Avaliação da deformação de agulhas gengivais e análise fractal / Evaluation of dental needle deformation and fractal analysis

Introdução: A fratura da agulha na anestesia odontológica é rara, mas sua ocorrência tem sérias complicações e deve ser evitada. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a deformação de agulhas dentárias após a aplicação de forças de compressão. Material e método: Agulhas das marcas Dencojet e Septoject XL nos calibres 27G e 30G (quatro grupos) foram dobradas em dois sentidos opostos em máquina de ensaio mecânico DL200 - EMIC, com base na ISO 7885:2010. A resistência à compressão das agulhas foi medida em cada dobra. Ao final, foi realizada inspeção visual em uma lupa EK3ST em aumento de 40×, para análise da integridade das agulhas. Resultado: As agulhas de calibre 30G não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre elas. As agulhas de maior calibre (27G) apresentaram diferenças no primeiro (p = 0,0001) e no segundo dobramento (p = 0,0016). As agulhas Septoject XL 27G demonstraram ser muito menos flexíveis, fornecendo valores mais altos de resistência à dobra. No grupo Septoject XL 30G, 70% das agulhas fraturaram próximo ao canhão. Todas as amostras do grupo Septoject XL 27G apresentaram fraturas após a segunda dobra. Conclusão: Todas as agulhas gengivais testadas apresentaram comportamento aceitável, mesmo quando submetidas a situações críticas. As agulhas Dencojet 27G demonstraram ser mais flexíveis quando dobradas. Todas as agulhas Septoject XL 27G fraturaram após a segunda dobra. Não é aconselhável dobrar as agulhas dentárias.

Introduction: Needle fracture in dental anesthesia is rare, but its occurrence has serious complications and should be avoided. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the deformation of dental needles after the application of compression forces. Material and method: Needles of the Dencojet and Septoject XL brands in the 27G and 30G gauges (4 groups) were folded in two opposite directions in a mechanical test machine DL200 - EMIC, based on ISO 7885: 2010. The compressive strength of the needles was measured at each fold. At the end, visual inspection was performed on an EK3ST magnifying glass in a magnification of 40× for analysis of needle integrity. Result: 30G needles did not present significant differences between them. The largest gauges (27G) presented differences in the first (p = 0.0001) and in the second folding (p = 0.0016). Septoject XL 27G needles have been shown to be much less flexible, providing higher values ​​of resistance to folding. Seventh percent of the Septoject XL 30G group fractured near the cannon. All samples from the Septoject XL 27G group showed fractures after the second fold. Conclusion: All the gingival needles tested presented acceptable behavior, even when submitted to critical situations. Dencojet 27G needles have been shown to be more flexible when folded. All Septoject XL 27G needles fractured after the second fold. It is not advisable to bend the dental needles.

Anaesthetic Considerations in a Patient with Klippelfeil Syndrome Undergoing Occipito Cervical Fixation

A rare case with Klippel-Feil syndrome with a classic triad having short neck, low posterior hair line and restricted motion of neck because of fused cervical vertebrae was scheduled for occipito cervical fixation, foramen magnum decompression, fusion with local bones and cervical traction. We present the anaesthetic management of this patient highlighting the various anomalies associated with Klippel-Feil syndrome and the presence of a difficult airway.

Complicaciones anestesicas en la unidad de recuperacion postanestesica / Anesthetic complications in the post-anesthesia recovery unit

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de complicaciones anestesiológicas que se presentaron en la unidad de cuidados anestésicos postoperatorios del Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela en un periodo de 6 meses. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de complicaciones anestesiológicas que se presentaron en la unidad de cuidados anestésicos postoperatorios del Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela en un periodo de 6 meses. La frecuencia de complicaciones hallada fue similar a la de la mayor parte de los trabajos publicados, lo que nos sirve como “control de calidad” de nuestro Servicio de Anestesiología.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of complications presented anesthesiologic the postoperative anesthesia care unit of the Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela over a period of 6 months. The frequency of complications was found similar to that of most of the published works, which serves as a "quality control" of our Anesthesiology.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a freqüência de complicações apresentadas anestesiológicos a unidade de pós-operatório cuidados de anestesia do Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela durante um período de 6 meses. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a freqüência de complicações apresentadas anestesiológicos a unidade de pós-operatório cuidados de anestesia do Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela durante um período de 6 meses. A freqüência de complicações foi encontrado semelhante ao da maioria dos trabalhos publicados, que serve como um "controle de qualidade" da nossa Anestesiologia.

Fístula cutánea de líquido cefalorraquídeo por catéter peridural / Cutaneous fistula of cerebrospinal fluid by peridural catheter

Introducción: La fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo tras la colocación de un catéter peridural para el tratamiento del dolor crónico en una paciente oncológica es una complicación rara. Objetivos: Describir la conducta perioperatoria y la evolución de una paciente oncológica con dolor crónico, en la que se utilizó para analgesia un catéter peridural durante tiempo prolongado, que presentó una fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo. Presentación de caso: Paciente femenina de 32 años de edad con un carcinoma de ovario avanzado a la que se le colocó un catéter peridural a nivel de L2- L3 para la administración de analgesia con anestésicos locales y morfina liofilizada. A los 28 días comenzó con pérdida abundante de líquido en el sitio de inserción del catéter. Se estudió por citología y se corroboró la presencia de líquido cefalorraquídeo, por lo que se retiró el catéter. Se indicó, abundante reposición de líquidos y aminofilina por vía oral una tableta cada 8 horas. Se realizó vendaje compresivo del orificio cutáneo. A las 24 horas se mantiene la pérdida de líquido por lo que se realizó parche hemático. Evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Conclusiones: Las fístulas cutáneas cerebroespinales constituyen complicaciones muy poco frecuentes en la práctica anestesiológica, de etiología multifactorial e imprecisa, con una fundamentación fisiopatológica y una conducta terapéutica aun por definir, en las que el parche epidural con sangre autóloga parece ser una alternativa adecuada.

The cerebrospinal fluid fistula after the insertion of a peridural catheter to treat the chronic pain in an Oncology patient is an uncommon complication. Objectives: To describe the perioperative behavior and the course of an Oncology patient presenting with chronic pain using a long-term peridural catheter for analgesia, as well as a cerebrospinal fluid fistula. Case presentation: A female patient aged 32 presenting with an advanced ovarian carcinoma; a peridural catheter was passed at L2-L3 level to administration of analgesia with local anesthetics and lyophilized morphine. At 28 days she had an abundant loss of fluid in the insertion site of catheter. She was studied by cytology corroborating the presence of cerebrospinal fluid and removing the catheter. The prescription was a significant reestablishment of fluid and aminophyline per os (a tablet every 8 hours). A compressing bandage was placed over the cutaneous orifice. At 24 hrs the fluid loss subsists being necessary a hematic patch. She had a satisfactory course. Conclusions: The cutaneous cerebrospinal fistulae are uncommon complications in the anesthesia practice; it is of multifactorial and imprecise origin with a pathophysiological basis and a therapeutical behavior still not well defined where the epidural patch with autologous blood seems a appropriate alternative.

Prevention and treatment of severe complications of thoracoscopy / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective Study the prevention and early diagnosis of severe complications of thoracoscopy. Methods 400 patients,(18～81)years,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ,underwent thoracoscoy,including 320 pulmonary bubble resections and 80 thorax,mediastinum or lung tumor biopsy or resections.All patients were anesthetized with one-lung ventilation using a double-lumen tube and monitored continuously in circulatory and respiratory functions with a multi-runctional monitor. Results Severe intraoperative complications occurred in 8 patients,including 5 reexpansion pulmonary edema,1 complete occlusion of double-lumen tube due to massive pleural effusion,1 massive bleeding and 1 cardiac arrest due to bilateral pneumothorax.All complications were successfully treated and the patients were cured and discharged. Conclusions Thoracoscopy must be well prepared.Applying one lung anesthesia with double-lumen tube,careful observation during operation,early recognition and treatment of complications may contribute to assuring the safety of this procedure.

Aspiration Pneumonia in Esophageal Achalasia Patient during Anesthesia for Cesarian Section / 대한마취과학회지

Achalasia is a motility disorder of the esophagus characterized by aperistalsis, incomplete lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation, and increased LES tension. Obstruction at the esophageal hiatus results in dilatation of the thoracic esophagus, which can cause coughing and dyspnea by compression of the trachea and main-stem bronchi, and predisposes the patient to regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration of stagnant esophageal contents. We report a case of slight aspiration pneumonia during anesthesia in a pregnant woman who had achalasia of the esophagus. Epidural anesthesia was performed for a cesarian section uneventfully. She had a regurgitation of the gastroesophageal contents after a thiopental 225 mg IV because she wanted to sleep due to anxiety. We performed endotracheal intubation with Sellick's maneuver immediately followed by suction. We regret not to have recognized that she had achalasia of the esophagus. Therefore, we did not remove the esophageal contents with a nasogastric tube. The result was that she had slight aspiration pneumonia.

Thorax Compression Technique for Management of Uneven Ventilation in the Lung: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

Atelectasis is an important cause of impaired gas exchange during general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation and consequently hazardous cardiopulmonary effects may be evolved. A 50-year old woman who had no signs and symptoms as well as normal range of radiologic and laboratory findings showed right unilateral lung expansion just after induction. After physical examination, meticulous explorations of fiberoptic bronchoscopy and reevaluation of chest X ray, the cause of ventilatory unequality was supposed as significant difference in compliances of both lungs that resulted in an easy shift to the right, more compliant side. The patient was promptly and successfully managed with several times of synchronous compression with inspiration on the more compliant, right side thorax and then she got equal chest expansion and normal breathing sounds throughout the surgery uneventfully. In undetected microatelectasis or unbalanced thorax expansion as well as massive atelectasis, thorax compression technique should be a very simple and valuable method.