ABSTRACT
O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito das diferentes intensidades sobre a atividade mioelétrica do vasto lateral, deslocamento angular e tempo sob tensão do membro preferido durante séries múltiplas na cadeira extensora. Participaram do estudo 9 mulheres de 24±3,4 anos, 62,4±11,7 kg,1,64±0,05 m praticantes de musculação (mínimo de 6 meses). Durante três dias não consecutivos as voluntárias foram avaliadas no exercício de extensão de joelho na máquina apenas com o membro preferido. No primeiro dia foram realizados o teste e reteste de 10 repetições máximas (RM). No segundo e terceiro dias foram realizadas sessões de quatros séries com intensidade de 80% ou 90% de 10RM de forma aleatória, com intervalo de um minuto entre as séries. A atividade mioelétrica do vasto lateral (VL) foi monitorada. O tempo sob tensão e deslocamento angular também foram registrados. Considerando o deslocamento angular, houve diferença significativa no P80 comparado ao P90 nas séries 2 (p = 0,049), 3 (p = 0,046) e 4 (p = 0,023), respectivamente. Adicionalmente, verificou-se uma atividade mioelétrica normalizada superior na série 3 no P80 comparada ao P90 (p = 0,004). Não houve diferença significativa entre os protocolos para o tempo sob tensão e desempenho de repetições (p > 0,05). Portanto, o aumento no sinal mioelétrico observado entre intensidades relativas a 10RM (80 vs 90%) parece não apresentar uma associação com desempenho de repetições múltiplas máximas, sugerindo que ambas as intensidades relativas podem ser aplicadas como variações em programas de treinamento ou reabilitação de lesões sem prejuízos no volume de treino no exercício cadeira extensora unilateral para o membro preferido...U)
The purpose of the present study was to verify the effect of the different training intensities on the myoelectric activity of the vastus lateralis, angular displacement and time under tension of the preferred member during multiple sets in unilateral leg extension exercise. A total of 9 women aged 24 ± 3.4 years, 62.4 ± 11.7 kg, 1.64 ± 0.05 m bodybuilders (minimum 6 months) participated in the study. For three nonconsecutive days the volunteers were evaluated in leg extension exercise. On the first day, the test and retest of 10 repetition maximum loads (RM) were performed. On the second and third days, four sets were performed with an intensity of 80% or 90% of 10RM in a randomized order, with a one-minute rest interval between the sets. The myoelectric activity of the vastus lateralis (VL) was monitored. The time under tension and angular displacement were also recorded. Considering the angular displacement, there was a significant difference in P80 compared to P90 in set 2 (p = 0.049), 3 (p = 0.046) and 4 (p = 0.023), respectively. Regarding the myoelectric activity, there was a significant increase in P80 versus P90 in set 3 (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference between the protocols for time under tension and repetition performance (p> 0.05). Therefore, the increase in myoelectric signal observed between intensities relative to 10RM (80 vs 90%) does not appear to be associated with maximal multiple repetition performance, suggesting that both relative intensities can be applied as variations in training programs or injury rehabilitation without impairment in training volume in unilateral leg extension of the preferred member...AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Electromyography , Physical Education and Training , HypertrophyABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the characteristics and treatment of intertrochanteric fracture, which the proximal part displaced forwardly and angularly. Methods: Between March 2015 and March 2016, 40 patients with intertrochanteric fracture with forwardly and angularly displaced proximal part were treated with open reduction and intramedullary nailing fixation. There were 11 males and 29 females with the age of 56-87 years (mean, 75.7 years). The causes of injury included traffic accident in 1 case and fall in 39 cases. The body mass index was 18.9-33.8 (mean, 24.3). The time from injury to admission was 2-360 hours. The type of fracture according to AO-OTA classification was A1.2 type in 7 cases, A1.3 type in 1 case, A2.1 type in 6 cases, A2.2 type in 9 cases, A2.3 type in 12 cases, A3.2 type in 2 cases, and A3.3 type in 3 cases. The haemoglobin (Hb) value at admission and the lowest values before and after operation were recorded; the amount of the transfused-blood during hospital stay and visible blood loss around operation were recorded. The short-form 36 health survey scale (SF-36) before injury and at 12 weeks after operation were recorded for evaluating the quality of living; the visual analogue scale (VAS) score at admission and 2 days after operation were recorded for evaluating the reduction of pain, the union after operation were evaluated by X-ray film and clinical examination, and the Harris hip scale at 12 weeks were used to evaluate the injuried hip function. Results: The lowest Hb value before operation was (99.10±16.48) g/L, which was significantly lower than that at admission ［(114.33±14.93) g/L］ ( t=9.134, P=0.000). Eleven cases were treated with blood transfusion about (520.00±269.98) mL before operation. The amount of transfused blood during operation was (569.23±207.94) mL, and intraoperative blood loss was (373.08±154.68) mL. The lowest Hb value was (105.41±13.36) g/L after operation, and 8 cases were treated with second blood transfusion at amount of (500.00±185.16) mL. The reduction of fracture was rated as excellent in 16 cases, good in 18 cases, and poor in 6 cases according to the modified Baumgaertner criterion at 3 days after operation. Forty cases were followed up 12-15 weeks (mean, 12.8 weeks). No infection occurred in all cases. The VAS score at 2 days after operation was 3.2±0.5, which was significantly improved when compared with the value at admission (8.2±0.5) ( t=37.500, P=0.000). At 12 weeks after operation, all the fractures healed; the Harris score was 82.5±6.9; and the SF-36 score was 51.4±11.5, which was significantly decreased when compared with the score before injury (54.89±11.5) ( t=18.901, P=0.000). Delirium occurred in 4 cases, pneumonia in 8 cases, urinary infection in 5 cases, and venous thrombosis in 4 cases after operation, which were all cured after corresponding treatment. Conclusion: Intertrochanteric fracture with forwardly and angularly displaced proximal part is a type of unstable fracture, and it is difficult to reduction. It is necessary to achieve a good fracture reduction by means of auxiliary instrument. The anatomical alignment is the primary condition for the good effectiveness, and the anemia before and after the operation must be corrected.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study upper limb motor strategies during elbow extension activities in C5-6 spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and compare them with the strategies of normal individuals. Methods A Peak Motus motion analysis system was used to measure the angular displacement and the angular velocity of the shoulder, elbow and wrist of fifteen C5-6 SCI patients and fifteen healthy subjects during four elbow extension activities including grasping a cup, reaching for a light switch, wheelchair ambulation and upper limb weight-bearing. Results Compared with normal individuals, the movement time of the SCI patients was significantly longer during the grasping, reaching and wheelchair ambulation activities. The angular velocity was significantly slower during reaching for a light switch and wheelchair ambulation. The patients with spinal cord injury performed the motor tasks primarily relying on increasing or decreasing the angular displacement of the shoulder during the former three elbow extension activities. They compensated for any functional deficiency by changing the movement direction of the shoulder and elbow in sagittal projection during upper limb weight-bearing activities. Conclusion C5-6 SCI patients utilize different motor patterns and strategies from healthy subjects to complete elbow extension activities.