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Rev. chil. anest ; 38(1): 15-23, mar. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-549147

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si los suspiros manuales o automáticos de la máquina de anestesia reducen las alteraciones del intercambio gaseoso durante la anestesia para neurocirugía prolongada. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, randomizado, de 27 pacientes neuroquirúrgicos, operados con anestesia general y ventilación controlada, con fracción inspirada de oxígeno (FIO2) de 1, sin presiónpositiva de final de espiración (PEEP). Los pacientes fueron aleatoriamente asignados a 3 grupos: Grupo control (C): volumen corriente (VC) 10 ml/kg y frecuencia respiratoria (FR) 10/min; Grupo SM: VC y FR igual, más 3 insufl aciones manuales horarias, y Grupo SA: igual VC y FR, con suspiro automático de la máquina de anestesia. Se realizaron gasometrías arteriales basales, a los 30, 120, 240 y 360 minutos de la intubación traqueal, y a las 2 horas del ingreso a Sala de Recuperación Postanestésica (SRPA). Resultados: Se calcularon los siguientes índices: presión arterial de oxígeno/fracción inspirada de oxígeno (PaFIO2), presión arterial/presión alveolar de oxígeno (PaO2/PAO2), y diferencia alvéolo – arterial de oxígeno(DA-a O2). El PaFIO2 no tuvo modificaciones significativas, mientras que el índice PaO2/PAO2 tuvo un descenso y la DA-a O2 un aumento significativo (p < 0,05) con respecto a los valores basales durante la anestesia, con recuperación parcial en SRPA. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los 3 grupos estudiados. Conclusiones: Durante la anestesia prolongada con ventilación mecánica controlada con FIO2 1 se produjeron alteraciones del intercambio gaseoso que no disminuyeron mediante la administración de suspiros manuales ni automáticos de la máquina de anestesia.


The objective of this study was to determine if manual or automatic anesthesia machine sights can reduce gas exchange alterations during prolonged neurosurgery under general anesthesia. Methodology: We made a prospective, randomized, controlled research on 27 neurosurgical patients, who had been operated under general anesthesia, and controlled mechanical ventilation with fraction of inspired oxygen of 1 (FIO2), without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Patients were randomized into 3 groups; Group C: tidal volume (VT) 10 ml/kg, and respiratory frequency (RF) of 10/min; Group SM: same VT and RF, plus 3 manual inflations per hour; and Group SA: same VT and RF, with automatic sigh of anesthesia machine. Basal arterial blood gases were determined; 30, 120, 240 and 360 minutes after tracheal intubation, and 2hours after arriving to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Results: The following ratios were calculated: arterial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaFIO2), arterial oxygen pressure/alveolar oxygen pressure (PaO2/PAO2), and the difference between alveolar oxygen pressure - arterial oxygen pressure (DAaO2). The PaFIO2 did not have significant modifications, while the PaO2/PAO2 index had a reduction and the DA-aO2 had a significant increase (p < 0,05) with respect to the basal values during anesthesia, with partial recovery in PACU. We didn’t found differences between the three groups studied. Conclusions: During prolonged anesthesia with controlled mechanical ventilation with FIO2 1 gas exchange alterations took place, and they were not modified by the administration of manual inflations or automatic sighs of the anesthesia machine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anesthesia, Inhalation/methods , Neurosurgery , Pulmonary Gas Exchange , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Anesthesia, Inhalation/instrumentation , Carbon Dioxide/blood , Oxygen/blood , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Mechanics , Tidal Volume , Time Factors
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