la morfología dental dentro del plan de estudios dental. Se invitó a un profesional de la odontología de cada uno de 11 países que participa activamente en la enseñanza universitaria de la MD. Esto incluyó la recopilación de datos de las respuestas a un cuestionario en la fase 1, seguida de su discusión y análisis, y la generación de un informe preliminar. Resultados: Se reconoce universalmente que la adquisición de conocimientos de morfología dental por parte de los odontólogos es un requisito previo antes de comenzar la práctica clínica. Nuestros datos indican que no existe uniformidad en los módulos del curso de AD en todo el mundo, por lo que el tema requiere un rediseño del plan de estudios. Conclusiones: Debe lograrse consenso entre los académicos en el contexto de enseñanza y aprendizaje de MD. También se deben introducir módulos innovadores y estandarizados de MD con componentes de aprendizaje remoto y de base digital.


Subject(s)
Tooth/anatomy & histology , Curriculum , Education, Dental , Global Health
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 37(1): 93-97, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-990011

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Manual skills form only a part of the capabilities required for a future dentist. Nevertheless, they are very important components that should be tested. The aim of this study is to investigate if a correlation exists between dental students' grades in the preclinical courses and their clinical performance. Preclinical/clinical grades were collected for first, fourth, and fifth year students who graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, in 2016, and 2017. Two courses (Dental Anatomy and Operative Dentistry) were selected. Corre-lations comparing the practical grades of Dental Anatomy course for first year students, and the practical grades of Operative Dentistry course for the same students in fourth and fifth years. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between the soap carving grades of first-year dental students and their practical grades in Operative Dentistry course during fourth and fifth years. Also, statistically significant strong positive correlation was found between the grades of fourth-year practical Operative Dentistry and the grades of fifth-year practical Operative Dentistry. The clinical performance of dental students in their practical courses in fourth and fifth years can be predicted from their soap carving grades at their first year in Dental School.


RESUMEN: Las habilidades manuales forman solo una parte de las capacidades requeridas para un futuro dentista. Sin embargo, son componentes muy importantes que deben ser probados. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar si existe una correlación entre las calificaciones de los estudiantes de odontología en los cursos preclínicos y su desempeño clínico. Los grados preclínicos / clínicos se obtuvieron para los estudiantes de primero, cuarto y quinto año, graduados de la Facultad de Odontología, de la Universidad de Jordania, Amman, Jordania, en 2016 y 2017. Se seleccionaron dos cursos (Anatomía Dental y Odontología Operativa). Correlaciones que comparan los grados prácticos del curso de Anatomía Dental para estudiantes de primer año y las notas de calificación prácticas del curso de Odontología Operativa para los mismos estudiantes en cuarto y quinto año. Se encontró una correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa, entre las notas de tallado de jabón de los estudiantes de primer año de odontología y sus notas de calificación prácticas en el curso de Odontología Operativa durante el cuarto y quinto años. Además, se encontró una fuerte correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre las notas de calificación en Odontología Operativa práctica de cuarto año y los grados de Odontología Operativa práctica de quinto año. El rendimiento clínico de los estudiantes de odontología en sus cursos prácticos en cuarto y quinto año se puede predecir a partir de las calificaciones en tallado de jabón durante su primer año en la Escuela de Odontología.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Students, Dental/psychology , Dentistry, Operative/education , Academic Performance , Anatomy/education , Tooth/surgery
3.
Prosthes. Esthet. Sci ; 7(26): 28-31, 20180100. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-884319

ABSTRACT

Para entender a anatomia de cada dente precisamos estudar a sua forma e função, pois cada estrutura está diretamente ligada ao movimento da mandíbula, como altura, inclinação das cúspides e profundidade de fossa. A anatomia deve estar interligada com as condições do antagonista, estando em perfeita harmonia. Este artigo tem a função de detalhar a anatomia do primeiro molar inferior, através de fotos de dentes naturais.


To understand each tooth anatomy, we need to study its shape and function, as each structure is directly linked to the mandible movement, such as height, cusp slope and pit depth. Anatomy must be interconnected with the antagonist conditions, being in perfect harmony. This article has the objective to detail the lower first molar anatomy through photos of natural teeth.


Subject(s)
Humans , Molar , Molar/anatomy & histology , Molar/physiology
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(2): 399-403, jun. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714281

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the Dental Sculpture and Anatomy discipline is to introduce undergraduate students to the study of the anatomic and morphological characteristics of permanent and primary human dentition, through classes, books and cognitive and psychomotor activities. This discipline supports the teaching of specific knowledge necessary for a more extensive education, involving interdisciplinarity as a means of knowledge exchange among several areas of dentistry, to achieve comprehensive professional education. Students must recognize the dental morphology from samples of preserved teeth, and reproduce the morphology through three-dimensional models made of stone or wax blocks. In this article, the authors describe the process for producing teeth collars and macro dental models made of stone, their importance and benefits of utilization. The purpose of the study was to encourage the teaching of Dental Sculpture and Anatomy toundergraduate students of the Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, through activities that would associate theory, practice and the development of manual skills.


El propósito de la disciplina sobre escultura y anatomía de dientes es introducir a los estudiantes de pregrado para el estudio de las características anatómicas y morfológicas de la dentición humana permanente y primaria, a través de clases, libros y actividades cognitivas y psicomotoras. Esta disciplina se fundamenta en la enseñanza de conocimientos específicos necesarios para una educación más amplia, que implica la interdisciplinariedad como medio de intercambio de conocimientos entre diferentes áreas en odontología, y de esa forma, lograr una enseñanza profesional integral. Los estudiantes deben identificar la morfología dental a partir de dientes conservados, además de reproducir la morfología a través de modelos tridimensionales elaborados con bloques de yeso tipo piedra o cera. En este estudio, los autores describen el proceso para la producción de collares de dientes y macro modelos dentales hechos de yeso tipo piedra, su importancia y los beneficios de su utilización. El propósito del estudio fue incentivar la enseñanza de la escultura y anatomía dental a los estudiantes de pregrado de la Facultad de Odontología de Bauru, Universidad de São Paulo, a través de actividades que asocian la teoría, práctica y desarrollo de habilidades manuales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Dental/methods , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Anatomy/education , Sculpture , Interdisciplinary Communication
5.
Rev. med. vet. (Bogota) ; (23): 39-50, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-650089

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar y estimar la prevalencia de las enfermedades orales en el equino de trabajo del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Se registraron las variables presencia o no de enfermedad en la cavidad oral, condición corporal (CC), edad, sexo, especie (mular o caballar) y tipo de alimentación. Para analizar la información se crearon cuatro grupos de edad: joven, adulto, maduro, viejo. Se conformaron tres grupos de CC: pobre odelgados (1-2-3), saludable (4-5-6) y obesos (7-8-9), y se observaron tres grupos de alimentación: tipo 1, forraje; tipo 2, forraje + alimento concentrado, y tipo 3, forraje + derivadosde la fabricación de panela (cachaza). Todos los análisis se efectuaron usando el programa SAS. La prevalencia para cada enfermedad se calculó mediante ji-cuadrado (χ2). El efecto de los grupos de edad, CC y alimentación sobre las distintas enfermedades orales se evaluó mediante análisis de varianza (Anova). El nivel de significancia se fijó en p < 0,05. La prevalencia de enfermedad oral hallada fue del 76,5% (n = 400). Se diagnosticaron 32 anormalidades orales diferentes. La CC y la edad tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre la probabilidad deasociarse con afección oral (p < 0,01). El efecto del tipo de alimentación sobre la probabilidad de enfermedad oral fue significativo (p = 0,04), mientras los efectos de sexo y especie no lo fueron. Los equinos estudiados no habían recibido tratamiento odontológico previamente,siendo este un importante campo de acción para los profesionales de dicha región...


The purpose of this paper is to characterize and estimate the prevalence of oral diseases inworking horses in the Department of Caldas, Colombia. The variables, presence or absenceof a disease in the oral cavity, body condition (BC), age, gender, species (mule or horse)and type of food were recorded. To analyze the information, four age groups were created:young adult, mature, old. They were divided into three groups according to BC: poor or thin(1-2-3), healthy (4-5-6) and obese (7-8-9), and three feeding groups were observed: type 1,forage; type 2, forage + concentrated food, and type 3, forage + products made from sugarcane (cachaza). All the analysis were performed using SAS software. The prevalence of eachdisease was calculated using Chi-square (c2). The effect of age groups, BC and feeding on the various oral diseases was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significancelevel was set at p <0.05. The prevalence of oral disease found was 76.5% (n = 400). Thirtytwo(32) different oral abnormalities were diagnosed. BC and age had a significant effecton the likelihood of association to oral disease (p < 0.01). The effect of feeding type on thelikelihood of oral disease was significant (p = 0.04), while the effects of gender and specieswere not. The horses studied had not received any previous dental treatment, which is animportant field for professionals in the region...


O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar e estimar a prevalência das doenças orais no equinode trabalho do departamento de Caldas, Colômbia. Registraram-se as variáveis: presençaou não de doença na cavidade oral, condição corporal (CC), idade, sexo, espécie (mula oucavalo) e tipo de alimentação. Para analisar a informação criaram-se quatro grupos de idade:jovem, adulto, maduro, velho. Formaram-se três grupos de CC: pobres ou magros (1-2-3),saudáveis (4-5-6) e obesos (7-8-9), e observaram-se três grupos de alimentação: tipo 1, forragem;tipo 2, forragem + ração, e tipo 3, forragem + derivados da fabricação da rapadura(bagaço). Todas as análises foram efetuadas usando o programa SAS. A prevalência paracada doença foi calculada mediante o qui-quadrado (c2). O efeito dos grupos de idade, CCe alimentação sobre as diferentes doenças orais avaliaram-se mediante análise de variação(Anova). O nível de significância foi fixado em p < 0,05. A prevalência de doença encontradafoi de 76,5% (n = 400). Diagnosticaram-se 32 anormalidades orais diferentes. A CC e a idadetiveram um efeito significativo sobre a probabilidade de associar-se a problema oral (p <0,01). O efeito do tipo de alimentação sobre a probabilidade de doença oral foi significativo(p = 0,04), enquanto que os efeitos de sexo e espécie não o foram. Os equinos estudados nãohaviam recebido tratamento odontológico previamente, sendo este um importante campode ação para os profissionais dessa região...


Subject(s)
Animals , Horses , Disease , Dentistry , Anatomy
6.
ROBRAC ; 20(52)abr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-609180

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa refere-se ao estudo da anatomia interna da raiz mésio-vestibular dos primeiros e segundos molares superiores permanentes. Material e método: Duzentos e vinte cinco molares tiveram a sua raiz mésio-vestibular seccionada ao nível amelo-cementário e, visualmente, com auxílio de sonda exploradora, foram selecionadas aquelas que apresentaram na região cervical, dois orifícos correspondentes às entradas dos condutos mésio-vestibular e mésio-palatino, perfazendo um total de cem raízes (44,44 %). Todas elas foram submetidas ao processo de diafanização, associada à injeção de hematoxilina, que confere transparência às raízes e coloração aos condutos, permitindo, assim, a avaliação tridimensional da anatomia dental interna. Resultados: A presença de dois condutos percorrendo toda a raiz e terminando separados em dois forames foi observada em 46% da amostra, sendo que 68% em altura apical distinta e, a percentagem de condutos que se fusionaram nos terços cervical, médio ou apical e terminaram em um forame foi de 53%. Encontrou-se, também, uma raiz com três condutos e oito dentes com uma raiz extra, correspondente ao canal mésio-palatino. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que a incidência expressiva de mais de um conduto na raiz mésio-vestibular e o complexo sistema de canais que ela apresenta, pode ter grande influência no sucesso dos tratamentos endodônticos dos molares superiores, exigindo, por isso, atenção especial do endodontista.


Aim: This research concerns the study of the internal anatomy of the mesiobuccal root of the first and second permanent maxillary molars. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty five molars had their mesiobuccal root sectioned at the amelo-cemental. With the aid of the exploratory probe it was conducted a visual selection of the roots that presented at the cervical region two orifices corresponding to the entries of the mesiobuccal and mesiopalatal conduits. The total amount was of one hundred roots (44,44%). All of them underwent the process of diafanization associated with the injection of hematoxylin, what brings transparency to the roots and coloration to the ducts, thus enabling three-dimensional evaluation of the internal dental anatomy. Results: The presence of two conduits running through the entire root and ending in two separate foramina was observed in 46% of the sample, 68% in distinct apical height. The percentage of the conduits that merged at cervical, middle or apical thirds and ended in a foramen was of 53%. It was also found a root with three conduits and eight teeth with an extra root, corresponding to the mesio-palatal canal. Conclusions: The results showed that the expressive incidence of more than one conduit at the mesiobuccal root and the complex system of canals that it presents can have a great influence on the success of treatments of the upper molars, therefore requiring special attention from the endodontist.

7.
Odontol. clín.-cient ; 8(1): 21-28, jan.-mar. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-518018

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever anatômicos gerais dos dentes decíduos, enfatizando os primeiros molares, e mostrar a importância destas caracterísiticas durante os procedimentos restauradores e endodônticos. Este estudo pode facilitar a identificação anatômica dos dentes decíduos e a reconstrução anátomo-funcional peculiar aos primeiros molares.


The aim of the present research is to describe general details from primary teeth, emphasizing first molars and to demonstrate the importance of these characteristics during endodontic and restaurative procedures. This study can facilitate primary teeth anatomic identification and anatomic funcional singular reconstruction of first deciduous molars.


Subject(s)
Tooth/anatomy & histology , Molar , Tooth, Deciduous
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