Correlation of serum androgen and gonadotropin with anti-mullerian hormone in polycystic ovarian syndrome in Eastern Indian population

Background: Ovarian steroidogenesis requires gonadotropin stimulation, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is a key factor in the hyperandrogenaemia of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Progesterone is the primary regulator of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) pulse frequency; however, in the polycystic ovary syndrome, the GnRH pulse generator is relatively resistant to the negative feedback effects of progesterone.  Study aims to evaluate the association of Anti-mullerian hormone with serum androgen and gonadotropin level in adolescents and young women of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).Methods: This was a single centre observational Cross-sectional study carried out in the department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata from March 2017 to January 2019. Total number of study subjects were 207 out of which 138 were cases.Results: The AMH had strong positive correlation with serum testosterone in both case and control groups (r 0.542, p<0.001 and r 0.57, p<0.001) respectively .After the adjustment of age and BMI , the AMH moderately positive  but extremely significant correlation with serum testosterone as compare to control.Conclusions: Hyperandrogenaemia and higher ratio of LH and FSH associated with higher serum AMH level is associated with the higher serum AMH in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Diferencia en el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos entre pacientes con síndrome de ovario poliquístico y sanas / Difference in neutrophil/lymphocyte index between patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy women

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar la correlación del índice neutrófilos-linfocitos entre mujeres sanas y con síndrome de ovario poliquístico con las concentraciones de glucosa, lípidos y andrógenos. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal y comparativo efectuado en el Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia Luis Castelazo Ayala, entre julio de 2016 y febrero de 2019. Se estudiaron mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico en quienes se cuantificaron: glucosa, lípidos, testosterona, androstenediona y sulfato de dehidroepiandrosterona. Con base en el reporte de la biometría hemática se calculó el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos. Los resultados se compararon con controles sanas estudiadas por infertilidad. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó U de Mann-Whitney y análisis de correlación de Spearman. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 112 pacientes que se dividieron en dos grupos: el grupo 1 con síndrome de ovario poliquístico (n = 63) y grupo 2 mujeres sanas (n = 49). La mediana de la edad del grupo 1 fue 27 (14-39) la del grupo 2: 28 (16-41) años, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos ni entre los grupos en concentraciones de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. El índice neutrófilos-linfocitos fue significativamente mayor en el grupo con síndrome de ovario poliquístico: 1.9 (0.9-7.4) vs 1.4 (0.8-3.9), p < 0.000, respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: El síndrome de ovario poliquístico se asocia con un proceso inflamatorio crónico y mayor riesgo cardiovascular.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the difference in the neutrophil/lymphocyte index between PCOS patients and healthy women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative study. Women with PCOS were studied in which glucose, lipids, testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were measured, also a blood count was performed, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte index was calculated. The results were compared with healthy controls studied for infertility. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U and Spearman correlation analysis were used. RESULTS: 112 patients divided as follows were studied: group I with PCOS (n = 63) and group II healthy women (n = 49). The median age was for group I: 27 (14-39) and group II: 28 (16-41) years without statistically significant difference between them, also there were not between the groups in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. The neutrophil/lymphocyte index was significantly higher in the group with PCOS, 1.9 (0.9-7.4) vs 1.4 (0.8-3.9), p < 0.000, respectively. CONCLUSION: PCOS is associated with a chronic inflammatory process that may confer greater cardiovascular risk.

Steroids hydroxylation catalyzed by the monooxygenase mutantfromBM3

The search of new substrates with pharmaceutical and industrial potential for biocatalysts including cytochrome P450 enzymes is always challenging. Cytochrome P450 BM3 mutant, a versatile biocatalyst, exhibited hydroxylation activities towards fatty acids and alkanes. However, there were limited reports about its hydroxylation activity towards steroids. Herein, an-based whole-cell extract containing the recombinant 139-3 protein was used as the biocatalyst to screen 13 steroids. Results revealed that 139-3 was able to specifically hydroxylate androstenedione () at 1-position, generating a hydroxylated steroid 1-OH-androstenedione (). To investigate whether C-1hydroxylation catalyzed by BM3 mutantcould be industrially used, an optimization of catalyzing conditions was performed. Accordingly, the BM3 mutant 139-3 enzyme was observed to display maximum activity at 37 °C, under pH 7.0 for 4 h, with 37% transformation rate. Moreover, fourvariants were generated by random mutagenesis with the aim of improving its activity and expanding substrate scope. Surprisingly, these mutants, sharing a common mutated site R379S, lost their activities towards androstenedione (). These data clearly indicated that arginine residue located at site 379 played key role in the hydroxylation activities of 139-3. Overall, these new findings broadened the substrate scope of 139-3 enzyme, thereby expanding its potential applications as a biocatalyst on steroids hydroxylation in pharmaceutical industry.

Relationships of Basal Level of Serum 17-Hydroxyprogesterone with that of Serum Androstenedione and Their Stimulated Responses to a Low Dose of ACTH in Young Adult Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

A single measurement of serum 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) level can be unreliable because of its marked diurnal variation. We investigated the relationship of serum level of 17OHP with that of androstenedione (AD), which shows a smaller diurnal variation. And we tested whether the responses of these two hormones to low-dose ACTH stimulation are correlated in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Baseline serum 17OHP and AD levels were measured in 87 patients and a low-dose ACTH stimulation test was performed in 41 patients. The basal 17OHP level correlated positively with the basal AD level independently of sex, type of 21-hydroxylase deficiency, and the time of day of blood sampling (n = 87, R2 = 0.75, P < 0.001). The area under the curve of 17OHP and AD correlated positively with their respective basal levels. The fold-change increase in 17OHP after ACTH injection correlated negatively with the basal 17OHP level, but that of AD did not correlate with the basal AD level. The random serum 17OHP level, used in the clinic, is a reliable guide and a low-dose ACTH stimulation test provides no extra benefit for assessing the treatment adequacy in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Progesterone -17alpha -OH and androstenediona serum levels evaluation during the oestrus cycle in guilts (Sus Scrofa Domestica - Linnaeus, 1758) / Avaliação dos níveis séricos de 17-alfa-OH progesterona e androstenediona durante o ciclo estral em marrãs (Sus Scrofa Domestica - Linnaeus, 1758)

In the present study 21 young female swines, sexually mature, reared and kept under a industrial management system were assessed for their progesterone serum profiles during the oestrus cycle. Blood sampling was performed always at the same interval, from 8:00 to 10:00 AM. Each animal was submitted to 14 venal punctions at days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22 and 23 of the oestrous cycle. the first day of the oestrous phase was assumed to be Day 0 and the 23rd as the first of the next cycle. Hormone determinations were performed employing a solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA). For progesterone 17-alpha-OH hormone, the observed mean values ranged from 0.18 to 2.7 ng/ml and for the androstenedione hormone those values ranged from 0.08 to 0.24 ng/ml.

No presente trabalho, foram utilizadas 21 fêmeas suínas, virgens, sexualmente aptas, criadas e mantidas sob condições industriais, para observação dos perfis hormonais séricos de 17-alfa-OH progesterona e androstenediona, durante o ciclo estral. As colheitas de sangue foram efetuadas sempre no mesmo intervalo, entre 8 e 10 horas. Cada animal foi submetido a 14 punções venosas, distribuídas nos dias zero, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22 e 23 do ciclo estral. Considerou-se o dia zero como o primeiro dia da fase estral, e o 23º dia como o primeiro do estro subseqüente. Os ensaios para dosagens hormonais foram executados utilizando-se a técnica de radioimunoensaio (RIE) em fase sólida e para isso foi empregado conjunto de reagentes comerciais (Coat-A-Count®). Para o hormônio 17-alfa-OH progesterona, foram encontrados valores médios que variaram entre 0,18 e 2,7 ng/ml e para o hormônio androstenediona esses valores oscilaram entre 0,08 e 0,24 ng/ml.